题目内容

Eye contact is a nonverbal (非言语表达的)technique that helps the speaker “sell” his or her ideas to an audience. Besides its persuasive powers, eye contact helps hold listener interest. A successful speaker must maintain eye contact with an audience. To have good rapport(关系) with listener, a speaker should maintain direct eye contact for at least 75 percent of the time. Some speakers focus exclusively （唯一的）on their notes. Others gaze over the heads of their listeners. Both are likely to lose audience interest and esteem. People who maintain eye contact while speaking, whether from a podium(演讲台) or from across the table, are “regarded not only as exceptionally well-disposed by their target but also as more believable and earnest.”

To show the potency (力量，效应)of eye contact in daily life, we have only to consider how passers-by behave when their glances happen to meet on the street. At one extreme are those people who feel obliged to smile when they make eye contact. At the other extreme are those who feel awkward and immediately look away. To make eye contact, it seems, is to make a certain link with someone.

Eye contact with an audience also lets a speaker know and monitor the listeners. It is, in fact, essential for analyzing an audience during a speech. Visual clues(暗示) from audience members can indicate that a speech is dragging, that the speaker is dwelling on (to think, speak, or write a lot about) a particular point for too long, or that a particular point requires further explanation. As we have pointed out, visual feedback from listeners should play an important role in shaping a speech as it is delivered.

1. This passage is mainly concerned with ______.

A. the importance of eye contact　　　 B. the potency of nonverbal techniques

C. successful speech delivery　　　　　　 D. an effective way to gain visual feedback

2. According to the passage, a good speaker must ______.

A. “sell” his or her ideas to an audience　　　 B. maintain direct eye contact with listeners

C. be very persuasive and believable　　　 D. be exceptionally well-disposed

3. The word “target” in the last sentence of the first paragraph can best be replaced by ______.

A. “destination”　 B. “goal”　 C. “audience”　　 D. “followers”

4. In daily life, when the glances of two passers-by happen to meet, these two persons will inevitably(不可避免地) ______.

A. smile to each other　　　　　　　　 B. feel awkward and look away immediately

C. try to make a conversation with each other　 D. none of the above

 

 

1—4 ABCD

 

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Many parents find that their children act very mean to their friends．They wonder what they can do about this behavior without squashing their spirit．Here is what parenting experts explain and suggest：
Pre-schoolers have no idea how others feel．They are in the process of understanding their own feelings and have not yet developed “emotional intelligence”．Children of this age also do things just because it can make them feel powerful when they are able to make others respond．
Here are some things you can do to reduce the mean talk：When the child’s in a good mood, look her in the eyes and lovingly tell her how you feel when she speaks in a mean way to another child．Have a look of disappointment on your face and role-play with her to show her the behavior you would like to see．Then, every time you see her demonstrating the “nice” interaction with others, stop what you’re doing, give her eye contact and make a big deal out of it．Young children need to know what good behavior looks like with regular encouragement．When you catch her being mean to a child, get down on your knees next to her, and, with your arm around her, face the child that is receiving her meanness, and apologize to the child for both of you, then walk away．As soon as the other child is away, let your daughter know how disappointed you are in her behavior and quickly let it go．
Parents should set up a consequence when this negative behavior occurs．You can give these other ideas a try first．If you’re not seeing any results after a few times, then go ahead and set up the consequence (such as not being able to play with that child)．Avoid using “time out” because it doesn’t work．It gives the child too much power and too much attention．The most effective consequences are those that are directly tied to the behavior．If she is being mean to children, then the play session ends．And most importantly, set up this consequence in advance when the negative behavior is NOT occurring．
If you should catch her being a “bully” to another child, and she has somehow hurt him or her, immediately put all your attention on the victim, not her．Don’t scold or punish your daughter．Softly, gently, and immediately, nurture the hurt child and get your daughter to assist you in the nurturing．When things have calmed down, let her know face to face how disappointed you are in her behavior, not her as a child．
68．When a child talks mean to his friend, the best way to correct it is to ________．
A．tell him directly that it is a wrong doing             B．demonstrate what a good behavior is
C．make him apologize to his friend                         D．ask his friend not to play with him any more
69．The underlined phrase “make a big deal out of it” in paragraph 3 probably means ________．
A．show some disappointment                                  B．say a few words of praise
C．exchange gifts with the child                                D．present a surprised look
70．When dealing with a child’s mean action, you shouldn’t _______．
A．punish her in the presence of her friend            B．put on a disappointed look on your face
C．tell her that you are unhappy to see that          D．nurture the hurt child immediately
71．The passage is mainly about how to _______．
A．bring up children                                                       B．solve pre-school children’s problems
C．help children make friends                                     D．guide children when bad behaviors occur

A firm handshake is the key to interview success. As any serious job-hunter knows, it helps to dress smartly and smile at that all-important interview. But research has showed that a firm handshake is what really matters when it comes to impressing potential employers.
A US research looked at 98 undergraduates taking part in mock（模拟）interviews with businesses. As each undergraduate was graded on their general performance, five “handshake raters（评估人）” also marked them on their grasp, strength, duration, vigor and eye contact.
Professor Greg Stewart, from the University of Iowa, who led the study, said those who scored highly with the handshake raters were also considered to be the most hirable by the interviewers. Students with “wimpy” shakes were judged to be more timid（胆怯的）and less impressive.
The study also found women with a firm handshake were likely to be evaluated more favorably than their male counterparts.
Professor Stewart said: “We’ve always heard that interviewers make up their mind about a person in the first two or three minutes of an interview. But we found that the first impression begins with a handshake that sets the tone for the rest of the interview. We don’t consciously remember a person’s handshake but it is one of the first non-verbal（非语言的）clues we get about the person’s general personality, and that impression is what we remember.”
Women were less likely to have a highly rated handshake, partly because traditionally they shake hands less than men. But when women did possess a firm handshake, they were likely to be evaluated more favorably than their male counterparts.
Body language experts warn, however, that the firmness needs to be just right, —as an overenthusiastic “bone crusher” handshake can indicate self-importance, a controlling personality and a lack of reliability.
The handshake is thought to have originated in medieval Europe as a way for kings and knights to show that they did not intend to harm each other and possessed no hidden weapons.
【小题1】The passage is probably intended for_______.

A．job-hunters B．an undergraduate C．employers D．handshake raters
【小题2】Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A．The firmer your handshake is the better impression you leave.
B．The undergraduates without a firm handshake are less competitive.
C．Generally speaking, women shake hands less with others.
D．The handshake dates back to medieval Europe.
【小题3】What is the main idea of the passage?
A．The handshake determines a person’s personality.
B．A successful job interview starts with a firm handshake.
C．The first few minutes of the interview really counts.
D．Job interview success depends on a number of factors.


My 8-year-old daughter is making an experiment. She has been making her own colorful smile cards and often takes them with her everywhere.
Last Sunday, I took my kid to go shopping with me. She was hoping to see John, who is an elderly man and gives out samples. We see him from time to time and he is so happy and friendly. John wasn’t at the store on Sunday, so my daughter decided that it would be a good idea to distribute her smile cards to the store’s other employees.
So she did. In the produce department, she gave a card to a young man and she hoped it would make him smile. And he smiled at her and thanked her. Then she came across an older gentleman who looked rather impatient. And she snuck a card into his cart on top of his groceries, remarking to me later that he looked at her suspiciously as if she was dumping trash in his cart. But I thought he would be happy later.
When we got back from our shopping trip, she had run out of cards. She was walking by a woman with two babies in her cart. My daughter smiled at her and the young mother smiled back. My daughter came to me and said excitedly, “Mom, I just realized something. You don’t need cards to make someone smile. All you need to do is make eye contact and smile into their eyes and they will smile back.” 
What a beautiful lesson my daughter reminded me of. You are never too young or too old to experiment with kindness and smiles.
【小题1】At first, the writer’s daughter made an experiment by ______.

A．giving smile cardsB．giving samples
C．making eye contactD．giving groceries
【小题2】According to the text, John was a man ______.
A．who is very young and livelyB．who may be a salesman
C．who is in trouble and needs smilesD．who is never seen to smile
【小题3】The underlined word “distribute” in paragraph 2 probably means ______.
A．make upB．tear upC．give outD．sell out
【小题4】From the text, we can learn that ______.
A．John got a smile card from the writer’s daughter
B．the older gentleman would smile later after he got the smile card
C．we could make others smile only by giving them what they wanted
D．the mother with two babies smiled because she got a smile card

根据短文内容，从下框的A~F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

A. Sitting at the back means fewer food options.

B. Flight attendants get paid only for flight hours.

C. Flight attendants’ job is to keep passengers safe.

D. Flight attendants might water down your drinks.

E. Flight attendants are trained to identify criminals.

F. The seat-belt sign is “on” far longer than necessary.

Things An Air Hostess Won't Tell You

To make things a bit easier for them and ensure a smooth flight, many Flight attendants have little tricks under their sleeves. Here are some of them which they won't tell you out of sheer politeness.

1.__________

Contrary to what most people think, a flight attendant's primary job is to ensure your safety - the helping and serving part of their job are just add-ons. If they are assisting you with your luggage, it is to make sure it is stored properly and does not harm anyone. They are not required to lift your bags or help you take them elsewhere. All the other assistance, such as providing you with a drink, handing you hot towels, etc., are to make sure you stay calm and satisfied.

2.__________

As unfair as it may seem, the time that a flight attendant spends in getting the plane ready, settling you down, etc., is not included in their salary. They do, however, receive some expense allowance(津贴) for the entire time they clock in - it is a pretty small income though

3.__________

If a flight attendant feels a passenger is ordering too many drinks, and getting drunk, they might avoid serving him/her by avoiding eye contact. When that fails, they might just fill the glass half-way or give him/her a diluted (稀释的) drink

4.__________

A number of training programs and workshops exist to train flight attendants in different aspects. As some people are using flights more and more to smuggle (走私), flight attendants are being regarded as the first line of defense against this heinous （邪恶的）crime. The benefits are already evident - a number of dangers are avoided, thanks to alert(警惕的) flight attendants on board

5.__________

This is a bit unfortunate for those sitting at the back of the plane, but nevertheless true. As the attendants start serving from the front of the plane to the back, the variety of drinks or meals might go down. This is because a plane has limited space, only a certain number of items can be stored, and by the time they get to the back of the plane, they run out of at least a few of the options.

 

根据短文内容，从下框的A～F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项

A.Suggestions on having interviews

B.Be yourself

C.Listen before talking

D.Use your eyes and smile

E.Focus your energy

F.Qualities of good communication

1._________

Good communication is vital in modern society. We know that much of the communication is unspoken. Consciously or unconsciously, we show our true feelings with our eyes, faces, bodies and attitudes. Your good qualities can make good communication. The personal qualities include physical appearance, energy, rate of speech, pitch and tone of voice, gestures, expressiveness of eyes, and the ability to hold the interest of others. What should we do so that our communication will be effective? Here are my suggestions.

2._________

Firstly, the trick is to be consistently you, at your best. The most effective people never change character from one situation to another. They’re the same whether they’re having a conversation with their close friends, addressing their garden club or being interviewed for a job. They communicate with their whole being.

3._________

Secondly, whether you’re talking to one person or one hundred, always remember to look at them. Don’t break eye contact while talking. As you enter a room, move your eyes comfortably, then look directly at those in the room and smile. This shows clearly that you are at ease. Smiling is important. The best type of smile and eye contact is gentle and comfortable, not forced.

4._________

   You should also absorb other people before showing yourself. You can’t learn anything when you talk. When you attend a meeting, a party or an interview, don’t immediately start throwing your opinions. Stop for a second. Absorb what’s going on. What’s the mood of the others – are they down, up, happy, expectant? Are they eager to learn from you, or do they show resistance? If you can sense what’s happening with others, you will be better able to reach them. So, listen before you talk.

5._________

How do you get your energy up? Before the meeting, collect your thoughts about the goal of the meeting – yours and the other’s. Once you go through the doorway, no longer think about yourself. Focus on the person you are meeting to find out what he is interested in. Properly collected energy comes across when we sincerely believe something. When you speak with energy, you are involved with your audience and your message. You create an air of certainty. The audience may disagree with you, but they can’t question your belief.

 

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