题目内容

【题目】For lots of people in Britain, the 31st of December, or New Year’s Eve as we call it, is the biggest party of the year. It’s a time to get together with friends or family and welcome in the coming year. New Year’s Eve parties can take place at a number of different places. Some people hold a house party; others attend street parties, while some just go to their local for a few drinks with their mates. Big cities, like London, have large and wonderful fireworks shows.

There’s one thing that all New Year’s Eve parties have in common: the countdown(倒计时) to midnight. When the clock strikes()twelve, people give a loud cheer, and give each other a kiss. They then link arms and sing a song called Auld Lang Syne, by a Scottish poet called Robert Burns. Not many people can remember all the words of the song, but the tune(旋律) is well known, so lots of people just hum along. The parties then continue into the early hours of the morning with lots of dancing and drinking. Other people might spend the day visiting relatives or friends they haven’t managed to catch up with for a while. Whatever happens, New Year’s Day tends to be very relaxed.

In Britain, it’s popular to make a promise to yourself about something you are going to do, or want to stop doing, in the New Year. This is called a New Year’s resolution. Typical resolutions include giving up smoking and joining a gym to get fit. However, the promise is often broken quite quickly and people are back into their bad habits within weeks or days.

New Year’s Day is the last bank holiday of the festive season, which means most people have to go to work the next day: bright and fresh and ready for the new year ahead!

【1】New Year’s Eve parties in Britain ________.

A. end at midnight

B. can only be held indoors

C. only take place in big cities

D. include countdown to midnight

【2】The underlined word hum in Paragraph 2 probably means________.

A. dancing to the music

B. singing with your mouth closed

C. learning to sin

D. keeping silent

【3】What does the author think of the New Year’s resolution?

A. It can help people keep fit.

B. It’s a promise to your family.

C. It’s often hard to keep.

D. It’s a joke played on New Year’s Day.

【4】What is the main idea of the passage?

A. New Year parties in Britain.

B. New Year countdown in Britain.

C. New Year’s resolution in Britain.

D. New Year celebration in Britain.

【答案】

【1】D

【2】B

【3】C

【4】D

【解析】

试题分析:本文讲述了:在英国,人们庆祝新年的方式。

【1】D细节信息题。根据前两段可知,新年前夜的party会持续到将近第二天的清晨(排除A.);可以在不同的地方进行,不仅仅是在室内(排除B.);也并非只在大城市才有(排除C);而第二段第一句There’s one thing that all New Year’s Eve parties have in common: the countdown(倒计时) to midnight.则直接说明,新年前夜的party都有午夜倒计时/迎新倒计时这个环节,故该题正确答案为D.

【2】B词意猜测题。根据其语境可知,并不是很多人都记得完整的歌词,但是歌的旋律确是众人所熟知的,所以很多人会一起哼唱,故该题正确答案为B.

【3】C细节推理题。根据倒数第二段最后一句However, the promise is often broken quite quickly and people are back into their bad habits within weeks or days.可知,对自己的承诺——新年的决心,往往很难很难遵守/实现。故该题正确答案为C.

【4】D主旨大意题。通读全文可知,该篇文章简述的是在英国,人们庆祝新年的方式,故该题正确答案为D. 而A.B.C.均为其庆祝方式的一种,即片面。

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【题目】Conventional wisdom says that hardship can make us old before our time. In fact, a new study suggests that violence not only leaves long-term scars on childrens bodies, but also changes their DNA, causing changes that are equal to seven to ten years of premature aging.

Scientists measured this by studying the ends of childrens chromosomes(染色体), called telomeres, says Idan Shalev, lead author of a study published in Molecular Psychiatry.

Telomeres are special DNA sequences which prevent the DNA in chromosomes from separating. They get shorter each time a cell divides, until a cell cannot divide any more and dies.

Several factors have been found to shorten telomeres, including smoking, radiation and psychological stresses such as being treated badly when young and taking care of a chronically ill person.

In this study, researchers examined whether exposure to violence could make childrens telomeres shorten faster than normal. They interviewed the mothers of 236 children at ages 5, 7 and 10, asking whether the youngsters had been exposed to domestic violence between the mother and her partner; physical maltreatment by an adult; or bullying. Researchers measured the childrens telomeresin cells obtained by swabbing the insides of their cheeksat ages 5 and 10.

Telomeres shortened faster in kids exposed to two or more types of violence, says Shalev. Unless that pattern changes, the study suggests, these kids could be expected to develop diseases of aging, such as heart attacks or memory loss, seven to 10 years earlier than their peers.

Shalev says there is hope for these kids. His study found that, in rare cases, telomeres can lengthen. Better nutrition, exercise and stress reduction are three things that may be able to lengthen telomeres, he says.

The study confirms a small but growing number of studies suggesting that early childhood adversity imprints itself in our chromosomes, says Charles Nelson, a professor of pediatrics and neuroscience at Harvard Medical School.

【1The new study found that ________.

A. hardship can change a childs aging

B. violence leaves scars on a childs mind

C. violence can speed up a childs aging

D. hardship has a long term effect on a childs mind

【2According to the text, telomeres ________.

A. are at the ends of peoples chromosomes

B. can help prevent DNA from separating

C. can make a cell die quickly

D. become shorter before they die

【3Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?

A. Violence can cause quick cell division in childrens body.

B. Researchers measured the childrens telomeres from their legs in the study.

C. Being treated badly will make a childs telomeres shorten faster.

D. Children who have shorter telomeres may have a heart attack earlier.

【4What is the best title for the text?

A. Violence Aging Childrens DNA

B. Childrens Changing DNA Patterns

C. Violence and Telomeres

D. The Function of Telomeres

【题目】A good deal of fascinating research has been done about the reading patterns of young people,and it is surprising to discover at what an early age children start expressing preferences for particular kind of books. A recent report,which examined in detail the reading habits of primary-school children.showed that even seven-year-old boys and girls have clear views about what they want to read. Girls,in general,read more,and far more girls than boys preferred reading stories. Boys were showing a taste for the more instant appeal of picture stories,or else books about their hobbies.

These tastes continue unchanged until the children are teenagers. Apparently girls read more in general,but more fiction in particular .You could say that there are more opportunities for girls to read fiction:magazines encourage the fiction habit in girls in their early teens,and by their late teens they have probably moved on to the adult women’s magazines.Teenage boys tend to buy magazines about their hobbies:motorcycles,heavy transport and to on.

Adult reading tastes are also the subject of research.Again the number of women who read for pleasure is considerably higher than the number of men. It seems that the majority of women still want love stories.There has also been some analysis of what men actually read Apparently only 38 percent of men read anything,but 50 percent of what they read is fiction in the form of action-packed(内容丰富有趣的)stories of space or gunmen

【1】 What has the recent research into children’s reading show?

A. Children begin to read very fast at an early age

B. Children examine in detail what they read at school

C.Children can read clearly in primary schoo1.

D. Children form their reading tastes by the time they are seven

【2】If we have a close look at the reading habits of boys and girls we’ll find that_______

A.girls are more interested in fiction than boys

B. girls are more interested in action-packed stories than boys

C .boys read much more than girls

D.boys have no interest in fiction

【3】It can be inferred from the passage that_________.

A.boys change their reading tastes more often than girls

B.people usually do not change their reading tastes when they grow up

C.boys and girls form their reading habits by reading magazines

D. people have no definite(确切的)reading tastes

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