题目内容
【题目】Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
【1】你是不是就在这家新开的饭店里看见疑犯实施犯罪？ (it)
【2】学外语时没有必要不懂装懂，否则你总有一天会后悔的。(need n.)
【3】人们很难想象像他这样一个体面的政府官员是如何一夜之间就沦为阶下囚的。(reduce)
【4】这个年轻人向朋友保证在任何情况下他都不会违背做一个诚实和守信人的承诺。( under no circumstances )
【答案】
【1】Was it in the newly-- opened restaurant// that you witnessed / saw(that) the suspect //commit the crime?
【2】There is no need to // pretend to know what you don’t know // when you learn a foreign language, // otherwise/or you will regret it some day.
【3】People could/ can hardly imagine// how a decent government official like him //can/ should be reduced to// a prisoner overnight
【4】The young person assured his friends that// under no circumstances would he// break the promise that// he should/would be faithful/trustworthy and honest.
【解析】
考查句子翻译。
【1】考查强调句。本句为强调句结构，强调的部分为in the newly-- opened restaurant，且固定短语 commit the crime“犯罪”，且应用一般过去时。故填Was it in the newly-- opened restaurant// that you witnessed / saw(that) the suspect //commit the crime?
【2】考查固定句式。固定句式There is no need to do sth.“没有必要做某事”，且应为when引导的时间状语从句，短语pretend to do sth.“假装做某事”，且应用一般现在时以及一般将来时。故填There is no need to // pretend to know what you don’t know // when you learn a foreign language, // otherwise/or you will regret it some day.
【3】考查名词性从句和固定短语。本句为宾语从句，且从句中缺少方式状语表示“如何”，故用how引导，且固定短语be reduced to“沦为”，故填People could/ can hardly imagine// how a decent government official like him //can/ should be reduced to// a prisoner overnight。
【4】考查名词性从句和固定短语。本句为宾语从句，且从句中不缺少成分，故用that引导，且固定短语under no circumstances“决不”，且根据句意应用一般过去时，故填The young person assured his friends that// under no circumstances would he// break the promise that// he should/would be faithful/trustworthy and honest.。
强调句结构。
为了突出句子中的某一部分，我们通常会使用某种方法或手段使它突出，以便能引起他人的注意，这就是强调，与此相关的句子就是强调句。强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式。其结构为it is (was)+被强调成分+that (who)+其他。
1、陈述句的强调句型
It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(当强调主语且主语指人)+ 其他部分。
2、一般疑问句的强调句型，把is/ was提到it前面。
3、特殊疑问句的强调句型，被强调部分(通常是疑问代词或疑问副词)+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其他部分?
4、not … until … 句型的强调句
句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其他部分
普通句：He didn't go to bed until/ till his wife came back.
强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.
注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用;因为句型中It is/ was not ... 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。
如第一小题，本句为强调句结构，强调的部分为in the newly-- opened restaurant，且固定短语 commit the crime“犯罪”，且应用一般过去时。故填Was it in the newly-- opened restaurant// that you witnessed / saw(that) the suspect //commit the crime?
