While the presence of rats in homes may cause anxiety and annoyance,they rarely result in driving out the residents.But that is exactly what happened to the inhabitants of the 10-square-mile Hawadax Island off the coast of Alaska,almost 230 years ago.Now thanks to a five-year effort by scientists,the terribly silent “Rat Island” as it had been called for many years has been returned to its rightful owners—birds!

Hawadax Island is part of a chain of volcanic islands in the Bering Sea called the Aleutian Islands.The rats that arrived there in 1780,when a Japanese ship carrying them broke down nearby,completely destroyed the native population because the environment of the island was not built to defend its animals from these predators.There isn't any tree on the island,which meant that the birds were accustomed to building their nests low in the ground,giving the rodents(啮齿动物) easy access to both eggs and baby chicks.As years passed,the birds that had called the island home for thousands of years became endangered and eventually,disappeared completely.

In 2007,the US FWS(Fish and Wildlife Service) started a serious plan to rid the island of the rats and try bringing back the beautiful birds that had once called it home.Given that there were an estimated 10,000 rodents inhabiting “Rat Island” and the fact that they reproduce rapidly,it was not an easy task.But by 2009,the island was officially declared rat free!

Then slowly but surely,the birds began to return. Unfortunately,some of the pioneers were unintentionally killed from the leavings of the raticide,a poison that had been used to wipe out the rodents.But now it seems things are becoming more stable and the island is starting to increasingly look like its former self.Before the transformation,“Hawadax”,also known as “Rat Island”,was a silent and ghostly place with bird bones,snail remains and rocks covered in rat feces(粪便).

Today,birds' singing and flying in and out is a common sight.Tufted puffins and song sparrows,which had long disappeared,are gradually making their way back.Scientists have also been observing an increase in ground nesting and shore birds.Though the island is still not back to its full glory,the signs are encouraging and things can only get better,as time passes.

1.The underlined word “that” in Paragraph 1 probably refers to ________.

A.birds' being driven out

B.the presence of rats

C.birds' returning to the island

D.residents' worrying about rats

2.Birds on Hawadax Island became an easy target because ________.

A.their chicks were extremely weak

B.they nested randomly

C.they reproduced too rapidly

D.this island was treeless

3.From the passage,we can know the plan of US FWS ________.

A.has helped the island fully recovered

B.cost little but benefited greatly

C.involved poisoning the rats on a large scale

D.accomplished its goal after exactly 24 months

4.Which would be the best title for the passage?

A.FWS help get rare birds back to alaska island

B.Japanese changed a bird paradise into rat island

C.Alaska's rat island returns to a bird paradise

D.FWS plan to drive rats out of rat Island

Here are six steps to better studying.

Pay attention in class

Do you have trouble paying attention in class? Are you sitting next to a loud person? Tell your teacher or parents about any problem that is preventing you from paying attention.

Take good notes

Write down facts that your teacher mentions or writes on the board. Try to use good handwriting so you can read your notes later. It’s a good idea to keep your notes organized by subject.

Plan ahead for tests and projects

Waiting until Thursday night to study for Friday’s test will make it hard to do your best. One of the best ways to make sure that doesn’t happen is to plan ahead. Write down your test dates. You can then plan how much to do after school each day, and how much time to spend on each topic.

Break it up

When there’s a lot to study, it can help to break things into several parts. Let’s say you have a spelling test on 20 words. Instead of thinking about all of the words at once, try breaking them down into five-word groups and work on one or two different groups each night.

Ask for help

You can’t study effectively if you don’t understand the material. Be sure to ask your teacher for help. If you’re at home when the confusion occurs, your mom or dad might be able to help.

Sleep tight

So the test is tomorrow and you’ve followed your study plan—but suddenly you can’t remember anything! Don’t panic. Your brain needs time to digest all the information you’ve given it. Try to get a good night’s sleep and you’ll be surprised by what comes back to you in the morning.

1.We know from the passage that a loud person is ________.

A.a student who always answers questions loudly in class

B.someone who likes to talk with others in a loud voice

C.a student who likes speaking with others in class

D.a person who makes a lot of noise in public places

2.If you don’t understand what you have learnt, you can ________.

A.read your notes over and over again

B.turn to people around you for help

C.put aside the material for later review

D.ask your teacher to explain it the next day

3.By saying “Sleep tight”, what does the author mean?

A.Sleep again after waking up.

B.Sleep holding your breath deep.

C.Get a good night’s sleep.

D.Go to sleep early every night.

I was 20 years old when my mother passed away. It was the first real blow that life had dealt me, and I thought I would never recover. Then, by the time the following spring came, the pain was almost bearable and again I could find pleasure in the miraculous reward of nature.

At first, I went to the cemetery with trepidation. But then, amazingly, by tending her grave and decorating it with flowers, I was ridding myself of the painful memories.

The years passed. I moved from Kaposvar, Hungary, the town where I had been born and had spent my youth. So did my siblings. We only came together on feast days, especially on All Souls’ Day in the cemetery.

Father lived with me for many years, to a ripe old age. Now that he, too, rests beneath the white marble stone, I go even more eagerly to the cemetery. While I tend my parents’ grave site, again I am with them in thought.

One day I noticed a modest grave site behind my parents’ plot. It lay among the magnificent granite and marble markers of the other graves, its very simplicity calling attention to itself. Ivy(长春藤) had covered the site and its only decoration was a simple wooden cross on which was written in copper letters a name, and that she lived 22 years. Whenever I went by, the plot and its surroundings looked cared for and neat, and each time I felt curious about this mysterious woman who had lived all of 22 years.

Once I saw an elderly man leaving from there. I concluded that perhaps he had come to visit his wife. In 1996 I was preparing for All Souls’ Day in the cemetery when again I caught sight of him, tending the grave. Tall, somewhat bent, he was well passed middle age. We nodded to each other and continued our work. Occasionally I stole a glance at my neighbor. When I noticed that he hadn’t got the tools for a proper cleanup, I offered him mine, which he gratefully accepted. After this, it seemed only natural to engage him in conversation. I asked him whose grave it was. This was his answer:

“My mother’s. She died young, in 1912 when I was only a year-and-a half old. I really never knew her. I made her that cross and the copper letters.”

Then he went on:“No one comes to visit this grave but me because I was her only child. She died of pneumonia. My father remarried and my stepmother only cared for her own children. So then I always came here to my mother, whether in sadness or in joy. Later, life took me far afield, but I never forgot this grave. For me it was the same as the family home is for others. I always came home here.”

“With the years passing, it is getting more difficult for me to come, but as long as my legs will carry me, at least twice a year I visit my mother. I’m in my 80s. so who knows how long I can still make it.“

In stunned silence I listened. Tears clouded my eyes as I realized that I had never seen such boundless love. How much easier is my lot, I thought, for at any moment I can reach into my storehouse of memories and draw out the joyful or sad vignettes(小插图) that bind me to my parents with a thousand threads. What memories might this kindly old gentleman harbor? Perhaps a face from an ancient faded photograph of his mother.

What a great attachment throughout his long life must have led him back again and again to the resting place of that young woman whose motherly love he could never truly savor(尝到), only forever feels its enormous lack.

We said good-bye. I was deeply moved because I knew that I had been given a great gift. I had been allowed a glimpse of the royal and long-lasting affection that bound a simple and noble-hearted man to his mother. I decided I would tend the grave together with that of my parents, where, finally, the aged child will have met his youthful mother.

1.All Souls’ Day is a feast day ________.

A. to visit the cemetery and memorize the dead

B. for families to get together in the cemetery

C. to give gifts to family members

D. for daughters and sons to memorize their parents

2.From the passage, we know ________.

A. the author’s mother died young and her father, too

B. the author’s mother is dead while her father enjoys a long life

C. the man’s mother died very young before he was born

D. the author’s father lived long while the man’s mother died very young

3.The underlined words “calling attention to itself” in the 5th paragraph means ________.

A. desiring to be paid attention to

B. making it easily noticed

C. too modest to be noticed

D. calling itself to draw others’ attention

4.The author stole a glance at her neighbor because ________.

A. they were living in the same neighborhood

B. the man was tall and straight, well passed middle age

C. she was wondering about the dead young lady’s story

D. she knew the dead in the grave was the man’s mother

5.From Paragraph 10 we can conclude that ________.

A. the author lived near the cemetery and can visit her parents at any time

B. the poor gentleman had hardly any memory of his dear mother’s love

C. the author is bound to her parents with threads

D. the gentleman comes back “home” whenever he wants to

6.What message is conveyed in the passage?

A. Love is a length of thread to bind mother and children together.

B. Mother needs love from her children even if she is dead.

C. Parents’ love is always royal and long-lasting to children.

D. Mother’s love can be a boundless gift to their children.

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