CANYOUIMAGINEHOWHARDITWOULDBETOREADSENTENCESLIKETHIS? Every one of us gets so used to punctuation marks that not many of us give them a second thought. Actually, the ancient Greeks wrote this way. The 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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CANYOUIMAGINEHOWHARDITWOULDBETOREADSENTENCESLIKETHIS? Every one of us gets so used to punctuation marks that not many of us give them a second thought. Actually, the ancient Greeks wrote this way. The lack of punctuation marks probably didn’t bother good readers, though. As they read, they just put pauses where they fit best. Also at this time, sentences switched directions. A sentence read from left to right. The next one read right to left, and then left to right again, etc. The ancient Romans sometimes punctuated like this: They • put • something • that • can • separate • words • in • a • sentence. The word punctuation actually comes from this idea and the Latin word punctum, which means a dot.

When the 5th century arrived, there were just two punctuation marks: spaces and points. The spaces separated words while the points showed pauses in reading. Then in the 13th century, a printer named Aldus Manutius tried to standardize punctuation. He always used a period for a complete stop at the end of a sentence. He used a slash (/) to indicate a short pause. Over time, that slash was shortened and curled, and it became the modern comma (逗号).

Since that time, other marks have enlarged the punctuation family. The exclamation mark (感叹号) comes from the Latin word io. It means “exclamation of joy.” The question mark originally started out as the Latin word questio, meaning question. Eventually, scholars put it at the end of a sentence to show a question.

Punctuation even keeps changing nowadays. New marks are coming into existence, and old punctuation marks are used in new ways. Take for example the “interrobang”. This 1962 invention combines the question mark and exclamation mark for times when writers want both. For example, “She did what?” or “How much did you pay for that dress?” Obviously, the interrobang is not widely used or recognized yet, but its invention shows that English is not yet finished with its punctuation.

1.From the first paragraph, we can know that _______.

A. good readers had trouble reading without punctuation marks

B. a sentence always read from left to right in ancient Greece

C. ancient Greeks switched the direction of punctuation marks

D. the use of punctuation marks can date back to ancient times

2.The passage is developed _______.

A. by time B. by space

C. by comparison D. by importance

3.We can learn from the passage that _______.

A. ancient Romans didn’t use any punctuation marks

B. exclamation and question marks came from Latin

C. spaces and slashes were already used before the 5th century

D. Aldus Manutius first started to use commas

4.What can be concluded from the last paragraph?

A. The combination of two marks will not work.

B. It takes time for people to accept new punctuation marks.

C. Old punctuation marks need to be standardized.

D. Punctuation marks are still changing today.

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加拿大高中生David在互联网上登出启事，希望结识一位中国朋友，以便学习中国的语言、文化。假设你是李华，请在看到这则启事后，用英文给David发一封电子邮件，主要内容包括：

1. 你怎样得知David的愿望；

2. 你愿意成为他的朋友；

3. 你打算如何帮助他；

4. 你盼望他的回复。

注意事项：1电子邮件的格式已为你写好。2.词数：100词左右。

Dear David,

_______________________________________________________________________________

Yours sincerely,

Li hua

You get anxious if there’s no wi-fi in the hotel or mobile phone signal up the mountain. You feel upset if your phone is getting low on power, and you secretly worry things will go wrong at work if you’re not there. All these can be called “always on” stress caused by smart phone addiction.

For some people, smart phones have liberated them from the nine-to-five work. Flexible working has given them more autonomy(自主权) in their working lives and enabled them to spend more time with their friends and families. For many others though, smart phones have become tyrants (暴君) in their pockets, never allowing them to turn them off, relax and recharge their batteries.

Pittsburgh-based developer Kevin Holesh was worried about how much he was ignoring his family and friends in favour of his iPhone. So he developed an app — Moment — to monitor his usage. The app enables users to see how much time They’re spending on the device and set up warnings if the usage limits are breached (突破). “Moment’s goal is to promote balance in your life,” his website explains. “Some time on your phone, some time off it enjoying your loving family and friends around you.”

Dr Christine Grant, an occupational psychologist at Coventry University, said, “The effects of this ‘always on’ culture are that your mind is never resting, and you’re not giving your body time to recover, so you’re always stressed. And the more tired and stressed we get, the more mistakes we make. Physical and mental health can suffer.”

And as the number of connected smart phones is increasing, so is the amount of data. This is leading to a sort of decision paralysis (瘫痪) and is creating more stress in the workplace because people have to receive a broader range of data and communications which are often difficult to manage. “It actually makes it more difficult to make decisions and many do less because they’re controlled by it all and feel they can never escape the office,” said Dr Christine Grant.

1.What’s the first paragraph mainly about?

A. The popularity of smart phones.

B. The progress of modern technology.

C. The signs of “always on” stress.

D. The cause of smart phone addiction.

2.Kevin Holesh developed Moment to ________.

A. research how people use their mobile phones

B. help people control their use of mobile phones

C. make people better use mobile phones

D. increase the fun of using mobile phones

3.What’s Dr Christine Grant’s attitude towards “always on” culture?

A. Confused.B. Positive.C. Doubtful.D. Critical.

4.According to the last paragraph, a greater amount of data means ________.

A. we will become less productive

B. we can make a decision more quickly

C. we will be equipped with more knowledge

D. we can work more effectively

A recent housing project in Helsinki offers remarkably cheap apartments for those under the age of 25. They must commit to spending time with their older neighbors.

Helsinki offers 247-suqare-foot studio apartments with a bathroom, storage space, kitchen, and balcony for only $272 every month—about a third of the average price for a studio in the city. The apartment is inside homes for the elderly, and the young renter must spend between three to five hours with their elderly neighbors each week.

Like pretty much all other major cities in the world, Finland’s capital of Helsinki has faced rapid population growth in recent years. And with population growth, comes an inevitable rise in the cost of living, and of course, sharp increase in rent. Currently, Helsinki is ranked 14th on the list of the world’s most expensive cities. For those young and freshly independent, this causes terrible problems — even homelessness.

"It's a very expensive city to live in," Mr. Bostrom writes in an email to CNN’s Eoghan Macguire. "If you manage to get an apartment that the city owns, it can be quite affordable. The screening criteria included the ability to participate in a variety of activities, such as cooking or playing instruments, but the number of applicants for those apartments is so high that waiting list takes forever,” he says.

According to Helsinki’s Youth Housing Association, the city council aims to ensure that every young person will have a home by 2018. Miki Mielonen, a representative of the youth department, says this project, currently in its trial stages, will help out young people while offering social benefits to senior citizens. “I think there is quite a rigid opinion in Finland with many people thinking young of the old ideas that we are going to break down.”

1.Helsinki probably rents a cheap apartment to a young man who ________.

A. reaches the age of 25

B. has financial problems

C. promises to accompany the elderly

D. agrees to share it with his neighbor

2.Which is the root reason for the housing problems in Helsinki?

A. The population explosion.

B. The high living standard.

C. World’s priciest apartment rent.

D. Low employment of college graduates.

3.According to Mr Bostrom, the cheap apartments are ________.

A. well-decorated

B. difficult to afford

C. in short supply

D. popular with technicians

4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A. The young in Helsinki are mostly homeless.

B. Helsinki will overcome people’s prejudice.

C. The project will be experimental in future.

D. The project is more beneficial to the young.

“Mama, when I grow up, I’m going to be one of those!” I said this after seeing the Capital Dancing Company perform when I was three. It was the first time that my ____________ took on a vivid form and acted as something important to start my training. As I grew older and was ____________ to more, my interests in the world of dance ___________ varied but that little girl’s dream of someday becoming a __________ in the company never left me. In the summer of 2005 when I was 18, I received the phone call which made that dream a ____________; I became a member of the company ___________ back to 1925.

As I look back on that day now, it surely ___________ any sense of reality. I believe I stayed in a state of pleasant disbelief ___________ I was halfway through rehearsals (排练) on my first day. I never actually ___________ to get the job. After being offered the position, I was completely ___________. I remember shaking with excitement.

Though I was absolutely thrilled with the change, it did not come without its fair share of __________. Through the strict rehearsal period of dancing six days a week, I found it vital to ___________ up the material fast with every last bit of concentration. It is that extreme ___________ to detail (细节) and stress on practice that set us ___________ To then follow those high-energy rehearsals _____________ a busy show schedule of up to five performances a day, I discovered a new __________ of the words “hard work.” What I thought were my physical ___________ were pushed much further than I thought ___________. I learned to make each performance better than the last.

Today, when I look at the unbelievable company that I have the great ____________ of being a part of, not only as a member, but as a dance captain, I see a __________that has inspired not only generations of little girls but a splendid company that continues to develop and grow-and inspires people every day to follow their dreams.

1.A. hobby B. plan C. dream D. word

2.A connected B. expanded C. exposed D. extended

3.A. rarely B. certainly C. probably D. consistently

4.A. director B. trainer C. leader D. dancer

5.A. symbol B. memory C. truth D. reality

6.A. bouncing B. dating C. turning D. tracking

7.A. lacks B. adds C. makes D. brings

8.A. while B. since C. until D. when

9.A. Cared B. Expected C. Asked D. Decided

10.A. motivated B. relaxed C. convinced D. astonished

11.A. challenges B. profits C. advantages D. adventures

12.A. put B. mix C. build D. pick

13.A. Attention B. association C. attraction D. adaptation

14.A. apart B. aside C. off D. back

15.A. over B. by C. with D. beyond

16.A. function B. meaning C. expression D. usage

17.A. boundaries B. problems C. barriers D. efforts

18.A. necessary B. perfect C. proper D. possible

19.A. talent B. honor C. potential D. responsibility

20.A. victory B. trend C. tradition D. Desire

完形填空

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

The other night, I had to go to a meeting, which lasted past my daughter’s bedtime. I _________ home and was brushing my teeth when I _________ , and there on the bathroom mirror was a note in the _________ of a heart. It said, “Hi, Mom! I Love You. Laurel. ” _________ , I cut a heart out of a piece of paper, and pasted(贴) a(n) _________ next to hers, saying, “I Love You, too, Laurel. Love, Mom”, which she _________ the next morning.

Our family has _________ that by integrating(互相) writing into our _________ activities, we become more thoughtful of each other. Meanwhile, our daughter is learning to enjoy writing and becoming a(n) _________ writer.

While teaching in a primary school, I _________ how influential parents can be as children learn to write. _________when our daughter first began to scribble（乱涂）, I became _________ by her work. I offered praise for her _________, for I found that scribbling is far more complex and important than I had _________ . It was obvious that her scribbles, _________ being lovely art objects, showed a lot about her _________ of the world of writing.

Gradually, our family began writing a great deal. I sensed that writing helped Laurel learn _________ to read. As a matter of fact, by _________ my own child and her friends and by reading professional books, I became more and more _________ about how writing develops and how _________ can help children become eager writers.

1.A. left B. returned C. missed D. headed

2.A. turned up B. turned down C. looked up D. looked on

3.A. size B. shade C. model D. shape

4.A. ImmediatelyB. Suddenly C. Finally D. Usually

5.A. pictureB. article C. note D. page

6.A. felt B. wrote C. read D. heard

7.A. found B. imagined C. dreamed D. doubted

8.A. boring B. useful C. daily D. personal

9.A. important B. ordinary C. poor D. skilled

10.A. learned B. regarded C. considered D. discussed

11.A. Yet B. Though C. But D. So

12.A. disappointed B. attracted C. puzzled D. worried

13.A. effects B. efforts C. suggestions D. methods

14.A. cared B. insisted C. realized D. proved

15.A. besides B. far from C. instead of D. less than

16.A. argumentsB. fear C. understandingD. dislikes

17.A. when B. how C. what D. whether

18.A. noticing B. discovering C. checking D. observing

19.A. particularB. clear C. anxious D. crazy

20.A. teachers B. friends C. books D. parents

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文.文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

I should be very pleasant if you could come to my home and stay us for a few days in the summer holidays. My native village is much beautiful. I can imagine the time when we are going to spend together. Every morning they should take a walk in the neighboring hills, which we can enjoy the fresh air and sweet songs singing by the birds. In the afternoon, we shall go for swim in the river. At night we shall sit in the yard, chatting and observe the stars in the sky. Please let me know how you think about the plan. I do look forward to your coming to my home.

假设你叫李华，你的一个朋友John刚从美国归来，邀请你参加本周日在他家举办的朋友聚会，但你不能参加，请你根据以下要点给他写一封电子邮件：

1. 表达想参加的意愿；

2. 忙于准备考试；

3. 由于感冒,身体不适；

4. 表示歉意并另约时间。

注意：可适当添加细节以使行文连贯；词数100左右，开头和结尾已给，不计入总字数。

Dear John,

I’m extremely sorry to tell you that I am unable to go to your party this Sunday.

_______________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Yours truly

Li Hua

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Having bad feeling about world? “Cheer up.” says science writer Matt Ridley. “The world has never been a better place to live in, and it will keep on getting better both for humans and for nature.” 1.

1 ) 2.

It is reported that there are more than ten billion different products for sale in London alone. Even allowing for the many people who still live in poverty, our own generation has access to more nutritious food, more convenient transport, bigger houses, and better cars. 3. This will continue as long as we use these things to make other things. The more we specialize and exchange, the better off we'll be.

2)Brilliant advances

One reason we are richer, healthier, taller, cleverer, longer lived and freer than ever before is that the four most basic human needs—food, clothing, fuel and shelter—have grown a lot cheaper. Take one example. In 1800 a candle providing one hour's light cost six hours' work. In the 1880s the same light from an oil lamp took 15 minutes' work to pay for. 4. Today it's half second.

3 )Let's not kill ourselves for climate change

5. A child that dies from indoor smoke in a village, where the use of fossil-fuel (化石燃料) electricity is forbidden by well-meaning members of green political movements trying to save the world, is just as great a tragedy as a child that dies in a flood caused by climate change. If climate change proves to be mild, but cutting carbon causes real pain, we may well find that we have stopped a nose-bleed by putting a tourniquet (止血带) around our necks.

A. Ridley calls himself a rational optimist—rational, because he's carefully weighed the evidence.

B. Overreaction to climate change could prove just as damaging to human welfare as climate change itself.

C. Shopping fuels invention.

D. And, of course, we earn more pounds and dollars than any who lived before us.

E. In 1950 it was eight seconds.

F. It’s high time that we took immediate action to fight climate change.

G. Here's how he explains his views.

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