Don't blame genes for aging facial skin. A new study of twins suggests you can   1   those coarse(粗糙的) wrinkles, brown or pink spots, and dilated(膨胀的) blood vessels on too much time in the sun, smoking, and being overweight.

Because twins share genes, but may have  2  exposures to environmental factors, studying twins allows an, "opportunity to control for genetic susceptibility(敏感性)," Dr. Elma D. Baron, at Case Western Reserve School of Medicine in Cleveland, Ohio, and colleagues  3  in the latest issue of Archives of Dermatology.

Their analysis of environmental skin-damaging factors in 65 pairs of twins hints that skin aging is  4  more to environment and lifestyle than  5   factors.

But when it   6   skin cancer, the researchers say their findings support previous reports that   7  environment and genes affect skin cancer risk.

Baron's team   8   facial skin of 130 twins, 18 to 77 years old, who lived  9   in the northern Midwest and Eastern regions of the U.S. who were  10   the Twins Days Festival in Ohio in August 2002.

At this time, each of the twins also  11    reported how their skin burned or tanned  12    sunscreen(防晒霜), their weight, and their history of skin cancer, smoking, and alcohol drinking.

The study group   13   of 52 fraternal and 10 identical twin pairs, plus 3 pairs who were unsure of their twin status. Identical(同卵的) twins share all of their genes and fraternal twins share only about half.

From these data, the researchers  14  strong ties, outside of twin status, between smoking, older age, and being overweight, and having facial skin with evidence of environmental  15 

 16   contrast, sunscreen use and drinking alcohol appeared correlated with   17    skin damage.

Baron and colleagues say the current findings, which highlight ties between facial   18  and potentially avoidable  19   factors -- such as smoking, being overweight, and   20   overexposure to the sun's damaging rays -- may help motivate people to minimize these risky behaviors.

(    ) 1. A. blame                         B. owe                 C. take                 D. bring

(    ) 2. A. same                      B. different           C. similar             D. common

(    ) 3. A. explain                    B. confirm            C. declare             D. shout

(    ) 4. A. equal                             B. related              C. close               D. strict

(    ) 5. A. characteristic           B. personal           C. natural             D. genetic

(    ) 6. A. comes to                 B. talks of             C. refers to           D. gets to

(    ) 7. A. all                          B. neither             C. both                 D. either

(    ) 8. A. examined               B. checked            C. inspected          D. interviewed

(    ) 9. A. most                      B. usually             C. mostly              D. always

(    ) 10. A. joining                  B. representing      C. attending          D. remarking

(    ) 11. A. separately                  B. lonely              C. commonly               D. truly

(    ) 12. A. with                             B. on                    C. in                    D. without

(    ) 13. A. consisted                      B. made up         C. contained       D. included

(    ) 14. A. documented           B. recorded           C. reported           D. noted

(    ) 15. A. damage                 B. exploration       C. protection        D. material

(    ) 16. A. In                         B. By                   C. As                    D. At

(    ) 17. A. lesser                    B. more               C. no                    D. fewer

(    ) 18. A. look                             B. aging                      C. expression               D. wrinkle

(    ) 19. A. environmental               B. genetic             C. emotional        D. psychological

(    ) 20. A. protected                      B. planned            C. unprotected       D. prevented

According to the United States government, people are classified as homeless if they have no place to stay and no expectation of finding a place for the next thirty days.Although technically accurate, that is an impersonal assessment of an enormous and very human problem.
The homeless population represents all of us Americans.It includes men and women, the elderly, children, and infants.Its members are from all ethnic groups.What they have in common is poverty.
Currently in the U.S., thirty-nine million people live in poverty.When money is really tight, paying the rent or buying food often becomes a choice.Government assistance in the form of food stamps does help but, as one homeless man explains, you can’t pay the rent with food stamps.
With no money for rent, the streets and homeless shelters become the alternative.
Although men constitute the largest group within the homeless population, homeless women with children are rapidly joining them.In fact, one quarter of the homeless people in the U.S.are teenagers and young children.
People may become homeless for numerous reasons.However, there are certain factors that many of these individuals have in common.They include a lack of adequate education and job skills.A majority of the teenagers and adults have not completed high school.
The abuse of alcohol and drugs is also a common factor.One third of the adult homeless population abuses alcohol.While one quarter of the same group uses drugs.
Some members of this population suffer mental health problems.Within the past several years many institutions for the mentally ill have been closed and their patients sent “home”.Unfortunately, a number of those people have no home to go to and they are unable to adequately look after themselves.
Job loss in today’s economy has also become a real factor in the loss of people’s homes.The breakup of families through abandonment and divorce are also contributing factors, particularly when there are children involved.The parent who is left to care for the kids with inadequate income may be forced to depend on the homeless shelters to put a roof over their heads.
【小题1】The writer thinks that the U.S.government’s definition for the homeless reveals ________.

A.an insincere attitude toward the homeless
B.an unbearable attitude toward the homeless
C.an uncivilized attitude toward the homeless
D.an unsympathetic attitude toward the homeless
【小题2】The U.S.government helps the homeless by ___________.
A.giving them homeless allowance
B.giving them food stamps
C.finding jobs for them
D.finding residence for them
【小题3】People become homeless for all the following reasons E  XCEPT __________.
A.the lack of adequate education
B.the abuse of alcohol and drugs
C.the closure of institutions for the mentally ill
D.the poor performance of economy
【小题4】The breakup of families is likely to lead to homelessness because a parent with kids may_____.
A.lose his or her job in today’s economy
B.be unable to look after the kids
C.not have enough income
D.find residence at a homeless shelter

According to the United States government, people are classified as homeless if they have no place to stay and no expectation of finding a place for the next thirty days. Although technically accurate, that is an impersonal assessment of an enormous and very human problem.
The homeless population represents all of us Americans. It includes men and women, the elderly, children, and infants. Its members are from all ethnic groups. What they have in common is poverty.
Currently in the U.S., thirty-nine million people live in poverty. When money is really tight, paying the rent or buying food often becomes a choice. Government assistance in the form of food stamps does help but, as one homeless man explains, you can’t pay the rent with food stamps.
With no money for rent, the streets and homeless shelters become the alternative.
Although men make up the largest group within the homeless population, homeless women with children are rapidly joining them. In fact, one quarter of the homeless people in the U.S. are teenagers and young children.
People may become homeless for numerous reasons. However, there are certain factors that many of these individuals have in common. They include a lack of adequate education and job skills. A majority of the teenagers and adults have not completed high school.
The abuse of alcohol and drugs is also a common factor. One third of the adult homeless population abuses alcohol, while one quarter of the same group uses drugs.
Some members of this population suffer mental health problems. Within the past several years many institutions for the mentally ill have been closed and their patients sent “home”. Unfortunately, a number of those people have no home to go to and they are unable to adequately look after themselves.
Job loss in today’s economy has also become a real factor in the loss of people’s homes. The breakup of families through abandonment and divorce is also contributing factors, particularly when there are children involved. The parent who is left to care for the kids with inadequate income may be forced to depend on the homeless shelters to put a roof over their heads.
【小题1】The writer thinks that the U.S. government’s definition for the homeless shows _________.

A.an insincere attitude toward the homeless
B.an unbearable attitude toward the homeless
C.an uncivilized attitude toward the homeless
D.an unsympathetic attitude toward the homeless
【小题2】The U.S. government helps the homeless by _________.
A.giving them homeless allowanceB.giving them food stamps
C.finding jobs for themD.finding residence (a place to live) for them
【小题3】People become homeless for all the following reasons EXCEPT _________.
A.the lack of adequate education
B.the abuse of alcohol and drugs
C.the closure of institutions for the mentally ill
D.the poor performance of economy
【小题4】The breakup of families is likely to lead to homelessness because a parent with kids may _________.
A.lose his or her job in today’s economy
B.be unable to look after the kids
C.not have enough income
D.find residence at a homeless shelter

Recently a group of children in America poured some gasoline on a sleeping man and set him on fire. When caught, the children said they had done what they’d seen on TV.

The incidents make people angry who believe that American children are harmed by watching too much TV. They claim children can’t tell between the fiction of TV and reality, and TV distracts them from learning and makes them violent.

To estimate the impact of TV on young people, “Life” magazine hires a company to interview hundreds of school children in Nora Springs, Iowa and in Dallas, Texas. Although the two cities are very different, the company finds children in each city watch the same TV shows.

Many Iowa children, who watch an average of three hours of TV a day, recognizing that life on TV is rosier than what they experience. Their favourite shows are situation comedies about American families in trouble. Many boys like violent shows about police detectives or heroes, girls particularly soap operas-stories about families and friends.

On the whole, children find real violence on news programs hard to take. “If you see a bus crash on the news, it’s frightening,” one fifth grader says. By and large, the Iowa children agree that the best thing about TV is it makes you laugh.

Children in Dallas are savvier about programs of drug use on TV. “They don’t really show them doing it right. On TV they are not real.” A fifth grader says.

“Life” agrees with a 1988 study by the U. S Department of education that finds children are none the worse for watching TV. The study finds TV doesn’t have lasting effect on children. On the contrary, kids show good judgment about what they watch. “There are very few good shows on TV anymore,” a 10-year-old boy says.

While the debate about TV is so heated, the “Life” survey gives hope that American kids aren’t wasting three or four hours a day (what is worse, by the time young people enter college today, they will have devoted more time to watching television than they will spend in college). However, a child watching TV isn’t reading a good book or joining in healthful sports.

1.The main idea of the passage is       .

A.children who watch more TV are smarter than those who watch only one hour a day

B.children learn about drugs from watching TV

C.watching too much TV can cause children to go out and kill people

D.children learn from TV and can tell reality from what they see on it

2.Children who see real violence on TV news programs        .

A.change the channel to watch other programs

B.live in Iowa or Texas

C.are sometimes upset and scared

D.think TV gives a very positive image of friendship

3.Children who enter college today        .

A.usually cause the satisfaction of the society

B.think life on TV is happier than their life at home

C.have spent more time watching TV than they will spend in college

D.watch most the same TV shows as children in Dallas

4.The “Life” survey of children’s TV habits        .

A.concludes that watching up to seven hours a day of TV is good for children

B.agrees with the U.S. Department of Education study that finds few negative effects from watching TV

C.concludes that there aren’t any good shows on TV any more

D.concludes that children shouldn’t pour gasoline on sleeping man

 

According to the United States government, people are classified as homeless if they have no place to stay and no expectation of finding a place for the next thirty days.Although technically accurate, that is an impersonal assessment of an enormous and very human problem.

       The homeless population represents all of us Americans.It includes men and women, the elderly, children, and infants.Its members are from all ethnic groups.What they have in common is poverty.

       Currently in the U.S., thirty-nine million people live in poverty.When money is really tight, paying the rent or buying food often becomes a choice.Government assistance in the form of food stamps does help but, as one homeless man explains, you can’t pay the rent with food stamps.

       With no money for rent, the streets and homeless shelters become the alternative.

       Although men constitute the largest group within the homeless population, homeless women with children are rapidly joining them.In fact, one quarter of the homeless people in the U.S.are teenagers and young children.

       People may become homeless for numerous reasons.However, there are certain factors that many of these individuals have in common.They include a lack of adequate education and job skills.A majority of the teenagers and adults have not completed high school.

       The abuse of alcohol and drugs is also a common factor.One third of the adult homeless population abuses alcohol.While one quarter of the same group uses drugs.

       Some members of this population suffer mental health problems.Within the past several years many institutions for the mentally ill have been closed and their patients sent “home”.Unfortunately, a number of those people have no home to go to and they are unable to adequately look after themselves.

       Job loss in today’s economy has also become a real factor in the loss of people’s homes.The breakup of families through abandonment and divorce are also contributing factors, particularly when there are children involved.The parent who is left to care for the kids with inadequate income may be forced to depend on the homeless shelters to put a roof over their heads.

1.The writer thinks that the U.S.government’s definition for the homeless reveals ________.

       A.an insincere attitude toward the homeless

       B.an unbearable attitude toward the homeless

       C.an uncivilized attitude toward the homeless

       D.an unsympathetic attitude toward the homeless

2.The U.S.government helps the homeless by ___________.

       A.giving them homeless allowance

       B.giving them food stamps

       C.finding jobs for them

       D.finding residence for them

3.People become homeless for all the following reasons E  XCEPT __________.

       A.the lack of adequate education

       B.the abuse of alcohol and drugs

       C.the closure of institutions for the mentally ill

       D.the poor performance of economy

4.The breakup of families is likely to lead to homelessness because a parent with kids may_____.

       A.lose his or her job in today’s economy

       B.be unable to look after the kids

       C.not have enough income

       D.find residence at a homeless shelter

 

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