Burns are common injuries in our daily life. People can get 1. by a variety of things, such as hot oil, steam, fire and so on. There are 2. types of burns-first degree, second degree or third degree, 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

Burns can be caused by fire, the sun, chemicals, heated objects or fluids, and electricity. They can be minor problems or life-threatening emergencies. Distinguishing a minor burn from a more serious burn involves determining the degree of damage to the tissues of the body. If you are not sure how serious the burn is, seek emergency medical help.

First-degree burns are those in which only the outer layer of skin is burned. The skin is usually red and some swelling (肿大) and pain may occur. Unless the burn involves large portions of the body, it can be treated at home.

Second-degree burns are those in which the first layer of skin has been burned through and the second layer of skin is also burned. In these burns, the skin reddens intensely and blisters (水泡) develop. Severe pain and swelling also occur. Second-degree burns require medical treatment.

Third-degree burns are the most serious and involve all layers of skin. Fat, nerves, muscles, and even bones may be affected. Areas may be charred black or appear a dry white. If nerve damage is substantial, there may be no pain at all. These burns require emergency medical attention.

Follow these steps when treating minor burns at home:

1) If the skin is not broken, run cool water over the burn for several minutes.

2) Cover the burn with a sterile (消过毒的) bandage or clean cloth.

3) Take aspirin to relieve any swelling or pain.

Seek emergency treatment immediately for major burns. Before an emergency unit arrives, follow these steps:

1) Remove the person from the source of the burn (fire, electrical current, etc.).

2) If the person is not breathing, begin mouth-to-mouth resuscitation (人工呼吸) immediately.

3) Remove all clothing to stop further burning. If the clothing is stuck to the burn, do not attempt to remove it.

4) Cover the burned area with a cool, moist, sterile bandage or clean cloth. Do not place any creams, ointments (药膏) or ice on the burned area or break blisters.

5) Monitor the patient for signs of shock, and treat accordingly.

The underlined sentence in the first paragraph probably means “______”.

A. They can be dangerous if you don’t treat them seriously

Ｂ. They range from slight burns to deadly ones

C. They seldom cause deaths even if not treated properly

D. They usually cause deaths if not treated properly

Burns are divided into different degrees according to _______.

A. what kind of treatment they need

B. what kind of tissue of the body is damaged

C. whether there is pain and what degree of pain there is

D. which layer of skin is burned

From the passage we learn that _______.

A. if there is severe pain, then you need medical treatment

B. first-degree burns don’t require medical treatment

C. burns without pains can be treated at home

D. the larger the swelling is, the more serious it is

It can be inferred from the passage that ______.

A. you shouldn’t cover the burn with a bandage or cloth if it is severe

B. you shouldn’t move the person unless you know how to do first aid

C. you shouldn’t run cool water over the burn if the skin is broken

D. you shouldn’t place any wet towels on the burned area

where do you probably find the passage?

A.a fashion magazine B.a guide book

C.a book on first aid D.a section about culture in the newspaper

“Look, it’s Baldy!” A boy shouted in my direction across the playground. Even though I was used to regular insults (侮辱) because of the 11 on my head, it was 12 horrible to hear. I sighed as I was headed back to the class.

When I was just 20 months old, I suffered serious 13 after a bowl full hot oil fell on my head. I was 14 to hospital and had to stay there for weeks while the doctors 15 to save my life. “Holly’s very 16 to be alive,” they told Mum and Dad. “But she’ll be 17 with scars on her head, and of course her hair won’t grow there.”

As a child, I cared much about my scars, so I 18 wore a scarf to cover them up when I left home. 19 I didn’t, people would call me horrible names like Baldy. Although my friends were always comforting me, they never 20 understood how it felt.

Then through the hospital I was 21 to a children’s burns camp, where children like me can get any help. There, I 22 14-year-old Stephanie, whose burns are a lot more serious than mine. But she is so 23 that she never lets anyone put her down. “You shouldn’t 24 what people say about what you look like because we’re not different from anyone else, Holly,” she 25 me. “And you don’t need to wear a scarf because you look great 26 it!” For the first time in my life I could speak to someone who’d been through something 27 . So weeks later, at my 13^th birthday party, 28 by her bravery, I gave up my scarf and showed off my scars. It felt amazing not having to 29 away behind my scarf.

Now, I am 30 of what I look like and much happier, because I have realized it is your personality (个性) that decides who you truly are.

11.	A. hat	B. scarf	C. scars	D. cuts
12.	A. still	B. just	C. never	D. seldom
13.	A. hunger	B. cold	C. defeats	D. burns
14.	A. rushed	B. led	C. invited	D. forced
15.	A. learned	B. fought	C. returned	D. decided
16.	A. happy	B. lucky	C. lonely	D. poor
17.	A. pressed	B. occupied	C. left	D. painted
18.	A. possibly	B. usually	C. finally	D. nearly
19.	A. Although	B. Since	C. If	D. Before
20.	A. correctly	B. roughly	C. easily	D. really
21.	A. promoted	B. introduced	C. reported	D. carried
22.	A. met	B. recognized	C. remembered	D. caught
23.	A. honest	B. strong	C. active	D. young
24.	A. write sown	B. agree with	C. pass on	D. listen to
25.	A. promised	B. encouraged	C. ordered	D. calmed
26.	A. in	B. for	C. without	D. beyond
27.	A. similar	B. strange	C. hard	D. important
28.	A. allowed	B. required	C. guided	D. inspired
29.	A. hide	B. give	C. keep	D. put
30.	A. sick	B. aware	C. tired	D. proud

Burns are called first，second or third degree burns， which layers of the skin are burned.

Burns can be caused by fire, the sun, chemicals, heated objects or fluids, and electricity. They can be minor problems or life-threatening emergencies. Distinguishing a minor burn from a more serious burn involves determining the degree of damage to the tissues of the body. If you are not sure how serious the burn is, seek emergency medical help.
First-degree burns are those in which only the outer layer of skin is burned. The skin is usually red and some swelling (肿大) and pain may occur. Unless the burn involves large portions of the body, it can be treated at home.
Second-degree burns are those in which the first layer of skin has been burned through and the second layer of skin is also burned. In these burns, the skin reddens intensely and blisters (水泡) develop. Severe pain and swelling also occur. Second-degree burns require medical treatment.
Third-degree burns are the most serious and involve all layers of skin. Fat, nerves, muscles, and even bones may be affected. Areas may be charred black or appear a dry white. If nerve damage is substantial, there may be no pain at all. These burns require emergency medical attention.
Follow these steps when treating minor burns at home:
1) If the skin is not broken, run cool water over the burn for several minutes.
2) Cover the burn with a sterile (消过毒的) bandage or clean cloth.
3) Take aspirin to relieve any swelling or pain.
Seek emergency treatment immediately for major burns. Before an emergency unit arrives, follow these steps:
1) Remove the person from the source of the burn (fire, electrical current, etc.).
2) If the person is not breathing, begin mouth-to-mouth resuscitation (人工呼吸) immediately.
3) Remove all clothing to stop further burning. If the clothing is stuck to the burn, do not attempt to remove it.
4) Cover the burned area with a cool, moist, sterile bandage or clean cloth. Do not place any creams, ointments (药膏) or ice on the burned area or break blisters.
5) Monitor the patient for signs of shock, and treat accordingly.
【小题1】The underlined sentence in the first paragraph probably means “______”.
A. They can be dangerous if you don’t treat them seriously
Ｂ. They range from slight burns to deadly ones
C. They seldom cause deaths even if not treated properly
D. They usually cause deaths if not treated properly
【小题2】Burns are divided into different degrees according to _______.

A．what kind of treatment they need

B．what kind of tissue of the body is damaged

C．whether there is pain and what degree of pain there is

D．which layer of skin is burned

【小题3】From the passage we learn that ___

____.

A．if there is severe pain, then you need medical treatment

B．first-degree burns don’t require medical treatment

C．burns without pains can be treated at home

D．the larger the swelling is, the more serious it is

【小题4】 It can be inferred from the passage that ______

.

A．you shouldn’t cover the burn with a bandage or cloth if it is severe

B．you shouldn’t move the person unless you know how to do first aid

C．you shouldn’t run cool water over the burn if the skin is broken

D．you shouldn’t place any wet towels on the burned area

【小题5】where do you probably find the passage?

A．a fashion magazine	B．a guide book
C．a book on first aid	D．a section about culture in the newspaper

第三部分阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）