Question

Eating foods high in trans-fats(fats present in artificial form in industrially-produced cakes and fast food...) and saturated (饱和的) fats increases the risk of depression, according to a Spanish study, confirming previous studies that linked “junk food” with the disease. Researchers also showed that some products, such as olive oil, can fight against the risk of mental illness.
Authors of the wide-reaching study, from the universities of Navarra and Las Palmas, followed and analyzed the diet and lifestyle of over l2,000 volunteers over six years. When the study began, none of the participants had been diagnosed with depression; by the end, 657 of them were new sufferers.
“Participants with an increased consumption of trans-fats presented up to a 48 percent increase in the risk of depression when they were compared to participants who did not consume these fats,” the head study author said. “The more trans-fats were consumed, the greater harmful effect they produced in the volunteers.”
The research team found, at the same time, that after assessing the effect of polyunsaturated fats made up of larger amounts of fish and vegetable oils and olive oil, these products are associated with a lower risk of suffering depression.
The report, published in the online journal PLOS ONE, noted the research was performed on a European population that enjoys a relatively low intake of trans-fats—making up only 0.4 percent of the total energy taken in by the volunteers. “Despite this, we observed an increase in the risk of suffering depression of nearly 50 percent,” said researcher Miguel Martinez. “On this basis we think it of great importance to take this effect into account in countries like the United States, where the percentage of energy derived from these fats is around 2.5 percent.”
The report pointed out that the current number of depression sufferers in the world is around l50 million people, and has increased in recent years. This rise is attributable, according to the authors, “to great changes in the sources of fats consumed in Western diets, where we have replaced certain types of beneficial fats in nuts, vegetable oils and fish with the saturated and trans-fats found in meats, butter and other products such as mass-produced cakes and fast food.”
小题1:What's the best title of the text?

A．Junk Food and Depression	B．Depression Prevention
C．Types of Fats and Depression	D．Depression Research

小题2:Which of the following increases the risk of suffering depression?

A．Fish.

B．Vegetable oil.

C．Olive oil.

D．Butter.

小题3:The study tells us that         .

A．2.5% Americans suffer mental illness

B．l2,000 volunteers in Navarra took part

C．a minority of participants became new sufferers

D．l50 million Europeans enjoy a healthier lifestyle

小题4:The underlined word “derived” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to         .

A．obtained

B．chosen

C．separated

D．preserved

小题5:More and more Westerners are suffering depression because         .

A．they have less time for exercise

B．they eat more nuts, vegetable oils and fish

C．the sources of fats in their diets have changed

D．less meat, butter, and cakes are included in their diets

Answer 1

小题1:A
小题2:D
小题3:C
小题4:A
小题5:C

试题分析：本文叙述了人们吃垃圾食品（含有反式脂肪）与疾病的关系，文中介绍了通过调查研究及多次实验后，发现人们吃了含有这种脂肪的人患抑郁病的可能性很大，人们吃植物油、坚果和鱼等能降低患抑郁病的风险。
小题1:这是标题归纳题。根据confirming previous studies that linked “junk food” with the disease. 故选A。
小题2:这是细节理解题。根据trans-fats found in meats, butter and other products such as mass-produced cakes and fast food.故选D。
小题3:这是细节理解题。根据When the study began, none of the participants had been diagnosed with depression; by the end, 657 of them were new sufferers.故选C。
小题4:这是词义猜测题。根据from these fats is around 2.5 percent.从这些脂肪含能量的百分比是2.5 percent.故选 A。
小题5:这是细节理解题。根据to great changes in the sources of fats consumed in Western diets,故选C。
点评：文章标题是文章的点睛之笔。标题归纳题在英语阅读理解题中属深层理解题，它要求考生在通读全文的基础上，准确把握文章大意及作者的写作意图。一般说来，标题应该具有概括性、针对性、简洁性三个突出特点。其中概括性，是指标题应最大程度地覆盖全文，囊括文章的主要内容，体现文章的主题；针对性，是指标题的含义要直接指向文章的主要特点；而简洁性，则是指标题应言简意赅，能吸引读者的注意力，并唤起读者对文章的阅读兴趣等。