Question

【题目】Former South African President Nelson Mandela who was treated for a recurring (复发的) lung infection, dies on Dec. 5th, 2013, at the age of 95.

People around the world are mourning the loss of the country's first black president. He was often called humble, charming, loyal person and a man who cared about others.

“He seemed to have that special charismatic(有魅力的) personality,” said Herman Cohen, U.S. assistant secretary of state for Africa from 1989 to 1993. “He became the symbol in the fight against apartheid.”

Mandela was born on July 18, 1918. As a young man he became active in the anti-apartheid movement and joined the African National Congress, or ANC, in the 1940s.

The white-led government banned the ANC in 1960, but the group continued to operate secretly. Mandela became head of the group's new military wing, coordinating a sabotage campaign against South African military and government targets.

In 1962, he was arrested and put on trial for his actions and sentenced to life in prison on Robben Island off the coast of Cape Town. He spent 18 years there, refusing a government offer to release him if he would renounce the ANC's armed struggle. But he was freed in 1990 after South African President Frederik de Klerk legalized all political parties and discharged most political prisoners.

Shortly after his release, Mandela was elected president of the African National Congress. And in 1994, when the ANC won South Africa's first all-race elections, he was inaugurated (就职) as the county's first black president at age 75.

“Never, never and never again shall it be that this beautiful land will again experience the oppression of one by another,” he said.

President Mandela said he would stay for only one five-year term. Cohen says Mandela earned international respect for South Africa's national reconciliation.

“Mandela devoted himself mainly to rallying the Africans to this new era to work on economic development, having good education, also he was very much of a spokesman on the international scene.” he said.

In 1993, Mandela shared the Nobel Peace Prize with his once bitter enemy F.W. de Klerk for their contribution to the peace process in South Africa. After receiving the award, Mandela praised the South African people.

“All have created a society which recognizes that all people are born equal,” he said. In a country torn apart by years of racial conflict, Nelson Mandela is considered a remarkable leader -- a man who turned South Africa away from violence and hatred into a country of greater peace and understanding.

【1】The underlined word “apartheid” in the 3rd paragraph probably means______.

A. racial separation B. financial aid

C. infectious illness D. fulfilling life

【2】How long was Nelson Mandela sent to prison?

A. 18 years B. 28 years

C. 6 years D. 19 years

【3】What is the author’s attitude in the passage?

A. negative B. positive

C. subjective D. neutral

【4】Why was his bitter enemy F.W. de Klerk awarded the Nobel Peace Prize with Mandela?

A. F.W. de Klerk did not kill Mandela during his presidency.

B. F.W. de Klerk was one of Mandela’s friends in the early years.

C. F.W. de Klerk made his own contribution to the process peacefully as well.

D. F.W. de Klerk was considered a remarkable leader turning South Africa away from violence.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】B

【3】D

【4】C

【解析】

试题分析：本文是一篇人物传记。讲述了南非著名黑人总统Mandela一生的主要事迹。

【1】A词义推测题。文章讲述的是南非著名黑人总统Mandela的事迹，他是一名积极的反种族隔离人士。文章第三段He became the symbol in the fight against apartheid.他成为反种族隔离运动的象征。故选A。

【2】B推断理解题。第六段In 1962, he was arrested and put on trial.1962年，他被捕入狱。 he was freed in 1990.他在1990年获释。所以Mandela入狱28年。故选B。

【3】D主旨大意题。本文作者客观地讲述了Mandela的生平，并没有带上任何感情色彩，所以是一个中立的态度。故选D。

【4】C细节理解题。文章倒数第二段In 1993, Mandela shared the Nobel Peace Prize with his once bitter enemy F.W. de Klerk for their contribution to the peace process in South Africa.1993年Mandela和他曾经的死对头F.W. de Klerk共同赢得了诺贝尔和平奖，因为他们都为南非的和平进程做出了贡献。故选C。