Question

【题目】Hospital emergency rooms treat injured fingers all the time．Without treatment, a bad cut can lead to permanent damage．But how should a person know when a bleeding cut is serious enough to require medical attention?

Here are some tips from Dr. Martin Brown, chairman of the department of emergency at Inova Alexandria Hospital in Virginia．

1． Laceration （裂口）

The medical term for a cut or tear in the skin is a laceration．【1】 A long cut on a finger can likely be treated without a visit to a doctor if the wound is not very deep. However, if you have a short but deep laceration, you will need professional attention．

2． Fingertips cut off

Some injuries, like a fingertip that gets cut off, might even need surgery to repair．【2】More often, cutting down the bone is what is done because reattaching a fingertip is often not successful．

3． Bleeding

【3】 Small cuts usually produce what is known as venous （静脉的） bleeding． This means the blood flows steadily from the injury．The bleeding will often stop when pressure is put on the wound． In most cases holding direct pressure with a clean cloth for four to rive minutes would do．But if a cut appears to be pumping blood out with some force, this may be a sign of arterial （动脉的）bleeding．【4】

Finally, always keep this in mind: even a cut that does not require medical attention must be kept clean to prevent infection． Small cuts should be cleaned gently with clean water． 【5】 Then cover it with a clean, dry bandage．

A．How a wound bleeds can be a sign of how serious it is．

B．That requires a specialist to either cut down the bone or reattach the fingertip

C．This kind of injury should be treated by a medical professional as soon as possible．

D．The first signs of this disease include difficulty in opening the mouth．

E．Use a washcloth to clean the area if the wound is dirty．

F．With a cut finger, holding the hand above the heart can reduce the loss of blood．

G．The length is usually not as important as the depth．

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】G

【2】B

【3】A

【4】C

【5】E

【解析】

试题分析：文章叙述的是皮肤的切口和撕裂伤不能小视，介绍了应该怎样正确判断伤情已经应该怎样采取治疗措施。

【1】G根据下句：布朗医生说“如果伤口不深，即使伤口较长也可以不用找医生治疗；如果你的伤口不长但是很深，事实上都需要专业的护理。”因此可知此处表达的意思是：伤口的长度和深度不是同样的重要，故选G。

【2】B根据上句可知：有些创伤，像指头被切断的情况甚至需要外科手术来修复。下句的意思是：更多情况下酱骨头锉平，因为冲击而指头一般不太成功。因此可知这就需要专家来锉平骨头或者将指头重接上。故选B。

【3】A这是一个概括性的填空，它位于句首。根据下文可知：比较小的切口一般只是造成静脉出血。静脉出血时血液是从伤口慢慢流出的，遇到这种情况时，往往压住伤口就能止血。因此可知此处要表达的是：伤口流血的情况也是其严重程度的判断标准。故选A。

【4】C根据上句可知：如果伤口有血不断涌出，就很可能是动脉处血。因此下句应该是：这种伤口就应该找医务人员处理。故选C。

【5】E根据上句：小伤口必须用干净的水小心地清洗。下句表达的是：布朗说伤口一定要用干净清洁的绷带包扎。所以此处表达的是：如果伤口有脏污要用毛巾清洗干净。故选E。