题目内容

Do you like football? If so, you can read the following passage and find that it is interesting. In almost every big university in the United States, football is a favorite sport. American football is different. Players sometimes kick the ball, but they also throw the ball and run with it. They try to take it to the other end of the field. They have four chances to move the ball ten yards（码）.
They can carry it or they can throw it. If they move the ball ten yards, they can try to move it another ten yards. If they move it to the end of the field, they receive six points.
It is difficult to move the ball. Eleven men on the other team try to stop the man with the ball. If he does not move the ball ten yards, his team kicks the ball the other team.
Each university wants its own team to win. Many thousands of people come to watch. They all shout for their favorite team. Young men and women come on the field to help the people shout more. They dance and jump while they shout.
Each team plays ten or eleven games each season. The season begins in September and ends in November. If a team is very good, it may play another game after the season ends. The best teams play again on January 1, the first day of the New Year. Many people go to see these games and many others watch them on TV.
小题1: The passage talks about ___________.
A．footballB．how to play football
C．American sportsD．American football
小题2:Why is it difficult to move the ball? Because ___________.
A．ten yards is a long way
B．many men on the other team try not to let the ball come near
C．the playing field is very large
D．eleven men have to catch the ball one by one
小题3: If they _________, the teams will play on January 1.
A．receive six points
B．play eleven games in the season
C．are the best teams
D．move the ball to the end of the field
小题4: Many people come to watch football and they want their team to win. Which of the following is not their act?
A．Jumping.B．Dancing.C．Crying.D．Shouting.

小题1:D
小题2:B
小题3:C
小题4:C

试题分析：文章介绍美式足球的比赛规则和赛季安排，在大学里美式足球是非常受欢迎的。
小题1:主旨题：从第一段的句子：In almost every big university in the United States, football is a favorite sport. 可知这篇文章主要讲的是美式足球。选D
小题2:细节题：从第三段的句子：It is difficult to move the ball. Eleven men on the other team try to stop the man with the ball. 可知对方的球员会想法设法阻止带球的人。选B
小题3:细节题：从最后一段的句子：If a team is very good, it may play another game after the season ends. The best teams play again on January 1, 可知最好的球队会在一月一号比赛。选C
小题4:细节题：从第四段的句子：Young men and women come on the field to help the people shout more. They dance and jump while they shout.可知人们观看比赛不会哭的。选C
点评：文章测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
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McDonald's is the world single biggest food provider with annual sales of around $12.4bn. And the company's symbol Ronald McDonald is now （or so the company claims） the word's most recognized person after Santa Claus.
　　The first McDonald's restaurant was opened in San Bernardino, California, in 1948 by brothers Mac and Richard “Dick” McDonald. Mac ran the restaurant side; Dick was the marketing genius. He had already invented the drive-in laundry and had been the first person to use neon lights in advertising. Now he spotted the gap in the post-war, baby-boom market for cheap, family-orientated restaurants with simple menus, standardized food and efficient service.
　　After a slow start, business began to boom. By 1954, the brothers were joined by another entrepreneur, a kitchen equipment salesman called Ray A Kroc who owned the franchise to the Multimixer, milk shake maker used throughout the McDonald's chain. A year later, Kroc had bought the McDonald brothers' chain of 25 franchises for the equivalent of around $70m（￡44m）. Dick remained with the company until the Seventies, when he and Kroc fell out over Kroc's claim that the chain was his creation.
　　Today, an almost Stalinist cult of personality surrounds Kroc （who died in 1984） at McDonald's, while the brothers who gave the company its name have all but been written out of its history. But though Kroc did not found McDonald's, he was certainly responsible for the empire-building philosophy which led to its world domination. He ushered in such essential contributions to international cuisine as the Big Mac （1968） and the Egg McMuffin （1973）; and helped launch Ronald McDonald —— “in any language he means fun” —— on to television in 1963.
　　Every three hours, a new McDonald's franchise opens somewhere in the world; it can be found in more than 100 countries including India （vegetarian-only to avoid offending the non-beef-eating populace） and Israel （non kosher, despite fierce local objection）. McDonald's chain embodied the thrusting, can-do spirit of Fifties America with staff mottoes such as “If you've got time to lean, you've go time to clean.”
小题1: McDonald's was founded _____.
A．by a kitchen equipment salesman
B．in California.
C．by a marketing genius called Dick McDonald.
D．after the first World War.
小题2:What do we know about McDonald's brothers?
A．They were not McDonald's founders although they named the restaurant.
B．Their business was still in depression after several years.
C．They had clear job separation on business.
D．They sold their restaurant to a salesman in 1954.
小题3: Which is not Kroc's contribution to McDonald's ?
A．He launched the restaurant image Ronald McDonald on to television.
B．Under his lead, international cuisine as the Big Mac and the Egg McMuffin earned worldwide fame
C．He spotted the gap in postwar market for cheap, family-orientated restaurants.
D．He built McDonald's empire with a philosophy which led to its world domination.
小题4:Which statement is true according to the passage?
A．The single biggest food provider was however, not named after its founder
B．The international cuisine as the Big Mac, a beef hamburger, is provided every chain restaurant in the world.
C．Employees in McDonald's have no time to lean.
D．The symbol Ronald McDonald, means fun in any language, is said to the word most recognized person after Santa Claus.
To help make the most of your experience at Auckland Zoo we suggest:
Plan Your Day:
Plan your day to learn more about your favorite zoo animals.
Don’t forget your camera – the best way to capture your visit forever.
Keep Safe at the Zoo:
Children aged 12 years and under need to be accompanied (陪同) by a caregiver.
To keep the safety of our animals, any throwing games are not permitted in the zoo grounds.
The zoo animals are not trained. Do not enter any enclosure (围场), or put any part of your body into an enclosure.
There are a number of natural waterways at the zoo, so please take care of your children at all times.
General Information:
Check out the weather before you come. In winter we suggest you bring a jacket and an umbrella, and in summer, be sure to bring sunscreen and a hat.
Every zoo animal enjoys its own specific: well-balanced food. We hope that you enjoy some great food treats on your zoo visit, but please do not feed any of our animals. Our keepers work strictly on this.
Feel free to take personal photos and make videos. However, any commercial photography or filming needs written permissions from zoo management.
Not all animals are permitted in the zoo grounds. We welcome people with guide dogs, but they must contact us ahead of time about their visit. Please phone the Zoo Information Center on +64(0)9-360-3805.
Smoking is not permitted in covered areas.
Auckland Zoo does not allow entry to any unaccompanied children 12 years and under. If the children are found by themselves, the staff do have the right to call the police.
小题1:When visiting Auckland Zoo, parents should tell their children that _________.
A．they could play throwing games
B．they couldstay close to the animals
C．the zoo animals have been well-trained
D．it’s dangerous to play near the waterways
小题2:The underlined word “this” in the part of “General Information” refers to the fact that ____.
A．zoo animals enjoy their well-balanced food
B．visitors are not allowed to feed animals
C．visitors enjoy their own food treats
D．children offer food to the zoo animals
小题3:The main purpose of the passage is to _________.
A．give people some tips on visiting Auckland Zoo
B．introduce Auckland Zoo animals
C．ask people to stop polluting Auckland Zoo
D．attract people to the zoo
Some years ago, writing in my diary used to be a usual activity. I would return from school and spend the expected half hour recording the day’s events, feelings, and impressions in my little blue diary. I did not really need to express my emotions by way of words, but I gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever recorded on paper. After all, isn’t accumulating memories a way of preserving the past?
When I was thirteen years old, I went on a long journey on foot in a great valley, well-equipped with pens, a diary, and a camera. During the trip, I was busy recording every incident, name and place I came across. I felt proud to be spending my time productively, dutifully preserving for future generations a detailed description of my travels. On my last night there, I wandered out of my tent, diary in hand. The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon, and the walls of the valley looked threatening behind their screen of shadows. I automatically took out my pen…
At that point, I understood that nothing I wrote could ever match or replace the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley. All I remembered of the previous few days were the dull characterizations I had set down in my diary.
Now, I only write in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling. I still love to record ideas and quotations that strike me in books, or observations that are particularly meaningful. I take pictures, but not very often—only of objects I find really beautiful. I’m no longer blindly satisfied with having something to remember when I grow old. I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera, busy preserving the present so as to live it in the future.
I don’t want to wake up one day and have nothing but a pile of pictures and notes. Maybe I won’t have as many exact representations of people and places； maybe I’ll forget certain facts, but at least the experiences will always remain inside me. I don’t live to make memories—I just live, and the memories form themselves.
小题1:Before the age of thirteen, the author regarded keeping a diary as a way of ______.
A．observing her school routineB．expressing her satisfaction
C．impressing her classmatesD．preserving her history
小题2:What caused a change in the author’s understanding of keeping a diary?
A．A dull night on the journey.B．The beauty of the great valley.
C．A striking quotation from a book.D．Her concerns for future generations.
小题3:What does the author put in her diary now?
A．Notes and beautiful pictures.B．Special thoughts and feelings.
C．Detailed accounts of daily activities.D．Descriptions of unforgettable events.
小题4:The author comes to realize that to live a meaningful life is ______.
A．to experience itB．to live the present in the future
C．to make memoriesD．to give accurate representations of it
Four simple keys to transform your life
The power of choice.
Every one of us makes countless choices every day. Every choice we make has an impact on our lives. Even insignificant choices can affect what we experience and how we feel. When hunger strikes, we can reach for a healthy, nutritious snack, or we can choose the sugar high of junk food. The more important the decision, the greater its effect. For instance, how do I act towards that person who treated me badly? Do I generally choose to be passive, or do I actively set clear intentions and create what I want in my life? Every choice we make, however big or small, affects us in some way.
How do you make choices?
If you are interested in living a richer, fuller life, there is a foundation upon which you can base all of your decisions which can make life better not only for you, but also for those around you. This foundation is to choose based on what’s best for all. Imagine a world where every parent, spouse(配偶), friend, teacher, businessperson, and politician truly did their best to choose what’s best for all involved in every decision they made. We would certainly live in a more caring, supportive world.
It’s the intention.
“But how do I know what is really best?” you might ask. The answer is simple. It doesn’t matter. What matters is not the choice you make, but rather the intention behind your choice. What matters is that whatever decision you make, you are clear in your intention of choosing based on what’s best for all. If it later turns out that you made what appears to have been a bad choice, there’s no need for guilt. Knowing that you did your best to choose with a sincere desire for what’s best for all, your conscience stays clear and open. This then allows you to more easily learn from your mistakes, and to live with a clear heart and mind.
What’s best for me, too!
Choosing what’s best does not mean you have to always sacrifice yourself for other. An overly(过度的) exhausted mother can lose her temper easily. Some time off for this mother might seem selfish, yet in the long run, it can help her to be a better mother to her children. So as we move through each day of our lives, let us remember to include ourselves as we do our best to choose what’s best for all.
小题1:According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?
A．Every one of us makes countless choices every day.
B．Every choice, however big or small, has an influence on us.
C．People act differently towards the person who treated them badly.
D．People tend to reach for a junk snack when hunger strikes.
小题2:How should we make choices?
A．To be interested in a richer, fuller life.
B．To make life better for ourselves.
C．To base our choices on what’s best for all.
D．To imagine a world where everyone did their best.
小题3: According to the author, what is really best?
A．The choice you make.B．The intention behind your choice.
C．The mistake you learn from.D．The consequence of your choice.
小题4:To choose what is best for us, we’d better ________.
A．try to be selfish all the timeB．sacrifice ourselves for others
C．set aside some time for ourselvesD．control our temper before children
Being safe in your everyday life needs knowledge(知识)．If you remember the following information，your life will be much safer．
·Always notice the environment around you．You shouldn’t walk alone outside．Make sure where the public phones are．If anything dangerous happens，you can find them easily．
·Your bag should be carried towards the front of your body instead of putting it on your back．When a bus is full of people, it is easy enough for a thief to take away the things in the bag on your back．
·If you are followed by someone whom you don’t know, cross the street and go to the other way，let the person understand that you know he or she is after you．Next，don’t go home at once．You are safer in the street than you are alone in your home or in a lift(电梯)．
· If you have to take a bus to a place far away, try to get to the stop a few minutes earlier before the bus leaves．This stops other people from studying you．On the bus，don’t sit alone．Sit behind the driver or with other people．Don’t sleep．
小题1:Which of the following is NOT safe when you are out?
A．Go home alone late at night．B．Make sure where the public phones are．
C．Don’t get to the bus stop too early．D．Always notice the environment around you．
小题2:You’d better put your bag    when there are too many people on a bus．
A．on your backB．beside you
C．in front of youD．behind the driver
小题3:What can you learn from the text?
A．How to notice the environment around you．
B．How to be safe in your everyday life
C．How to cross the street
D．How to use the public phones
Beat the Burglar
Don’t invite crime---take basic, sensible precautions. Your house and possession are valuable and must be properly protected. When you buy a lock, you buy time. The best prevention is delay and noise which could mean discovery. 
When you leave it---lock it!
First of all, fit security locks to all doors and windows and a safety chain on the front door. Secondly, use them!
If you have any ladders or tools, don’t leave them lying about in the garden, lock them away.
“Safe” or “secret” places for keys and valuables are not reliable --- nine times out of ten, they are the first place a thief will look.
When you move house…
When you move into a new home even if it is fitted with security locks, change them. You don’t know who else may have keys.
Never let strangers into your house. An official-looking cap is not enough, ask for proof of identity and look at it carefully --- if you are still not satisfied, don’t let the person in.
Valuables need special protection
Valuables should really be given special protection --- preferably by leaving them with your bank. A small security safe works too, but not to the most determined burglar. It is also important to keep an up-to-date list of valuables and their descriptions. In the case of fine art, paintings, or jewelry, color photographs can sometimes be of assistance to the police if you are unfortunate enough to have them stolen. Enter the details on the back of the pictures. But don’t keep such documents in your house, keep them at the bank or with your insurance company.
Going on holiday?
Don’t talk about your holidays and future plans loudly in public. Do remember to cancel the milk and newspapers and also to draw curtains back.
Operate a “Good Neighbor” program to ensure that mail is taken in, the house is checked regularly and that lights are put on.
Call at your local police station and tell them you are going away. Make sure that they know how to contact you in case of trouble.
Don’t leave cash or valuables in the house --- take them with you or put them in the bank.
小题1:When moving into a new house, you are supposed to __________.
A．buy a safeB．change the locks
C．visit your neighborsD．stay away from strangers
小题2:Which is the safest way to protect your valuables?
A．Taking pictures of your valuables.
B．Putting your valuables in your safe.
C．Keeping your valuables at the bank.
D．Giving a list of your valuables to the police.
小题3:When you are away for holidays, you __________.
A．should cancel your mail
B．shouldn’t leave your keys to your neighbors
C．shouldn’t make it known that your home is empty
D．should ask the police to check your house regularly
小题4:What is the purpose of the passage?
A．To inform people of safety standards.
B．To introduce the advantages of banks.
C．To prove the importance of security locks.
D．To educate people on prevention of burglars.
For those who are tired of doing the laundry, Samsung has found an answer: a washing machine that can tell you when your laundry is done via a smartphone app (application).
Strange though it may seem — "my wife already does that" was a common response among attendees viewing the device when it was introduced at the Consumer Electronics Show (CES) this week — Samsung is just one of many appliance makers racing to install a large number of internet-connected features in machines in an effort to make them "smart".
Last year, it was a refrigerator that tweeted. This year, it's Wi-Fi-enabled laundry machines and fridges that can tell you when your groceries are going bad.
The washers and dryers, available starting in the spring, connect to any smartphone through a downloadable application. The phone can then be used as a remote control, so the machines can be turned on and off while their owner is at work or on the bus.
Samsung says it's not just something new — the app connection actually has some practical uses.
"If you started to dry clothes in the morning and forgot to take them out, you can go to your phone and restart your dryer for the time when come home, so your clothes are refreshed and ready to go." said spokesperson Amy Schmidt.
The company also says that with electricity rate (电价) varying depending on the time of day, more control over when the machines are used can help save money.
Perhaps, but what they will probably really accomplish is what all good technologies do — enable laziness. Rather than getting up to check on whether the laundry is done, users will instead monitor it on their phones while watching TV.
小题1: What can be inferred from the common response of the attendees at the CES?
A．The machine will be a big success.
B．their wives like doing the laundry.
C．The machine is unrelated to their life.
D．This kind of technology is familiar to them.
小题2:We can conclude from Samsung's statements that ________.
A．the app connection makes life easier
B．it is better to dry clothes in the morning
C．smartphone can shorten the drying time
D．we should refresh clothes back at home
小题3:What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A．The laundry should be frequently checked
B．Lazy people like using such machines
C．Good technologies also cause problems
D．Television may help do the laundry
People who are hit by lightning and survive often have long-term effects. These may include memory loss, sleep disorders, muscle pain and depression.
Experts tell people to seek the safety of a building or a hard-top vehicle any time they hear thunder, even if it is not raining. They say lightning can strike as far as sixteen kilometers from any rainfall. Lightning can travel sideways. And at least ten percent of lightning happens without any clouds overhead that you can see.
People who are outdoors should make sure they are not the tallest thing around. Bend low to the ground, but do not lie down. And do not stand near tall object. Get away from water and anything made of metal. A car is safe, but don’t touch any metal inside.
Safety experts say people in buildings should stay away from anything with wires or pipes that lead to the outside. The National Weather Service says if you plan to disconnect any electronic equipment, do so before the storm arrives. Do not  use a wired telephone. Do not use water. All these can carry electricity.
Some people think a person struck by lightning carries an electrical charge afterward. Experts say this is not true. It is safe to begin emergency treatment
Each year about four hundred people in the United States are struck by lightning. Last year forty four people died. The average is close to seventy. The National Weather Service says that is more than the number of people killed by severe storms.
小题1:According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A．Lightning can happen even if there is no cloud.
B．Lightning can’t strike very far.
C．Lightning can’t travel sideways.
D．Don’t stay in a car when lightning happen.
小题2:We can learn from the passage that________.
A．it’s better to turn off any electronic equipment before the storm arrives.
B．a wired telephone is not safe to use in rainy days.
C．a person struck by lightning is said to carry an electrical charge afterward.
D．severe storms kill more people than lightning does.
小题3:The underlined word ”depression” probably means”_______”.
A．excitementB．a state of being forgettable
C．silenceD．a feeling of being sad
小题4:The passage is mainly about______.
A．where people should stay in case of lightning
B．some common knowledge about lightning safety
C．how lightning travels
D．a report written by the National Weather Service

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