Evaluating Sources (来源) of Health Information

Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information. Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information,how to separate fact from opinion,how to recognize poor reasoning,and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources.1.

Go to the original source. Media reports often simplify the results of medical research. Find out for yourself what a study really reported,and determine whether it was based on good science. Think about the type of study.2.

Watch for misleading language. Some studies will find that a behavior “contributes to” or is “associated with” an outcome;this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result. 3. Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.

Use your common sense. If a report seems too good to be true,probably it is. Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements. 4. Evaluate “scientific” statements carefully,and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术).

5. Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration,but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.

Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about health problems will serve you well throughout your life.

A.Make choices that are right for you.

B.The goal of an ad is to sell you something.

C.Be sure to work through the critical questions.

D.And examine the findings of the original research.

E.Distinguish between research reports and public health advice.

F.Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an author's point of view.

G.The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.

It was a cold winter day. A woman drove up to the Rainbow Bridge tollbooth(收费站). “I’m paying for myself, and for the six cars behind me,” she said with a smile, handing over seven tickets. One after another, the next six drivers arriving at the tollbooth were informed, “Some lady up ahead already paid your fare.”

It turned out that the woman, Natalie Smith, had read something on a friend’s refrigerator: “Practice random kindness and senseless acts of beauty.” The phrase impressed her so much that she copied it down.

Judy Foreman spotted the same phrase on a warehouse wall far away from home. When it stayed on her mind for days, she gave up and drove all the way back to copy it down. “I thought it was beautiful,” she said, explaining why she’d taken to writing it at the bottom of all her letters, “like a message from above.” Her husband, Frank, liked the phrase so much that he put it up on the classroom wall for his students, one of whom was the daughter of Alice Johnson, a local news reporter. Alice put it in the newspaper, admitting that though she liked it, she didn’t know where it came from or what it really meant.

Two days later, Alice got a call from Anne Herbert, a woman living in Marin. It was in a restaurant that Anne wrote the phrase down on a piece of paper, after turning it around in her mind for days.

“Here’s the idea,” Anne says. “Anything you think there should be more of, do it randomly.” Her fantasies include painting the classrooms of shabby schools, leaving hot meals on kitchen tables in the poor part of town, and giving money secretly to a proud old lady. Anne says, “Kindness can build on itself as much as violence can.”

The acts of random kindness spread. If you were one of those drivers who found your fare paid, who knows what you might have been inspired to do for someone else later. Like all great events, kindness begins slowly, with every single act. Let it be yours!

1.Why did Natalie Smith pay for the six cars behind her?

A. She knew the car drivers well.

B. She wanted to show kindness.

C. She hoped to please others.

D. She had seven tickets.

2.Judy Foreman copied down the phrase because she _________.

A. thought it was beautifully written

B. wanted to know what it really meant

C. decided to write it on a warehouse wall

D. wanted her husband to put it up in the classroom

3.Who came up with the phrase according to the passage?

A. Judy Foreman B. Natalie Smith

C. Alice Johnson D. Anne Herbert

4.Which of the following statements is closest in the meaning to the underlined sentence above?

A. Kindness and violence can change the world.

B. Kindness and violence can affect one’s behavior.

C. Kindness and violence can reproduce themselves.

D. Kindness and violence can shape one’s character.

5.What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A. People should practice random kindness to those in need.

B. People who receive kindness are likely to offer it to others.

C. People should practice random kindness to strangers they meet.

D. People who receive kindness are likely to pay it back to the giver.

The most unforgettable thing during my long summer holiday last year,of course was my trip

___ England. This was my first time to go abroad,so it really made me ____ .

There were quite a lot of interesting places in England,____ Oxford and Cambridge. When we walked around Oxford,we saw quite a lot of ancient buildings on ____ sides of the streets. One of the most famous tourist ____ in Oxford is Christ Church,it's ____ one of the Oxford University's 39 colleges. There is a huge hall in Christ Church,____ was used as the dining hall at Hogwarts in the Harry Potter _____. I felt really excited when I heard this.

___ place that impressed me ____ during my trip was a place called Stratford-upon-Avon. It was a small town. Maybe you haven't ____ it,but I'm sure you have heard about William Shakespeare — it's the great man's ____. In Stratford-upon-Avon,I could ____ Shakespeare's Birthplace,Shakespeare Countryside Museum,the Royal Shakespeare Theatre,and a lot of places that are connected with ____.

I went to Shakespeare's Birthplace. It was the house ____ Shakespeare was born and ____ his early years. ____ sitting room,hallway (走廊),bedrooms,and kitchen were furnished (布置) in 16th-century ____. I also went to see the Shakespeare Exhibition. It illustrated (以图解说明) Shakespeare's life and career in both Stratford and London.

I really enjoyed this nice trip,____ I learnt a lot. I'm very happy that I could visit such an interesting ____. I want to go there again in the future.

1.A. at B. to C. from D. for

2.A. excited B. disappointed C. stubborn D. determined

3.A. namely B. for example C. such as D. for instance

4.A. each B. either C. neither D. both

5.A. views B. scenes C. interests D. sites

6.A. too B. also C. still D. yet

7.A. which B. that C. who D. where

8.A. novels B. records C. songs D. films

9.A. Other B. Another C. Each D. Every

10.A. deep B. deeply C. high D. highly

11.A. heard about B. thought about C. listened to N D. dreamed about

12.A. theatre B. office C. play D. hometown

13.A. see B. say C. talk D. speak

14.A. Oxford B. England C. Shakespeare D. Harry Potter

15.A. who B. thatN C. when D. where

16.A. paid B. cost C. spent D. took

17.A. Its B. It’s C. It had D. It was

18.A. site B. style C. shape D. shade

19.A. for which B. which C. from which D. in which

20.A. place NB. Town C. country D. summer

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