Question

  If there is any single factor that makes for success in living, it is the ability to profit by defeat. Every success I know have achieved because the person was able to analyze defeat and actually profit by it in his next undertaking. Confuse defeat with failure, and you are doomed (注定) indeed to failure. For it isn’t defeat that makes you fail: it is your own refusal to see in defeat the guide and encouragement to success.

  Defeats are nothing to be ashamed of. They are routine incidents in the life of every man who achieves success. But defeat is a dead loss unless you face it without humiliation, analyze（分析） it and leave why you have failed. Defeat, in other words, can help to cure its own cause. Not only does defeat prepare us for success, but nothing can arouse within us such a compelling desire to succeed. If you let a baby grasp a rod and try to pull it away, he will hold more and more tightly until his whole weight is suspended. It is the same reaction as should give you new and greater strength every time you are defeated. If you exploit the power which defeats give, you can accomplish with it far more than you are capable of.

 

60. The person who is able to analyze his defeat is likely ___ .

A. to be more capable of doing things

B. to be a successor

C. to be ashamed of his defeat

D. to know himself better

61. Defeat is valuable because ___ .

A. it makes you a better thinker

B. it forces you to face it without humiliation

C. it provides the guide to achievement.

D. It enables you to analyze events successfully

62. It is implied in the passage that ___ .

A. the author thinks there is only one factor which makes for success in living

B. defeat necessarily leads to success

C. people often confuse defeat with failure

D. we must face defeat courageously

63. What is the author’s attitude towards defeat?

A. One of being ashamed.

B. One of being interested.

C. One of being discouraged.

D. One of being hopeful.

64. The word “humiliation” （in Para. 2） could best be replaced by which of the following?

A. being encouraged.                                    B. being confused

C. being ashamed                                         D. being defeated

Answer 1

60. A第一段第二句可知，能够分析自己受挫原因的人在以后的工作中会受益于它。选项A意为“更有能力处理好事情”，较接近此意。而选项B、D在原文中并未提及，C与原意相悖。

61. C答案在第一段最后一句：不是受挫使你失败，是你自己没有看到受挫带来的指导及鼓励作用才使你失败。选项A、B、D都是读者可能分析出来的受挫原因，但并非文中提到的原因，而C意为“受挫能指导人们成功”，正符合上下文之意。

62. D本题为推断题。选项意为“作者认为只有一个因素有助于成功”。而原文并非特指哪一个。选项B原文中并无此意且有常识也可判断其出错。C项也错，因文中并未说他们常把二者搞混，只是给出了一个假设条件“如果混淆了受挫和失败”，因此，只有D才符合全文之义。

63. D本题属于有关主旨的题目。问的是作者对待受挫的态度。从第一段最后一句及第二段第一句可排除A、C两项，而B项中的“interested”一词并未说明作者的确切态度，而且从文中多次用的 “profit by defeat”上可知作者对受挫的态度是肯定的，因此D为正确的答案。

64. C本题属于推测词义题。第二段第一句说“失败并不值得羞愧，是成功者遇到的常事”，下文说“受挫是个不可挽回的损失，除非你不……”这属于前后呼应，由此可推断出humiliation与being ashamed意义应大致相同，故选C。