题目内容

While experts ________ delaying the retirement age, some citizens doubt whether they can ________ easily to the new age of workforce.

A. accomplish, adoptB. attain, allocate

C. adore, adaptD. advocate, adjust

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There was good news last week for people who struggle to get eight hours of sleep a night: they may not need so much shut-eye after all.

Researchers from UCLA and elsewhere looked at sleep habits of remote hunter-gatherers in Tanzania, Namibia and Bolivia — groups with pre-industrial lifestyles whose sleep patterns are believed to reflect those of ancient humans. The researchers found that, on average, members of each group sleep a bit less than six and a half hours a night.

The study, published in the academic journal Current Biology, indicates that “natural” sleep is less than eight hours a night and that modern society’s numerous electronic distractions (分心) aren’t necessarily to blame for people getting just six or seven hours of sleep.

“The story that often gets out is that if you sleep for less than seven hours, you’re going to die early,” he told me. “That’s not true.”

Yet Americans are addicted to getting more sleep — and on turning to medical shortcuts to help them.

According to the Centers for Disease Control, as many as 70 million U.S. adults suffer from sleep disorders or sleeplessness. Only a third of Americans get the government’s recommended seven to nine hours of sleep a night.

About 9 million American adults use sleeping pills to help get a good night’s rest, the CDC found. Siegel said the number of people relying on medicines “has gone up rather rapidly since then.”

Industry consulting firm GlobalData estimates that worldwide sales for sleeplessness medicines will run about $1.4 billion next year and reach $1.8 billion by 2023, recovering from lower sales in recent years because of cheaper generics(仿制药) hitting the market.

Dr. Roy Artal, a sleep specialist in West Los Angeles, said it’s understandable that busy people in today’s go-go world would turn to medicines to speed up the sleep process. But all they’re doing is building a reliance on powerful drugs for relatively little improvement.

“There’s no magic pill that makes us sleep when we want and wake up when we want,” Artal said. “The effects of sleeping pills tend to be modest.”

He and other experts say the answer to sleeplessness isn’t to be found in a pill bottle. It’s in what’s called “sleep hygiene (保健).”

1.The research on sleep habits of remote hunter-gatherers in Tanzania, Namibia and Bolivia shows that ________.

A. they have a lack of sleep because of their bad lifestyle

B. “natural” sleep may be less than eight hours a night

C. modern electronic products cause the sleeplessness

D. pre-industrial lifestyles will be helpful to a better sleep

2.Jerome Siegel believes that ________.

A. we need to take sleeping pills to improve sleep

B. modern electronic products do harm to a good sleep

C. those who sleep for less than 7 hours will die early

D. there is nothing wrong with a 6 or 7 hours’ sleep

3.The underlined word “modest” probably means ________.

A. obviousB. awfulC. smallD. large

4.The main idea of this passage is that ________.

A. people may not need eight hours of sleep a night

B. people need sleeping pills to have a good sleep

C. sleeping pills have a long way to go for sleep improvement

D. sleeping pill industry will suffer great losses from the new discovery

Bill Javis took over our village news-agency at a time of life when most of us only want to relax. He just thought he would like something but not too much to do, and the news-agency was ready-made. The business produced little enough for him, but Bill was a man who only wanted the simplicity and order and regularity of the job. He had been a long-serving sailor, and all his life had done everything by the clock.

Every day he opened his shop at six a.m. to catch the early trade; the papers arrived on his door-step before that. Many of Bill’s customers were city workers, and the shop was convenient for the station. Business was tailing off by 10 o’clock, so at eleven sharp Bill closed for lunch. It was hard luck on anybody who wanted a paper or magazine in the afternoon, for most likely Bill would be down on the river bank, fishing, and his nearest competitor was five kilometers away. Sometime in the afternoon, the evening paper landed on the doormat, and at 4 o’clock Bill reopened. The evening rush lasted till seven, and it was worthwhile.

He lived in a flat above the shop, alone. Except in the very bad weather, you always knew where to find him in the afternoon, as I have said. Once, on a sunny afternoon, I walked home along the river bank from a shopping trip to the village. By my watch it was three minutes past four, so I was astonished to see Bill sitting there on his little chair with a line in the water. He had had no luck, I could see, but he was making no effort to move.

“What’s wrong, Bill?” I called out from the path.

For answer, he put a hand in his jacket and took out a big, golden object. For a moment I had no idea what it could be, and then it suddenly went off with a noise like a fire engine. Stopping the bell, Bill held the thing up and called back, “Ten to four, you see, and this is dead right.”

I had never known anyone carrying a brass alarm clock round with him before.

1.Bill Javis became a news-agent when ________.

A. he needed the money.

B. he decided to take things easy

C. he was quite an old man

D. he gave up clock-repairing

2.Bill opened the shop so early in the day because ________.

A. he liked to do as much as possible before he went to work

B. the shop had to be open when the morning papers came

C. he was never sure of time

D. it was then that he did a lot of business

3.On that sunny afternoon, the writer was surprised when he saw Bill because _______.

A. he thought it was late for Bill to be still fishing

B. he thought Bill was ill, since he was not moving at all

C. Bill had not caught anything, and that seemed strange

D. Bill stayed in his flat

4.What’s the meaning of the underlined phrase in paragraph 2?

A. become noisy B. become less

C. become stronger D. become busy

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