Question

【题目】Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Japanese firms encourage daytime naps

Imagine working for an employer who, aware that you’re probably not sleeping enough at night, allows you to down tools and nap as part of your regular work 【1】 -- and not just forty winks at your desk, but a restorative snooze in a quiet room.

These are some of the measures being used by a growing number of companies in Japan to counter an epidemic of sleeplessness that costs its economy a(n) 【2】 $ 138 bn a year.

Tech startups have been quickest to 【3】the “sleep debt” among irritable and unproductive employees. Last year, Nextbeat, an TT service provider, went as far as setting up two “strategic sleeping rooms” -- one for men, the other for women -- at its headquarters in Tokyo. The aroma-infused rooms 【4】 devices that block out background noise, allowing workers to stretch out on sofas for a(n) 【5】 nap. Mobile phones, tablets and laptops are banned.

“Napping can do as much to improve someone’s 【6】as a balanced diet and exercise,” Emiko Sumikawa, a member of the Nextbeat board, told Kyodo news agency.

Nextbeat also asks employees to leave work by 9 pm and to avoid doing excessive overtime, which has been 【7】 for a rising rate of death from overwork.

Japanese workers have more reason than most to submit to （服从）the 【8】 for a daytime snooze, whether at work or during long commutes.

A survey conducted using fitness trackers in 28 countries found that Japanese men and women sleep, on average, just 6 hours and 35 minutes a night -- 45 minutes less than the international average -- making them the most sleep-deprived of all. Estonians, Canadians, Belgians, Austrians, as well as the Dutch and French, all get a comparatively decent night’s sleep, according to the survey.

The government has also come to appreciate the 【9】 of a well-rested workforce, with the health ministry recommending that all working-age people take a nap of up to 30 minutes in the early afternoon -- advice 【10】 embraced by some of the country’s politicians.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】H

【2】D

【3】A

【4】F

【5】K

【6】B

【7】J

【8】I

【9】C

【10】E

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。在日本，越来越多的公司采取措施，鼓励白天小睡，以应对失眠问题。Nextbeat在东京总部设立了两间“战略卧室”，要求员工在晚上9点前下班，避免过度加班。调查表明，日本人民睡眠质量较国际水平差，政府也在采取措施。

【1】考查名词。句意：如果你的雇主意识到你晚上可能睡得不够，让你放下工作，打个盹作为日常工作的一部分。work duty，表示“工作职责”。根据句意知，此处指的是将打盹作为你工作职责的一部分，故选H。

【2】考查形容词。句意：据估计，日本每年因失眠造成的经济损失高达1380亿美元。分析可知，前面有冠词，后有名词$ 138 billion，故此处应为形容词。estimated“估计的”，根据句意可知，故选D。

【3】考查名词。句意：科技初创企业最快地解决了易怒、效率低下员工的“睡眠债”问题。address“设法解决”。分析句子结构知，此处为be+adj.+to do的结构，故应用动词。根据下文可知，Nextbeat已经采取措施解决睡眠的问题，故此处填address。故选A。

【4】考查动词。句意：充满芳香的房间配备了隔绝背景噪音的设备，。feature“以…为特色，配备”。根据句意可知，房间配备了放噪音的设备，故填feature。故选F。

【5】考查形容词。句意：让工人们可以躺在沙发上不受打扰地小睡一会儿。分析可知，此处应该形容词修饰nap，配置防噪音设备，是为了能让工人们不受打扰地好好休息，故填undisturbed。故选K。

【6】考查名词。句意：在提高效率方面，午睡和均衡饮食、锻炼身体一样重要。根据上文缺少睡眠导致unproductive “效果不佳的”，可知此处说的是提高他们的工作效率，故填efficiency。故选B。

【7】考查动词。句意：Nextbeat还要求员工在晚上9点前下班，并避免过度加班，加班导致的死亡率不断上升。be blamed for，归咎于。根据句意可知，此处说的是死亡率上升主要归咎于过度加班。故填blamed。故选J。

【8】考查名词。句意：日本员工比大多数人更有理由在白天打盹，无论是在工作还是在漫长的通勤途中。urge“冲动”，此处是指员工们屈服于打盹的冲动，即更有理由去打盹，故填urge。故选I。

【9】考查名词。句意：政府也开始意识到良好休息的劳动力的好处。下文中卫生部建议员工们在下午时休息，可知政府认识到了有良好休息的劳动力的好处。appreciate the benefits of，认识到…的好处，故填benefits。故选C。

【10】考查副词。句意：这一建议得到了该国一些政界人士的欣然接受。readily“欣然地”。分析句子结构知，此处应该使用副词修饰过去分词embraced，；根据句意可知，有一些人“欣然地”接受了这个建议，故填readily。故选E。