题目内容

______ you’re putting off doesn’t go away; we had better solve the problem right now.

A. Whatever B. Whichever C. Whenever D. However

A

【解析】

试题分析:考查主语从句。A. Whatever无论什么; B. Whichever 无论哪一个;C. Whenever无论什么时候; D. However无论怎样。 句意:你什么也推脱不开;我们最好立刻解决问题。故选A。

考点:考查主语从句。

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Researchers at the University of Kansas say that people can accurately judge 90 percent of a stranger’s personality simply by looking at the person’s shoes.

“Shoes convey a thin but useful piece of information about their wearers,” the authors wrote in the new study published in the Journal of Research in Personality. “Shoes serve a practical purpose, and also serve as nonverbal(非语言的) indications with symbolic messages. People tend to pay attention to the shoes they and others wear.”

Medical Daily notes that the details detected in the study include a person’s general age, sex, income, political affiliation(派别), and other personality characteristics, including someone’s emotional stability.

Lead researcher Omri Gillath said the judgments were based on the style, cost, color, and condition of someone’s shoes. In the study, 63 University of Kansas students looked at pictures showing 208 different pairs of shoes worn by the study’s participants. Volunteers in the study were photographed in their most commonly worn shoes, and then filled out a personality questionnaire.

So, some of the results were expected: People with higher incomes most commonly wore expensive shoes, and flashier footwear was typically worn by extroverts(外向者).

However, some of the more specific results are interesting. For example, “practical and functional” shoes were generally worn by more “agreeable” people, while ankle boots went more closely with “aggressive” personalities.

The strangers of all may be that those who wore “uncomfortable looking” shoes tend to have “calm” personalities.

And if you have several pairs of new shoes or take exceptional care of them, you may suffer from “attachment anxiety”, spending a large amount of time worrying about what other people think of your appearance.

There was even a political calculation in the mix with more liberal types wearing “shabbier and less expensive” shoes.

The researchers noted that some people will choose shoe styles to mask their actual personality characteristics, but researchers noted that volunteers were also likely to be unaware that their footwear choices were showing deep awareness into their personalities.

1.According to Omri Gillath, a stranger’s personality can be judged by ___.

A. the age and sex of the person

B. the personality questionnaire by the person

C. the emotional stability of the person

D. the shoes the person wearst

2.We can infer from Paragraph 2 that ___.

A. a practical purpose is to wear shoes

B. people want to buy new shoes they pay attention to

C. shoes are vital to their wearers

D. the Journal of Research in Personality is a magazine

3.The underlined word “agreeable” is closest in meaning to __.

A. gentle B. weak C. generous D. considerate

4. Which might be the best title for the passage?

A. Good Shoes, Good Character

B. Bad Shoes, Bad Personality

C. Shoes and Their Wearers’ Personality

D. Shoes Shape A Person’s Character

Many science fiction stories tell about explorers arriving in a new world. The explorers then use some kind of high-tech device to test for breathable air or signs of life. But here on Earth, science fiction is becoming reality through a new sampling technology called environmental DNA, or e-DNA for short. Scientists can use it to identify rare or invasive species, study bio-diversity or estimate fish populations with just a little air or water.

Ryan Kelly is an ecologist at the School of Marine and Environmental Affairs at the University of Washington in Seattle. He works in a laboratory there with other researchers. They study the genetic material released by living creatures. “Essentially we can take a sample of soil or air — and in our case — water, and we can sequence(to arrange the order of genes)the DNA out of it and tell you what is there.”

Ryan Kelly says he and his research team are studying water samples collected from Puget Sound. He says the cost of gene sequencing has “been reduced greatly in recent years.” That makes DNA testing more widely available.

Environmental DNA can be used in two ways. One is to identify the creatures that live in a certain place. The other is to confirm the presence or lack of a specific creature.

Caren Goldberg heads the new e-DNA lab at Washington State University in Pullman, Washington. She is one of the first biologists in the northwestern United States to take the technology from the testing phase to actually using it.

“It is extremely useful for species that are really hard to find. I have spent many hours looking for species that I was pretty sure were there — looking under rocks, looking in water, doing all kinds of surveys.”

Caren Goldberg sees e-DNA as a way to get answers more efficiently, safely and with less destruction compared to traditional survey techniques. Until recently, scientists depended on diving deep, netting or using an electric current to temporarily catch fish.

“We’re absolutely at this point where proof-of-concept has been established. I don't think everyone necessarily is ready for it yet, but I think the majority of people are.”

This newer way to identify what lives in the environment is becoming popular around the world. Animal experts in Vietnam are using the e-DNA to find the last, wild Yangtze giant softshell turtles. One researcher on the Caribbean island of Trinidad is using the sampling technology to find endangered golden tree-frogs. And in Madagascar, it is being used to identify amphibian diseases.

Ms. Goldberg has used e-DNA testing to confirm the local extinction, disappearance, of a leopard frog in the American state of Idaho. She has also been asked to document the spread of the New Zealand mud-snail in the state of Washington. The creature has been found in lakes and other waterways across the state.

Now, the U.S. Bureau of Land Management wants Caren Goldberg to look for the Columbia spotted frog in two other western states. The rare amphibian is a candidate for the federal government's threatened species list.

Scientists working with the technology say they do not expect robots to replace field biologists anytime soon. But the old-fashioned field work could soon be more targeted.

A related research goal is to show how long environmental DNA can last and how far it can travel in different environments.

1.Paragraph One is intended as _____ of the passage.

A. the main idea

B. the introduction of the topic

C. a supporting detail of the main idea

D. a contrast of the main idea

2.What has made E-DNA magic is that with E-DNA_____.

A. you are likely to find information about a species with a little air, water, or soil

B. some kind of high-tech device can be used to test for breathable air or signs of life

C. you are able to get answers more efficiently, safely though with more damage

D. the cost of gene sequencing has been reduced greatly in recent years.

3.So far, the technique of E-DNA has NOT helped scientists search for ______.

A. wild Yangtze giant soft-shell turtles

B. endangered golden tree-frogs

C. the local extinction of a leopard frog

D. the spread of the New Zealand mud-snail

4.Despites its advantage, we are still not sure of something about E-DNA. That is _____ .

A. the lasting time and the spreading area of E-DNA

B .the lasting time of E-DNA and too many species for E-DNA

C. too many candidates for E-DNA and the lasting time of E-DNA

D. robots and old-fashioned field work’s replacing E-DNA

5.The passage can be sorted as a(n) _____.

A. science fictionB. experiment report

C. science reportD. bio-diversity discovery

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