题目内容

The cultures of the East and the West really distinguish from each other a lot. This is because the culture systems are two separate systems _________.

The origin of the eastern cultures is mainly from two countries: China and India. Both of the two cultures are gestated(孕育) by _______. In China, the mother river is the Yellow River_______the Indian one is the Hindu River. These two cultures were _______ for several thousand years and formed their own styles. Then in the Tang Dynasty of China, the Chinese culture_______went overseas to Japan, _______into the Japanese society and_______ the Japanese culture nowadays. Though a bit different from the Chinese one, it _______to the same system.

When the two mother rivers gave birth to the eastern culture, another famous culture was _______on the Mesopotamian Plain(美索不达米亚平原)—the Mesopotamian Civilization. This civilization later on developed into the cultures of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. And these two are well-known as the________of the European culture.__________ the Chinese culture, the European one also__________waters.When the colonists of England __________in America, their culture went with them over, the Atlantic Ocean. So the American culture doesn't ________from the European one a lot.

At the same time, the________of the language systems adds to the cultural differences. In the East, most languages belong to the pictographic (象形文字的) language while the Western languages are________based on the Latin system, for example, the one I’m using to write this paper.

Other factors like human race difference________ as well. However, ________the far distance and the steep areas between the East and West, the two cultures seldom________until recent centuries. ________, they grew up totally in their own ways with almost no-interference(干扰) from the other.

1.A. in all B. above all C. in no case D. on the whole

2.A. rivers B. lakes C. mountains D. plains

3.A. or B. for C. while D. when

4.A. improved B. developed C. created D. protected

5.A. gradually B. naturally C. suddenly D. quietly

6.A. changed B. mixed C. decided D. forced

7.A. expanded B. interrupted C. shaped D. influenced

8.A. comes B. belongs C. amounts D. adds

9.A. carried out B. given out C. brought up D. picked up

10.A. base B. sign C. result D. content

11.A. With B. Like C. Via D. Except

12.A. crossed B. formed C. affected D. spread

13.A. went up B. joined up C. settled down D. broke down

14.A. differ B. suffer C. result D. come

15.A. feature B. development C. appearance D. distinction

16.A. simply B. mostly C. properly D. partly

17.A. counts B. reduces C. lasts D. changes

18.A. in term of B. in case of C. due to D. as to

19.A. communicate B. distinguish C. transform D. display

20.A. However B. Furthermore C. Meanwhile D. Therefore

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Metrorail(地铁)

Each passenger needs a farecard to enter and go out .Up to two children under age five may travel free with a paying customer.

Farecard machines are in every station .Bring small bills because there are no change machines in the stations and farecard machines only provide up to $5 in change.

Get one ticket of unlimited Metrorall rides with a One Day Pass .Buy it from a farecard machine in Metro stations .Use it after 9:30 a,m. until closing on weekdays , and all day on weekends and holidays .

Hours of service

Open: 5a.m. Mon.-Fri. 7a.m. Sat.-Sun.

Close: midnight Sun.-Thurs. 3a.m. Fri.-Sat. nights

Last train times vary .To avoid missing the last train, please check the last train times posted in stations.

Metrobus

When paying with exact charge , the fare is $1.35.When paying with a SmarTripcard , the fare is $ 1.25.

Fares for senior/disabled customers

Senior citizens 65 and older and disabled customers may ride for half the regular fare. On Metrorail and Metrobus , use a senior/disabled farecard or SmarTripcard .For more information about buying senior /disabled farecard , SmarTripcards and passes , please visit MetroOpensDoors .com or call 202-637-7000and 202-637-8000.

Senior citizens and disabled customers can get free guide on how to use proper Metrobus and Metrorall services by calling 202-962-1100.

Travel tips

·Avoid riding during weekday rush periods –before 9:30 a.m. and between 4and 6p.m.

·If you lose something on a bus or train or in a station, please call Lost &Found at 202-962-1195,

1.What should you know about farecard machines?

A. They start selling tickets at 9:30 a.m.

B. They are connected to change machines .

C. They offer special service to the elderly .

D. They make change for no more than $5.

2.At what time does Metrorail stop service on Saturday ?

A. At midnight .

B. At 3 a.m.

C. At 5 a.m.

D. At 7a.m.

3.What is good about a SmarTripcard ?

A. It is convenient for old people.

B. It saves money for its users.

C. It can be bought at any train.

D. It is sold on the Internet.

Melbourne, Australia

Melbourne is a hot-spot travel destination, and it’s easy to see its beautiful beaches and busy city life.

Why it’s a great choice: Australia as a whole is considered a safe destination for international travel, and because of that, many solo travelers go there as an English-speaking country, you won’t be faced with any language barriers. Melbourne is easy to get around because you can walk or bike practically anywhere!

Thailand

Thailand is great for solo travelers—perhaps because it is one of the Buddhist mindsets, which promote equality among the sexes.

Why it’s a great choice: Thailand is known for its friendly atmosphere, and as a travel hot-spot, there are plenty of chances to meet other like-minded travelers. It is well known for being very cheap, especially in the north. It is a good choice if you want to get away on a budget. Thailand has a lot to offer, from the party-central Bangkok to beautiful beaches and tropical(热带)jungle.

Hong Kong, China

Hong Kong is a great place to relax for solo travelers as it is full of “Zen moments,” such as beautiful gardens and Tai Chi classes.

Why it’s a great choice: Hong Kong is regarded as one of the safest cities in the world. If you’re not well-traveled, or perhaps a bit tired of things like language barriers, Hong Kong is a great place to start, as it mixes both Eastern and Western at the same time.

Bali, Indonesia

Bali is a spiritual place with yoga, spas, healthy food and beaches. The combination of friendly people and splendidly visual culture has made Bali Indonesia number one tourist attraction.

Why it’s so great: You won’t be the only solo traveler in Bali. Everyone is known for being extremely friendly and you’re sure to meet some amazing characters along the way. As a Hindu island, Bali is the perfect place for a relaxing and spiritual retreat(静修). The Sacred Monkey Forest in Ubud is fantastic—if you like monkeys, anyway.

1.What do the four places have in common according to the text?

A. They offer good spas and yoga.

B. There’re no language barriers.

C. They’re great for solo travelers.

D. They’re cheap to travel around.

2.Where can you enjoy both convenient transport and beautiful beaches?

A. Melbourne, Australia. B. Thailand.

C. Hong Kong, China. D. Bali, Indonesia.

3.What has made Bali Indonesia No.1 tourist attraction?

A. Yoga, spas, healthy food and beaches.

B. Meeting some amazing characters along the way.

C. Fantastic monkeys in the Sacred Monkey Forest.

D. Friendly people and splendidly visual culture.

As an elementary school student in New York City, Robert Lee would stare in disbelief at his classmates throwing away half-eaten sandwiches after lunch. His Korean immigrant parents had taught him and his older brother not to waste food.

While studying finance and accounting at New York University, Robert remembered this lesson and joined Two Birds One Stone, a food-rescue club on campus that delivered, five days a week, uneaten pasta, vegetables, and other leftovers from the dining hall to nearby homeless shelters.

When Robert and fellow club member Louisa Chen entered a college entrepreneurship(创业) contest, they proposed a slightly different idea for a food-rescue nonprofit group: Their program wouldn’t have a donation minimum (meaning they would gladly pick up one bag of leftover bagels or a single pot of soup), would operate seven days a week, and would be run entirely by volunteers.

Their idea won the competition. With the $1,000 prize, they founded Rescuing Leftover Cuisine (RLC) in July 2013. In just the first few weeks, Robert’s team delivered a donation of enough spaghetti and meatballs to feed 20 people in line at a New York City homeless shelter that had run out of food.

Robert, who had taken a job at J.P. Morgan, devoted his spare time to creating a network of New York City restaurants that agreed to donate food, and he found volunteers to make food deliveries to homeless shelters. After RLC received national press attention, homeless shelters and soup kitchens in Portland, Oregon, Washington, DC and other cities reached out to Robert for partnership advice. To date, RLC has distributed more than 250,000 pounds of food in 12 cities around the country.

Only a year into his finance job, Robert gave up his six-figure salary to focus on RLC. “I compared one hour of impact at J.P. Morgan to one hour at RLC, and the difference was just huge,” he says. He’s now the group’s only full-time employee.

“One shelter recently told us that our donations allow them to provide entire dinners for more than 300 people, three nights a week,” Robert says. “Things like that make me glad I quit my job.”

1.Which of the following statements about RLC is NOT true?

A. It became successful immediately.

B. It has attracted nationwide attention.

C. It was started from a food-rescue club.

D. It delivers food to shelters by volunteers.

2.Where did Robert get the money to found RLC?

A. He saved money in college.

B. He won the prize at a competition.

C. He borrowed money from his friend

D. He received donations from restaurants.

3.Why did Robert quit his job at J.P. Morgan?

A. He couldn’t make as much money as he hoped.

B. The job at J.P. Morgan takes too much of his time.

C. RLC needs a full-time employee to develop its business.

D. Working for RLC is more meaningful than for J.P. Morgan

4.According to Robert, which of the following words best describes the job at RLC?

A. rewarding B. surprising

C. tiring D. exciting

He wrote that the “human mind is capable of excitement without the application of unpleasant and violent stimulants(兴奋剂,刺激物)”. And it appears that simply reading these words by William Wordsworth proves his point.

Researchers at the University of Liverpool found the works of Shakespeare and Wordsworth and the like had a beneficial effect on the mind, making it active and excited by catching the reader’s attention and leading to moments of self-reflection.

Using scanners, they monitored the brain activity of volunteers as they read pieces of classical English literature both in their original form and in a modern translation. And, according to the Sunday Telegraph, the experiment showed the more challenging writing and poetry set off far more electrical activity in the brain than the simple readings.

The research also found poetry, in particular, increased activity in the right brain, an area concerned with “autobiographical memory”, which helped the reader to reflect on their own experiences in light of what they had read. The academics said this meant the classics were more useful than self-help books.

The brain responses of 30 volunteers were monitored in the first part of the research as they read Shakespeare in its original and modern form. In one example, volunteers read a line from King Lear, “A father and a gracious aged man: him have you madded”, before reading the simpler, “A father and a gracious aged man: him you have enraged”. Shakespeare's use of the adjective “mad” as a verb caused a higher level of brain activity than the straightforward translation.

The next part of the research is looking at the extent to which poetry can affect psychology and provide benefit, Volunteers’ brains were scanned while reading four lines by Wordsworth, and four “translate” lines were also provided. The result showed that the first version caused a greater degree of brain activity.

“Poetry is not just a matter of style. It is a matter of deep versions of experience that add the emotional and biographical to the cognitive(认知的),” said Professor Davis, leader of the researchers.

1.The words by William Wordsworth in Paragraph 1 are used to ________.

A. prove the poet’s point B. introduce the topic

C. serve as an example D. stress the importance of reading

2.What is the beneficial effect of reading classics on the mind?

A. It activates the reader’s mind B. It reflects the reader’s experience

C. It catches the reader’s attention D. It monitors the reader’s brain activity

3.What method is mainly used in the experiment?

A. Comparing responses. B. Analyzing data.

C. Observing activities. D. Testing ability.

4.According to Professor Davis, poetry can affect the mind mainly because of ________.

A. its style B. its meaning C. its depth D. its writer

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