Compulsive(狂热的) shoppers may have a new psychological excuse to blame for their shopping. Psychologists at the University of Canterbury in New Zealand are studying the “shop-till-you-drop” habit as a behavioral disorder similar to compulsive eating. Compulsive shoppers frequently buy more than they can afford or more than they need, and it causes them anxiousness.

  “ It becomes a problem when you are out of control,” psychology lecturer Neville Blampied said. “ When you are feeling bad and blue, what do you do? Some people eat chocolate cake and ice cream. Some people take the credit card and go out to the shop.” Bank managers understand the problem because they have to deal with people who have to be persuaded to stop using their cards drawing money.

  An advertisement in a Christchurch paper, calling for people to take part in an experimental treatment program designed by Mr. Wilson, attracted 10 replies. But the problem, said Mr. Wilson, is “clearly not rare.” He thinks that compulsive shopping should be treated with drugs. “As psychologists We are interested in non-drug treatments for behavioral difficulties,” Mr. Wilson said.

  Compulsive eaters or shoppers get a kick from their habit. “ Both activities provide an immediate kind of kick and you feel a bit better,” he said. “ You have long-term problems, but human beings are extremely good at not seeing long-term problem and are very sensitive to short-term benefits,” he said.

  The aim of the treatments was to help people find better ways of managing their emotions. The program, consisting of 10 one-hour weekly lessons and two follow-up treatments, is loosely based on teaching stress management.

  “ You often have to start to get people to correctly recognize their emotions. Not being able to know what you really feel weakens your ability to solve the problems.” Mr. Wilson said.

What is this article mostly about?

   A. Signs of compulsive shopping.

   B. Studies of compulsive shopping.

   C. A comparison of shopping and eating.

   D. An experimental treatment program.

The compulsive shoppers will go shopping when they        _.

   A. have lots of money      B. are taking drugs

   C. are feeling sad          D. win a prize

Which of the following is considered important in treating compulsive shoppers?

   A. Teach them to understand their emotions.

   B. Teach them to manage their money better.

   C. Persuade them not to draw money from the bank.

   D. Treat them with some right drugs.

When the writer says that compulsive shoppers get a kick from their habit, he means that they           _.

   A. feel anxious after their wild shopping

   B. feel better after treatment from psychologists

   C . are better able to deal with stress problems

   D. have a feeling of excitement after shopping

In many societies, there is often greater acceptance of light skin than dark skin. Light skin may be seen as a mark of beauty, intelligence and success. These beliefs can lead to social pressure even within the same racial or ethnic group, if some members are darker skinned than others.

   The result is that skin lightening has become a common activity across Africa, Asia and other areas of the world. More and more people with dark skin are using skin-lightening products, even if they may face health risks.

   They believe that having whiter skin will improve their lives. Many people think they will have a better chance of getting a job or marrying into a better family. Or they want to look like what their society generally considers beautiful.

   Some beauty care products and soaps contain chemicals that make skin lighter. This process is also called bleaching. But some of the chemicals are extremely dangerous. One of the chemicals has been linked to kidney (肾) damage and some kinds of cancer. It also causes low birth weight in babies when mothers use it during pregnancy.

   At first, bleaching products make the skin color lighter. But after long-term use they can cause problems. They can even make some skin darker. The chemicals in the products block and break down the natural process that gives color to skin. The skin loses its natural barrier to protect against sunlight. Then the skin can become thick and discolored. Usually the person will use more of the product in an effort to correct the problem, but this only makes it worse.

   Fatimata Ly treats skin conditions in the Senegalese capital,Dakar. Doctor Ly says skin bleaching has become a problem throughout Senegal. She says the chemicals are now more dangerous because they are stronger. Some cases have resulted in blackened fingernails, infections and permanent skin damage.

   And these are not the only risks. Experts say some people who change their skin color suffer emotional damage. They feel regret and sadness. They feel that instead of risking their health, they should have learned to love and accept their skin color as it was.

Which of the following words can replace the underlined word “bleaching”?

A. whitening        B. changing       C. lighting        D. pleasing

Why has the skin lightening become a common activity all over the world?

A. There are many products that can make the dark skin light.

B. Many people with dark skin have no confidence.

C. Relatively speaking, light skin has more advantages over dark skin.

D. People with dark skin are forced by the pressure of their families.

According to the text the following are the risks using the bleaching products EXCEPT________.

  A. blackened fingernails               B. permanent skin damage

  C. emotional damage                  D. a waste of time and money

From the text we can conclude the writer’s attitude toward using the bleaching products is probably ________.

A. supportive        B. positive       C. doubtful       D. negative 

For thousands of years the most important two buildings in any British village have been the church and the pub. In fact,until a place has a church and a pub,it isn’t really considered a community worthy of a name. Traditionally,the church and the pub are at the heart of any village or town, since it is where people gather to give and receive news. In fact, the word ‘pub’ is short for public house’.

That's how it used to be, but things are beginning to change. It is said that the credit decline is causing 39 British pubs a week to go out of business. People don’t have lots of spare money to spend on beer. Recently, the UK government banned smoking in all pubs, and that may also have affected the number of customers going to pubs.

This decline is happening despite the fact that in 2005 the UK government started to allow pubs to stay open after 11 p. m. Previously,with 11 p. m. as closing time,customers would have to drink quite quickly,meaning they sometimes got more drunk than they would if allowed to drink slowly. The British habit of drinking a lot very quickly is known as ‘binge drinking’(狂饮),and it causes some long-term health problems for people and problems with violent crime for communities. The UK government is changing the law to discourage binge drinking, and regularly spends money on television advertisements to warn people of the problems of drinking too much.

In order to save their businesses, pubs are trying to change with the market. Now, there are a number of different types of pubs.

Topic

The (81)        of British Pub Culture?

 

 

The important(82)____    of churches and pubs in people' s daily life in the UK

?People won't name an area unless there are a church and a pub.

?They are the places where people gather to (83)         news.

The(84)         for the decrease of the pub business

?The credit decline is said to cause many pubs to (85)     down.

?Smoking is not (86)        in all pubs, which may have had an effect on the business.

?The government is trying hard to (87)       binge drinking.

(88)         to save the business

?Pubs are making (89)         to meet the needs of the market.

?As a woman in the UK nowadays, you can (90)       a drink in almost all the pubs.

Conclusion

Things are changing for the better probably from now on.

As you can see, British pubs now offer something for everyone. A lot of pubs used to be working men’s clubs, meaning that women could not usually enter. Today, however, women can freely enter 99% of pubs without experiencing any problems. Perhaps things are changing for the better after all.

 

第二节(共5小题,每题2分,满分10分)

根据短文内容,从下框的A-F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余项。

Develop lasting personal relationships.

Always stay positive

Educate yourself.

Stay in shape.

Live below your means.

Work towards a dream.

 

 

61.

We all want to buy that new piece of technology, treat ourselves to an expensive dinner, or take out a loan for the car we can’t afford.It might feel great at the time but hasty(匆忙的) spending hurts a lot later on.Enjoy life’s simple pleasures and save as much as you can.Expensive things don’t create lasting happiness.Careful spending will bring you greater enjoyment in the long run.

 

 

62.

To be happy we need continuous growth.The best way to grow is lifelong education.This doesn’t mean you need to pursue a doctorate or spend 2 hours reading every day.Self education can be anything that takes you out of your comfort zone.The important part is keeping an open mind and searching for fresh ideas.

 

 

63.

Suppose you had everything you wanted.Would you be happy without anyone to share it with? The personal relationships we develop with friends and family members are the greatest source of happiness in our lives.Don’t forget about them.Taking the time to develop and enjoy personal relationships is important to long-term happiness.

 

 

64.

Even if your life isn’t perfect, you can always build towards a goal.The best way to do this is working towards a goal.We can’t control everything about our lives, but working towards a goal gives us something positive to focus on and lays the foundation for future success.No matter what your passion is, get out there and start doing something.

 

 

65.                   

You only get one body.Once it’s been ruined there isn’t much you can do about it.Exercise to keep the body working well.Avoid eating too much of damaging substances and unhealthy foods.It may feel terrible at the time but enjoying good health in your later years is worth the sacrifice.

 

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