Removingpovertystill comes first for most Afircan governments．题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

18．Removingpoverty（贫困）still comes first for most Afircan governments．

分析对于大多数非洲政府而言消灭贫穷仍然是首要的．

解答答案是poverty．本题考查语境中选用恰当的词或短语；poverty n．贫穷；题干中需要名词充当remove的宾语，故答案是poverty．

点评翻译填空要在理解句子的结构和含义的基础上根据汉语意思选择恰当的词、短语或句型；同时注意所选词的形式变化．

练习册系列答案

9．In his 1930 essay"Economic Possibilities for Our Grandchildren"，John Keynes，a famous economist，wrote that human needs fall into two classes：absolute needs，which are independent of what others have，and relative needs，which make us feel superior to our fellows．He thought that although relative needs may indeed be insatiable （无止境的），this is not true of abolute needs．
Keynes was surely correct that only a small part of total spending is decided by the desire for superiority．He was greatly mistaken，however，in seeing this desire as the only source of insatiable demands．
Decisions to spend are also driven by ideas of quality which can influence the demands for almost all goods，including even basic goods like food．When a couple goes out for an anniversary dinner，for example，the thought of feeling superior to others probably never comes to them．Their goal is to share a special meal that stands out from other meals．
There are no obvious limits to the escalation of demand for quality．For example，Porsche，a famous car producer，has a model which was considered perhaps the best sport car on the market Priced at over $120，000，it handles perfectly well and has great speed acceleration．But in 2004，the producer introduced some changes which made the model slightly better in handling and acceleration．People who really care about cars find these small improvements exciting．To get them，however，they must pay almost four times the prices．
By placing the desire to be superior to others at the heart of his description of insatiable demands，Keynes actually reduced such demands．However，the desire for higher quality has no natural limits．

56．According to the passage，John Keynes Believed thatC．
A．desire is the root of both absolute and relative needs
B．absolute needs come fom our sense of superiority
C．relative needs alone lead to insatiable demands
D．absolute needs are stronger than relative needs
57．What does the word"escalation"paragraph 4probably mean？B
A．Understanding．
B．Incease．
C．Difference．
D．Expectation．
58．The author of the passage argues thatA．
A．absolute needs have no limits
B．demands for quality are not insatiable
C．human desires influence ideas of quality
D．relative needs decide most of our spending．

6．Jane's mother has justgivenbirthtotwins．
简的妈妈刚刚生了一对双胞胎．

13．VISIONS Service AdventuresSince 1989，VISIONS has organized community service summer programs for teens．Live with other teens in a neighborhood of our host community； be more than a tourist．
High school students on the VISIONS Alaska community service program will earn 100 service hours doing meaningful summer projects including environmental work and social services．You will also experience amazing Alaska adventures such as backpacking climbing and more．
PROGRAM DATES July 3 to July 28
OUR HOME BASE Tetlin Village，a native village with rich traditions．
Student volunteers on the VISIONS British Virgin Islands （BVI）teen summer camp will receive 75 service hours working on housing and environmental issues．While not working，participants will explore the beautiful tropical （热带的） island and enjoy beach time among the activities．
PROGRAM DATES July 1 to July 22
OUR HOME BASE Tortola，the commercial center，capital，and large island of the BVI．
Teens on the VISIONS Cambodia summer community service program will experience a society that is in a state of rebuilding．High school students earn 80service hours doing projects including construction．While working，you will be able to take in the beautiful war memorials，local art markets and．ancient temples．
PROGRAM DATES July 2 to July 26
OUR HOME BASE Battambang，a perfect place for exploring traditional Cambodia．
Teen volunteers participating in the Ecuador program will have the opportunity to practice Spanish with local partners while working on projects that involve learning construction skills．A visit to the Galapagos with time to take in the beautiful environment and swim with sea lions is included．The program provides volunteers with 85 service hours．
PROGRAM DATES July 1 to July 26
OUR HOME BASE Patate，home to about 15，000people in central Ecuador's Tungurahua Province．

21．If you only have a 24-day vacation，you can join the program that is held inC．
A．Cambodia B．Ecuador C．the BVI D．Alaska
22．What can you do the Cambodia summer community service program？A
A．Go to art markets．
B．Play on the beach．
C．Harvest food crops．
D．Repair old temples．
23．What can we learn about VISIONS community service summer program？D
A．Participants should have some construction skills．
B．Participants have to find their own accommodations．
C．They aim at teaching teens to preserve local tradition．
D．They include public Services and recreational activities．

3．We did all we could to ________ his creative thinking，expecting that he could think up some new ideas for the project．（　　）

10．A cook will be immediately fired if he is found_____ in the kitchen．（　　）

4．Chaco Great House
As early as the twelfth century A．D．，the settlements of Chaco Canyon in New Mexico in the American Southwest were notable for their"great houses，"massive stone buildings that contain hundreds of rooms and often stand three or four stories high．Archaeologists have been trying to determine how the buildings were used．While there is still no universally agreed upon explanation，there are three competing theories．
One theory holds that the Chaco structures were purely residential，with each housing hundreds of people．Supporters of this theory have interpreted Chaco great houses as earlier versions of the architecture seen in more recent Southwest societies．In particular，the Chaco houses appear strikingly similar to the large，well-known"apartment buildings"at Taos，New Mexico，in which many people have been living for centuries．
A second theory contends that the Chaco structures were usedto store food supplies．One of the main crops of the Chaco people was grain maize，which could be stored for long periods of time without spoiling and could serve as a long-lasting supply of food．The supplies of maize had to be stored somewhere，and the size of the great houses would make them very suitable for the purpose．
A third theory proposes that houses were used as ceremonial centers．Close to one house，called Pueblo Alto，archaeologists identified an enormous mound formed by a pile of old material．Excavations of the mound revealed deposits containing a surprisingly large number of broken pots．This finding has been interpreted as evidence that people gathered at Pueblo Alto for special ceremonies．At the ceremonies，they ate festive meals and then discarded the pots in which the meals had been prepared or served．Such ceremonies have been documented for other Native American cultures．
For Reference：
While the precise function of Chaco great houses remains uncertain，there are three conflicting hypotheses．Firstly，they were supposed to be the houses for the similarity to later apartment buildings in New Mexico．Secondly，they were used for the storage of main crops．Thirdly，houses were considered to have held the ceremonies，based on the broken pots unearthed around．（59 words）
The ancient settlements of Chaco Canyon，famous for great stone houses，remain mysterious as for their functions．First，they might be residential for apparent connection to Taos'．Alternative explanations include storing maize to secure food sources which require huge space and extended period．Finally，the ceremonial purpose is traced with the broken pots for festive meals documented in native culture．（60 words）．

5．To err is human．To blame the other guy is even more human．
Common sense is not all that common．
Why tell the truth when you can come up with a good excuse？
These three popular misquotes （误用）are meant to be jokes，and yet they tell us a lot about human nature．To err，or to make mistakes，is indeed a part of being human，but it seems that most people don't want to accept the responsibility for the problem．Perhaps it is the natural thing to do．The original quote about human nature went like this："To err is human，to forgive，divine （神圣的）．"This saying mirrors a deal：people should be forgiving of others'mistakes．Instead，we tend to do the opposite-find someone else to pass the blame on to．However，taking responsibility for something that went wrong is a making of great maturity．
Common sense is what we call clear thought．Having common sense means having a good general plan that will make things work well，and it also means staying with the plan．Commonsense tells you that you take an umbrella out into a rainstorm，but you leave the umbrella home when you hear a weather forecast for sunshine．Common sense does not seem to be common for large organizations，because there are so many things going on that one person cannot be in charge of everything．People say that in a large company，"the right hand does not know what the left hand is doing．"
And what is wrong with a society that thinks that making up a good excuse is like creating a work of art？One of the common problems with making excuses is that people，especially young people．get the idea that it's okay not to be totally honest all the time．There is a corollary （推论） to that：if good excuse is"good"even if it isn't honest，then where is the place of the truth？

56．According to the author，what is a sign of a man's maturity？B
A．Doing things his own way．
B．Bearing responsibility for his mistakes．
C．Making as few mistakes as possible．
D．Thinking seriously about his wrongdoing．
57．Which of the following is N0T based on common sense？A
A．A man tries to take charge of everything in a large company．
B．A student goes out with an umbrella in stormy weather．
C．A company's next move follows a good plan．
D．A lawyer acts on fine judgments．
58．What is the author's opinion about a good excuse？D
A．Making a good excuse is sometimes a better policy．
B．Inventing a good excuse needs creative ideas．
C．A good excuse is as rewarding as honesty．
D．Bitter truth is better than a good excuse．
59．What would be the best title for his passage？A
A．A Mirror of Human Nature
B．To Blame or to Forgive
C．A Mark of Maturity
D．Truth or Excuse．

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