题目内容
8．Environmental health is defined as the control of the factors （因素） in the environment that may have harmful effects on people's physical，mental，or social well-being （安乐）．Because natural disasters expose people to danger by bringing up or threatening their immediate environment，effective management of environmental health after a natural disaster is of great importance．The environmental health measures that must be considered after a natural disaster include the supply of appropriate shelter for individuals or groups of people left homeless，the distribution （分配） of safe and accessible water，and the protection and distribution of safe food products and so on．
To effectively manage environmental health during and after a disaster，it is important that a state of preparation is in effect before the event actually occurs．During an emergency，success largely depends on making good，rapid judgment and appropriate response measures．High-level decision makers，therefore，must be familiar with sound measures beforehand and should be given an accurate judgment of the disaster's specific effects as quickly as possible．
This book is intended to serve as a guide for those who may be called upon to make emergency decisions after disaster strikes．The recommended environmental health measures have been listed in the order of priority in which they should be taken during an emergency．However，each natural disaster is unique in the degree or type of emergency．In response to any given disaster，decision makers may find it necessary to change the priority assigned to any particular measure．
28．Why is it significant to take effective measures after a natural disaster？D
A．Victims may be at stake without immediate controls．
B．Victims may be at the risk of losing their properties．
C．Victims may be exposed to poisonous or radioactive minerals．
D．Victims may be threatened by environmental health problems．
29．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3？A
A．Good preparation beforehand is vital．
B．Rapid judgment is quite beneficial．
C．Effective measures sound familiar．
D．Slow responses sound ineffective．
30．Whom is the book mainly written for？C
A．A research quite into environment health．
B．An organizer to handle domestic disastrous situations．
C．A possible decision-maker to handle a disaster emergency．
D．A holidaymaker fond of the topic of effective management．
31．What does the underlined word"priority"in Paragraph 4 refer to？B
A．Perfection．
B．Preference．
C．Possibility．
D．Popularity．
分析 文章介绍一本在灾难之后采取环境措施的指南用书．
解答 28．D．细节理解题．根据文章第一段的句子"because natural disasters expose people to danger by bringing up or threatening their immediate environment，effective management of environmental health after a natural disaster is of great importance"可知，自然灾害之后采取有效措施是重要的，因为受害者可能会被环境问题威胁．故选D．
29．A．段落大意题．根据文章第三段的句子"To effectively manage environmental health during and after a disaster，it is important that a state of preparation is in effect before the event actually occurs．"可知，第三段介绍提前做好准备是至关重要的．故选A．
30．C．细节理解题．根据文章第四段的句子"This book is intended to serve as a guide for those who may be called upon to make emergency decisions after disaster strikes．"可知，这本书主要是写给处理环境紧急事件的可能的决策者．故选C．
31．B．细节理解题．根据文章的句子"The recommended environmental health measures have been listed in the order of priority in which they should be taken during an emergency．"推荐的环境健康措施是以在紧急事件中采取的措施的优先顺序排列的．可知，"priority"意为"优先考虑的事情"．故选B．
点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
