题目内容
14.In the summer of 2014,about 17million people posted videos of themselves dumping (倾倒) ice water over their heads.Even many famous people,including singer-songwriter Taylor Swift,basketball player LeBron James,and former U.S.President George W.Bush,took part.Why did they do such a strange thing?Those in the Ice Bucket Challenge all helped raise awareness (意识) and money to fight amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS),a deadly disease.It is also known as Lou Gehrig's disease,after a famous baseball player who had it.It destroys neurons (nerve cells) that control muscle (肌肉) movement.
Each year,about 5,600people in the U.S.are diagnosed (诊断) with ALS.The disease leads to the inability to move.Many people die two to five years after learning they have it.Right now,there's no right treatment for ALS.But the Ice Bucket Challenge may help lead to one.
"Before the Ice Bucket Challenge,few people knew about this terrible disease,"Jonathan Ling said.He is one of the scientists at Johns Hopkins University in Maryland.His team was unable to complete its research without the money raised through the Ice Bucket Challenge,Ling says.
Through their research,Ling and his team discovered that a protein (蛋白质 ) is damaged in most ALS patients.The scientists also found that nerve cells with these damaged proteins die quickly.But when the scientists put a new protein that acted like the damaged one into the nerve cells,the neurons came back to life!
Thanks to the team's research,experts believe they may be one step closer to a treatment that slows down or even stops ALS.Still,more research needs to be done,Ling admits.With that in mind,the ALS Association is promising that the Ice Bucket Challenge will continue every August until a good treatment is found.
32.What can we learn about ALS?A
A.No one knows how to treat the disease.
B.It is also named after a singer.
C.People will die a few days after they have it.
D.It can make people lose the ability to hear.
33.What might be Ling's attitude to the Ice Bucket Challenge?D
A.Worried.
B.Doubtful.
C.Uninterested.
D.Thankful.
34.According to the text,Ling's teamC
A.knows little about ALS
B.is now short of money
C.has made some progress
D.needs more researchers
35.What would be the best title for the text?B
A.How the Ice Bucket Challenge started
B.The Ice Bucket Challenge and ALS
C.Jonathan Ling,great ALS researcher
D.Some little-known facts about ALS.
分析 本文主要讲述了冰桶挑战以及ALS这种疾病.科学家已经在该疾病的治疗方法上面取得了相应的成就.
解答 32.A 细节题.根据文章内容Right now,there's no right treatment for ALS.到目前为止,仍没有对ALS的有效治疗方式.结合选项,故选A
33.D 细节题.根据文章内容He is one of the scientists at Johns Hopkins University in Maryland.His team was unable to complete its research without the money raised through the Ice Bucket Challenge,Ling says.由此可知,Ling是 Hopkins 大学的科研人员之一.他表示,若没有来自 Ice Bucket Challenge筹集的资金,他们团队就完不成研究工作,因此,他抱有感激之心,结合选项,故选D
34.C 细节题.根据文章内容Thanks to the team's research,experts believe they may be one step closer to a treatment that slows down or even stops ALS专家们认为,多亏了Ling的团队的研究,他们对于这种病的治疗方法有了进一步的进展.由此推断,Ling的团队取得了一些进步,结合选项,故C为正确答案.
35.B 主旨题.根据文章内容,主要讲述了冰桶挑战以及ALS这种疾病.科学家已经取得了相应的成就.结合选项,故选B
点评 本文是一个科教类阅读理解,题目涉及多道细节理解题,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案.推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案,切忌胡乱猜测,一定要做到有理有据.
When I was 50,my weight problem began to affect me(19)C.I didn't want to live the rest of my life with this(20)Bweight any more.
That year,I(21)A a seminar where we were asked to create a project that would touch the world.A seminar leader shared her (22)B story-she had not only lost 125 pounds,but also raised $25,000 for homeless children.
(23)C by her story,I created the As We Heal(痊愈),the World Heals(24)A.My goal was to lose 150 pounds in one year and raise $50,000(25)Da movement founded 30 years ago to end hunger.This combination of healing myself and healing the world(26)D me as the perfect solution.
(27)AI began my own personal weight program,I was filled with the fear that I would(28)B the same difficulties that beat me before.While the (29)D hung over my head,there were also signs that I was headed down the right(30)C.I sent letters to everyone I knew,telling them about my project.It worked perfectly.Donations began (31)Bin from hundreds of people.
Of course,I also took some practical steps to lose weight.I consulted with a physician(内科医生),I hired a fitness coach,and I began to eat small and(32)D meals.My fund-raising focus also gave me new motivation to exercise(33)A.
A year later,I(34)B my goal:I lost 150 pounds and raised $50,000!I feel that I've been given a second life to devote to something that is(35)Cand enormous.
16.A.add | B.mix | C.kill | D.share |
17.A.diets | B.drinks | C.fruits | D.dishes |
18.A.height | B.ability | C.wisdom | D.weight |
19.A.temporarily | B.recently | C.seriously | D.secretly |
20.A.ideal | B.extra | C.normal | D.low |
21.A.attended | B.organized | C.recommended | D.mentioned |
22.A.folk | B.success | C.adventure | D.science |
23.A.Surprised | B.Amused | C.Influenced | D.Disturbed |
24.A.project | B.business | C.system | D.custom |
25.A.in search of | B.in need of | C.in place of | D.in support of |
26.A.scared | B.considered | C.confused | D.struck |
27.A.As | B.Until | C.If | D.Unless |
28.A.get over | B.run into | C.look for | D.put aside |
29.A.excitment | B.joy | C.anger | D.fear |
30.A.row | B.hall | C.path | D.street |
31.A.breaking | B.flooding | C.jumping | D.stepping |
32.A.heavy | B.full | C.expensive | D.healthy |
33.A.regularly | B.limitlessly | C.suddenly | D.randomly |
34.A.set | B.reached | C.missed | D.dropped |
35.A.stressful | B.painful | C.meaningful | D.peaceful |
Like learning disabilities,behavior disorders are hard to diagnose.There are no physical symptoms in the body that are observable or measurable.Behavior disorders are therefore identified by observing behavior patterns in the child over a period of time.If a child displays some of the following behaviors,he may be labeled with a behavior disorder:
◆Aggression and cruelty to people and animals.
◆Destruction of property-defacing or damaging things.
◆Little sympathy and concern for others.
◆Takes no responsibility for behavior.Also lies,cheats and steals easily.
◆Disregards (无视)rules and regulations.
In addition to these general symptoms of a behavior disorder,there are other symptoms characteristic of more specific behavior disorders such as ADHD-this is the inattentive,can't-sit-still behavior.The attention can't last long and the behavior is impulsive at times.The child also seems quite distracted and forgetful.
Behavior disorders come from brain injury,child abuse,and shock,etc.There have also been indications that it could be a genetic disorder.The behavior therefore is an involuntary response to these experiences and the child should not be blamed for his behavior.Since the child has problems controlling his behavior,it stands to reason that his performance in school will be affected.A child with a behavior disorder will feel bad about himself and that low self-esteem will be further worsened by the adults around him who do not treat his condition with understanding and willingness to help.
Behavior disorders are best dealt with by behavior and psychological treatments.But,as with learning disabilities,accurate diagnosis is important and this must be over a length of time.It is also important in trying to modify the behavior to be clear about what is the behavior you are expecting.Make sure it is a rational expectation.For example,expecting a three-year-old to sit quietly through a long church service may not be reasonable,or demandi ng that a six-year-old does extra home work after a long day of school and extra curricular activities may be stretching the child's concentration and attention too far.Since some behavior disorders result from shocking and upsetting life experiences or brain injury,treatments should include helping the child to resolve and heal emotionally from the experience.The behavior could be corrected through emotional healing.In other words,when a human being is emotionally healthy,that is,can be aware of his intelligence and enthusiasm for life and his loving connectedness to other human beings,he automatically"behaves"rationally.
Title:Behaviour Disorders
Passage outline | Supporting details |
(68)Details of a behaviour disorder | A person may be considered to have a behaviour disorder when he behaves apparently (69)differentlyfrom others. |
Symptoms of a behavior disorder | Being(70)aggressiveand showing no mercy to animals and other people Tending to do damage to things around him Having little sympathy or concern for others Failing to(71)answerfor what he has done and not being honest Lacking the awareness of(72)obeying/observingrules and regulations Having difficulty concentrating on something for long |
Factors (73)resultingin behaviour isorders | Some outside forces may lead to a behaviour disorder. A genetic disorder giving rise to a behaviour disorder has also been found. |
(74)waysto deal with behaviour disorders | Behaviour treatment:diagnosing such a disorder (75)accuratelyand modifying the disordered behaviour in a rational way. Psychological treatment:attaching importance to improving the patient's emotional (76)health,thus,developing a proper self-esteem. |
Conclusion | A behaviour disorder isn't nearly (77)easyto diagnose from physical symptoms,but it can be dealt with in behaviour and psychological ways. |
A. | It never occurred to | B. | That never occurred to | ||
C. | It never occurred with | D. | That never occurred for |
---__________.You're already making progress and will surely learn it well.( )
A. | Don't be silly. | |
B. | Don't take things for granted | |
C. | Don't put the cart before the horse | |
D. | Don't take it too hard |
-________.Is there anyone so particular like you?( )
A. | Take it or leave it | B. | Can't complain too much | ||
C. | Go ahead | D. | Cheer up |
-______.I'm being served.( )
A. | Oh,you are a nice girl | B. | Thank you all the same | ||
C. | You're welcome | D. | That's all right |