题目内容

In our childhood，we were often ________by Grandma to pay attention to our table manners.

A. demanded B. reminded

C. allowed D. hoped

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What mobile phones will look like in a year or two is easy to guess—they will be slimmer and probably will let you watch television________.

A. in the distance B. on the move

C. on the way D. on the mend

Following news of the potential for life on the recently-discovered TRAPPIST-1 system, there may be another competitor ready to take its place.

With the help of the Cassini spacecraft, NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) scientists have picked up the first evidence that chemical reactions are taking place deep below the surface of Enceladus, Saturn’s (土星的) sixth-largest moon. This means that there could be life in Enceladus’ warm underground seas.

An early study found that liquid oceans exist miles below Enceladus’ surface. But to reveal what is happening down there, scientists must rely on the plumes (股) of water that spray (喷射) through cracks in Enceladus’ icy surface. In October 2015, NASA sent Cassini into a deep dive into one of the plumes.

Cassini’s findings, published on April 13 in the journal Science, showed that hydrogen (氢) not only exists on Enceladus, but is also responsible for a chemical reaction between hot rocks and water in the ocean beneath its surface.

This same process on Earth provides energy for entire ecosystems around volcanic vents (火山口). There, tiny creatures are able to survive without sunlight, using hydrogen and carbon dioxide as fuel in a process known as “methanogenesis (甲烷生成)”.

The discovery of this chemical energy source on Enceladus means it could be a very good candidate to host life.

“Confirmation (确认) that the chemical energy for life exists within the ocean of a small moon of Saturn is an important milestone (里程碑) in our search for habitable (可居住的) worlds beyond Earth,” Linda Spilker, Cassini project scientist at NASA, told the Daily Mail.

Alien life was once only thought possible on habitable planets within the “Goldilocks zone” – far enough from our sun not to be a fireball, but not so far as to be freezing.

Research on Enceladus is still in its early stages, but the recent findings have important meanings for future exploration.

“At present, we know of only one genesis (诞生) of life, the one that led to us,” David Rothery, professor of planetary geosciences (行星与地球科学) from the Open University in the UK, told The Telegraph.

“If we knew that life had started independently in two places in our solar system, then we could be pretty confident that life also got started on some of the tens of billions of planets and moons around other stars in our galaxy,” he said.

1.What is the article mainly about?

A. The connection between the TRAPPIST-1 system and Enceladus.

B. The potential for life on Saturn’s moon, Enceladus.

C. The chemical energy source on Enceladus.

D. Scientists’ constant search for life in the solar system.

2.Scientists assume that there could be life on Enceladus because ______.

A. there is evidence of a warm ocean under Enceladus’ surface

B. hot rocks and water have been discovered on Enceladus

C. hydrogen discovered on Enceladus could be a chemical energy source

D. the entire ecosystems of Enceladus are somewhat similar to those of Earth

3.According to David Rothery, the recent findings on Enceladus could mean that ______.

A. there is only one genesis of life in our galaxy

B. there could be many habitable planets, but all in the “Goldilocks zone”

C. it won’t be long before scientists find a habitable planet beyond Earth

D. alien life could exist on some other planets if it existed on Enceladus

Monthly Talks at London Canal Museum

Our monthly talks start at 19:30 on the first Thursday of each month except August. Admission is at normal charges and you don’t need to book. They end around 21:00.

November 7th

The Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers. He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building. Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “civil engineers”.

December 5th

Ice for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker. Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering, Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how London’s ice trade grew.

February 6th

An Update on the Cotsword Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening. The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer. We will have a report on the present state of play.

March 6th

Eyots and Aits-Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames had many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them. She will tell us about those of greatest interest.

Online bookings:www.canalmuseum.org.uk/book

More into:www.canalmuseum.org.uk/whatson

London Canal Museum

12-13 New Wharf Road, London NI 9RT

www.canalmuseum.org.uk   www.canalmuseum.mobi

Tel:020 77130836

1.When is the talk on James Brindley?

A. February 6th. B. December 5th.

C. November 7th. D. March 6th.

2.What is the topic of the talk in February?

A. The Canal Pioneers. B. An Update on the Cotsword Canals

C. Eyots and Aits-Thames Islands D. Ice for the Metropolis

3.Who will give the talk on the islands in the Thames.

A. Miranda Vickers B. Malcolm Tucker

C. Chris Lewis D. Liz Payne

Gandi insisted on winning independence by peaceful struggles，not by ___.

A. power B. strength

C. energy D. force

Walking alone in the dark, the boy whistled to________his courage.

A. keep up B. hold up

C. take up D. set up

“One thing I enjoy about my job is that I can work on something that is actually active,” says Game McGimsey, an American volcanologist (火山学家). Part of his job includes keeping an eye on Alaska's many active volcanoes and giving people a heads-up when a volcano might erupt (喷发).

Like most jobs in the sciences, volcanology requires a lot of education. McGimsey received an undergraduate degree in geology at the University of North Carolina, then landed an internship (实习期) with a geologist at the USGS (美国地质勘探局) whose area of expertise was volcanoes. After earning a graduate degree at the University of Colorado, McGimsey accepted a job with the USGS and has been with the Alaska Volcano Observatory for 25 years.

Volcanoes can influence the world in ways we might not think about. For example, on Dec. 15, 1989, a 747 jetliner (a large airplane) flew through a thick ash (灰) cloud produced by Mount Redoubt, an Alaskan volcano that hadn't erupted in 25 years. The ash caused all four engines to die, and the plane's electronics went dead.

“The plane was within several thousand feet of flying into the mountains below when the pilots got a couple of the engines restarted and landed safely in Anchorage,” McGimsey says. It cost nearly $80 million to repair the damage to the plane.

Such situations show just how dangerous volcanoes can be. However, volcanologists know the risks and are prepared to protect themselves.

“There is certainly a higher danger level in volcanology than some other jobs,” McGimsey admits. “We understand how serious the danger is, and we don't like taking unnecessary chances. We avoid getting too close to an erupting volcano, because it's not worth injury or death simply to get a rock or a photograph.”

1.Before working for the USGS, McGimsey _____.

A. had been a pilot for 25 years

B. knew nothing about the organization

C. had taught at the University of North Carolina

D. had studied at the University of Colorado

2.On Dec. 15, 1989, a 747 jetliner _____.

A. had all its engines restarted

B. flew into a volcano in Europe

C. survived an air accident luckily

D. disappeared in a huge ash cloud

3.What McGimsey says in the last paragraph shows his _____.

A. pride B. carefulness

C. loneliness D. doubt

4.What would be the best title for the text?

A. Game McGimsey: a man of his word

B. Game McGimsey: a volcano watcher

C. The eruption of Mount Redoubt

D. Lost land of the volcano

Last August, I flew to Columbia, Missouri to continue my education at the University of Missouri. At first I thought I was brave to deal with any ____ in a foreign country. ____ during my first semester here, I always felt so ____. Being silent was my ____ to interact with Americans. Although I wanted to make _____, I didn’t know how to approach them. I was afraid that they wouldn’t understand my English and I _____ to be careful not to make anyone angry. Therefore, I always ____ others to talk to me.

In fact, I found that a lot of American students are ____ me. They also don’t know how to interact with international students, so they choose not to be ____. Obviously, two passive persons ____ have a chance to communicate with each other. And that’s why people from the same country like to ____ themselves from others. They feel more ____ with their own people and they are used to their own ways of behaving. ____, they build barriers (障碍) for themselves.

However, I ____ to approach Americans gradually. Since I had the ____ to come to this country, I told myself, there was no reason for me to be ____ of approaching and communicating with Americans. When I showed kindness to them, most of them ___ my kindness. I found Americans are actually fun and ____. Now I am glad that I’ve made some good American friends here. I try hard to ____ my attitudes and my world has become brighter. Being an open-minded and brave person makes my life more joyful. I was ____, but I found my way.

1.A. fight B. challenge C. decision D. mistake

2.A. For B. So C. But D. Or

3.A. anxious B. happy C. lonely D. lazy

4.A. duty B. way C. task D. advice

5.A. plans B. achievements C. jokes D. friends

6.A. forgot B. refused C. remembered D. wanted

7.A. sent for B. waited for C. called on D. depended on

8.A. like B. against C. beside D. behind

9.A. active B. polite C. friendly D. kind

10.A. always B. usually C. never D. sometimes

11.A. protect B. free C. separate D. save

12.A. special B. comfortable C. successful D. busy

13.A. At first B. At present C. By the way D. In the end

14.A. feared B. helped C. pretended D. started

15.A. time B. money C. courage D. power

16.A. afraid B. proud C. glad D. fond

17.A. hated B. wasted C. spread D. repaid

18.A. hard-working B. easy-going C. self-centered D. broken-hearted

19.A. hold B. take C. explain D. change

20.A. lost B. hurt C. born D. late

(2014·安徽两所名校联考)A survey ________ by the UN shows developing countries are particularly attractive to tourists.

A. being conducted B. conducted

C. having been conducted D. to be conducted

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