题目内容

【题目】—I am really struck by your spoken English. You speak so fluently. Have you been abroad?

—Yes. I ______ in London for two years.

A. have stayed B. stayed

C. had stayed D. have been staying

【答案】A

【解析】试题分析:考查时态。考生看到for two years,容易误选A。但句子中并没有说什么时候回来的,所以不能选用完成时。句意:我在伦敦呆了两年。根据语境说明stay的动作发生在过去,所以用过去时,延续性动词的过去时可以与时间段连用,因此选择B

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【题目】下面文章中有4个段落需要添加小标题,文章需要添加总标题。请从以下选项(A、B、C、 D、E和F)中选出符合意思的标题,并在答题纸上将相应选项的标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。

1________________

Whatever you focus on, you tend to get more of. Many people spend time thinking about what they don’t want, but horrible stuff keeps showing up in their lives. If you pay attention to what you do want instead, you’ll end up becoming more aware of avenues to getting it.

2_______________

Luck doesn’t just happen upon us--it comes to us when we’re open. Trying something new is a great way of getting more opportunities. Learning a new skill, visiting a new place, or trying a new hobby are all great ways of expanding your opportunities and your mindset.

3_______________

Some people are already lucky, and they just don’t know it. Instead of focusing on what’s lacking, look at how lucky you already are. You no doubt have some wonderful friends, family, a roof over your head and food on the table. By acknowledging these things regularly, you can instantly feel more lucky.

4_______________

People who view the future as threatening, dangerous or uncertain are unlikely to draw any luck to them. Having a negative view of what is to come makes you likely to be mentally and emotionally withdrawn into a place where you won’t even see any lucky opportunities. Be positive and excited about what the future may hold, and you should find many lucky opportunities on the horizon.

5________________

You’ll never create any luck if you sit there waiting for it to fall into your lap. Take steps towards your goals and dreams and greet every challenge with a positive mindset. You will find you create more luck in everyday life.

A. focus on what you really want

B. pay attention to what you have

C. try something new

D. take action

E. luck is not difficult to get

F. be positive about the future

【题目】Exercise seems to be good for the human brain, with many recent studies suggesting that regular exercise improves memory and thinking skills. But an interesting new study asks whether the apparent cognitive benefits from exercise are real or just a placebo effect — that is, if we think we will be “smarter” after exercise, do our brains respond accordingly? The answer has significant implications for any of us hoping to use exercise to keep our minds sharp throughout our lives.

While many studies suggest that exercise may have cognitive benefits, recently some scientists have begun to question whether the apparently beneficial effects of exercise on thinking might be a placebo effect. So researchers at Florida State University in Tallahassee and the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign decided to focus on expectations, on what people anticipate that exercise will do for thinking. If people’s expectations jibe (吻合) closely with the actual benefits, then at least some of those improvements are probably a result of the placebo effect and not of exercise.

For the new study, which was published last month in PLOS One, the researchers recruited 171 people through an online survey system, they asked half of these volunteers to estimate by how much a stretching and toning regimens (拉伸运动) performed three times a week might improve various measures of thinking. The other volunteers were asked the same questions, but about a regular walking program.

In actual experiments, stretching and toning program generally have little if any impact on people’s cognitive skills. Walking, on the other hand, seems to substantially improve thinking ability.

But the survey respondents believed the opposite, estimating that the stretching and toning program would be more beneficial for the mind than walking. The estimates of benefits from walking were lower.

These data, while they do not involve any actual exercise, are good news for people who do exercise. “The results from our study suggest that the benefits of aerobic exercise are not a placebo effect,” said Cary Stothart, a graduate student in cognitive psychology at Florida State University, who led the study.

If expectations had been driving the improvements in cognition seen in studies after exercise, Mr. Stothart said, then people should have expected walking to be more beneficial for thinking than stretching. They didn’t, implying that the changes in the brain and thinking after exercise are physiologically genuine.

The findings are strong enough to suggest that exercise really does change the brain and may, in the process, improve thinking, Mr. Stothart said. That conclusion should encourage scientists to look even more closely into how, at a molecular level, exercise remodels the human brain, he said. It also should encourage the rest of us to move, since the benefits are, it seems, not imaginary, even if they are in our head.

1Which of the following about the placebo effect is TRUE according to the passage?

A. It occurs during exercise. B. It has cognitive benefits.

C. It is just a mental reaction. D. It is a physiological response.

2Why did the researchers at the two universities conduct the research?

A. To discover the placebo effect in the exercise.

B. To prove the previous studies have a big drawback.

C. To test whether exercise can really improve cognition.

D. To encourage more scientists to get involved in the research.

3What can we know about the research Cary Stothart and his team carried out?

A. They employed 171 people to take part in the actual exercise.

B. The result of the research removed the recent doubt of some scientists.

C. The participants thought walking had a greater impact on thinking ability.

D. Their conclusion drives scientists to do research on the placebo effect.

4What might be the best title for the passage?

A. Is it necessary for us to take exercise? B. How should people exercise properly?

C. What makes us smarter during exercise? D. Does exercise really make us smarter?

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