Iceland has energy to spare, and the small country has found a cutting-edge(尖端的)way to reduce its oil dependency．Volcanoes formed the island nation out of ash and lava(熔岩), which heat huge underground lakes to the boiling point．The hot water is piped into cities providing heat for homes, businesses and even swimming pools．The water runs through turbines(涡轮机), providing all the country’s electricity．
Iceland wants to make plans to improve its cars, buses and trucks to run on renewable energy．Iceland has already started by turning water into fuel － hydrogen fuel．Here’s how it works：Electrodes(电极)change the water into hydrogen and oxygen molecules．Hydrogen electrons pass through a conductor that creates the current to power an electric engine．
Hydrogen fuel now costs two to three times as much as gasoline, but gets up to three times the distance than gas, making the overall cost about the same．As an added benefit, there is no carbon －only water steam．
In the capital, Reykjavik, they are already testing three hydrogen-powered electric buses．The drivers are impressed．“I like these buses better because with hydrogen you get no pollution,” said bus driver Rognvaldur Jonatanison．By the middle of this century, all Icelanders will be required to run their cars only on hydrogen fuel, meaning no more gasoline．
“If we make hydrogen and use that as a fuel for transportation then we can run the whole society on our own local renewable energy sources,”said Marie Mack．Icelanders are showing the world that by making fuel from water, it is possible to kick the oil habit．
(1)
From Paragraph 1 we may infer that ________．
[ ]
A．
Iceland lacks natural resources
B．
volcanoes do more good than harm to Iceland
C．
Iceland mainly depends on oil for energy
D．
Iceland’s electricity is made from coal
(2)
Which of the following is necessary during the period of turning water into fuel according to Paragraph 2?
The Chinese Antarctica expedition returned to Shanghai last Friday following a month living on the ice．It was the First time Chinese scientists had visited the Amery Ice Shelf?the longest ice shelf in the world．The team collected ice samples and data on temperatures, which are necessary for research on global warming．So far, about 27 countries have visited Antarctica for scientific research．Although the living conditions are very hard, many scientists have to stay there for long periods of time．So, how do they manage their lives on the ice?
During the summer, the temperature in Antarctica reaches about －20℃．It falls to about －60℃ in winter．So, even if there are 24 hours of sunshine, scientists must keep wearing all the correct clothes to protect them from the cold．These clothes include jeans, running shoes, jackets, long underwear, boots and woolen socks．Although highly technical clothing provides much protection against the extreme cold, scientists often need to go outside when there is an icy wind blowing and the temperature is －30℃．Natural protection such as facial hair can also help．"That's why many researchers wear a beard．It really does keep you warm, " says German explorer Arved Fuchs．
Usually, the polar researchers have good meals．Some even have feasts on holidays like Christmas and New Year's Day．Vegetables are always welcomed and usually finished the quickest．Life on the ice means living with other researchers in tight living spaces．Most people sleep in dormitory．More remote field camps use separate tents．So．at least some researchers don't have to put up with annoying snorers．
(1)
Why did researchers visit Amery Ice Shelf?
[ ]
A．
Because Amery Ice Shelf is the largest and most typical ice shelf．
B．
Because they wanted to challenge themselves in extreme climate．
C．
Because they desired to collect ice samples and data to study global warming．
D．
Because they were curious of the living conditions there．
(2)
What is the matter that researchers care most for living in Antarctica?
[ ]
A．
Taking advantage of rare sunshine
B．
Putting up with annoying bears
C．
Having access to rich food
D．
Protecting themselves from coldness
(3)
What most describes the living space of most researchers on the Amery Ice Shelf?
[ ]
A．
Small
B．
Changing
C．
Remote
D．
Unbearable
(4)
What does the underlined word of "snorers" mean?
[ ]
A．
Those who wear a beard
B．
Those who like to do research on their own
C．
Those who have vegetables as their main food
D．
Those who breathe roughly and noisily while sleeping
阅读理解
Remember those highly charged first days? They were full of real-life tests where there was always something new to learn, and not always from a book．One of my first lessons occurred on my first day of kindergarten, when I got on the wrong bus－as my older sister still likes to remind me．
Life’s minor embarrassments do happen, and I know I can’t protect my own children from them．I just try to teach them to laugh at theirs like I do at mine．
My daughter Erin started on the wrong foot in the 1st grade, at a new school where she knew no one．All the other 1st graders couldn’t resist opening and closing, closing and opening their new desks．Wouldn't you know Erin would neither open nor close? She came to find out she was sitting on the wrong side!
Even getting around in a new school can be a challenge．Erin's older sister, Molly, almost missed her first lunch in junior high．The school secretary came to her rescue, arming her with the knowledge that while the gym and flex space were next door to each other, lunch was served only in the latter．
The first day sometimes has pitfalls for Mom and Dad, too．Once, I managed to stockpile(储备)Molly and Erin's school supplies as they went on sale the previous year．I thought everything was ready for the first day－oh, yeah! My victory dance was short-lived, however．After day one myladies rushed off the bus, both worried and confused, saying “Mom, we need wide-rule not college-rule paper, and three 2-inch notebooks instead of two 3-inch ones! And for standardized testing, standardized No．2 pencils only, please．”
Perhaps my favorite first-day memory happened the first time my two daughters went to full-day public school together, when I was understandably emotional．Erin noticed my red eyes and white smile．“You are happy and sad, huh, Mommy?” Such a sensitive girl! She added, “Just like the time when you were crying and laughing after the car stopped running on the ice and we were OK．” Well, at least I could laugh!
(1)
What happened to Molly the first day she went to junior high school?
[ ]
A．
She couldn't find her new classroom．
B．
She didn't know how to use her new desk．
C．
She couldn’t find the place to have lunch．
D．
She didn’t get along with her classmates．
(2)
What does the underlined word “pitfalls” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?
[ ]
A．
Unexpected problems．
B．
Great pleasures．
C．
Unnecessary worries．
D．
Painful experiences．
(3)
We can learn from the last paragraph that Erin _________．
