Remember those highly charged first days? They were full of real-life tests where there was always something new to learn, and not always from a book．One of my first lessons occurred on my first day of kindergarten, when I got on the wrong bus－as my older sister still likes to remind me．
Life’s minor embarrassments do happen, and I know I can’t protect my own children from them．I just try to teach them to laugh at theirs like I do at mine．
My daughter Erin started on the wrong foot in the 1st grade, at a new school where she knew no one．All the other 1st graders couldn’t resist opening and closing, closing and opening their new desks．Wouldn't you know Erin would neither open nor close? She came to find out she was sitting on the wrong side!
Even getting around in a new school can be a challenge．Erin's older sister, Molly, almost missed her first lunch in junior high．The school secretary came to her rescue, arming her with the knowledge that while the gym and flex space were next door to each other, lunch was served only in the latter．
The first day sometimes has pitfalls for Mom and Dad, too．Once, I managed to stockpile(储备)Molly and Erin's school supplies as they went on sale the previous year．I thought everything was ready for the first day－oh, yeah! My victory dance was short-lived, however．After day one myladies rushed off the bus, both worried and confused, saying “Mom, we need wide-rule not college-rule paper, and three 2-inch notebooks instead of two 3-inch ones! And for standardized testing, standardized No．2 pencils only, please．”
Perhaps my favorite first-day memory happened the first time my two daughters went to full-day public school together, when I was understandably emotional．Erin noticed my red eyes and white smile．“You are happy and sad, huh, Mommy?” Such a sensitive girl! She added, “Just like the time when you were crying and laughing after the car stopped running on the ice and we were OK．” Well, at least I could laugh!
(1)
What happened to Molly the first day she went to junior high school?
[ ]
A．
She couldn't find her new classroom．
B．
She didn't know how to use her new desk．
C．
She couldn’t find the place to have lunch．
D．
She didn’t get along with her classmates．
(2)
What does the underlined word “pitfalls” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?
[ ]
A．
Unexpected problems．
B．
Great pleasures．
C．
Unnecessary worries．
D．
Painful experiences．
(3)
We can learn from the last paragraph that Erin _________．
Going to sleep may seem pretty boring compared with all the fun things there are to do while you're awake．But there's a lot going on in your mind and body while you're tucked under those covers．
Sleep, in fact, is as important to your survival as eating and drinking．Sleep improves your mood, makes you a better athlete, and helps you remember and understand what you learned during the day．During sleep your temperature drops．Your heart rate slows．Down goes the pressure of the blood moving through your veins．A chemical that controls growth(called a hormone)surges into your bloodstream．Scientists think sleep restores energy and improves your immune(免疫)system．We know what happens while we're asleep because scientists study volunteers who sleep in laboratories．The sleepers are hooked up to machines that measure brain waves, eye movements and muscle activities．
Sleep is like a school day：it's divided into different periods, or stages．When you're awake, your brain waves fire rapidly．As you begin to relax and drift into the first stage of sleep, your brain produces slower-moving waves and you lose awareness of your surroundings．As you slide to deeper sleep, your body repairs itself from the normal wear and tear of daily life．Then, as you begin to drift back up to a lighter sleep, your mind becomes more alert(机警), and your dreams begin．You're in REM sleep．
REM was names far the“rapid eye movement' that happens while you're dreaming．During REM sleep, your eyes move back and forth behind your timed lids, as though you were washing a movie．During other stages, you might move at that in bed, but during REM sleep you're still．That's probably because if you could move, your body would act out your dreams．As you get closer to morning, you spend more time in REM than in deep sleep, so you dream more．Researchers know that during REM sleep the part of the brain that handles learning and thinking is very active．
Getting too little sleep can affect your personality．Experts recommend that children get at least nine hours d sleep a night．So sleep fight．
(1)
What does the word“recommend”in the last paragraph mean?
[ ]
A．
Suggest．
B．
Ask．
C．
Wish．
D．
Order
(2)
Sleep has many advantages except ________．
[ ]
A．
improving your mood
B．
making you strong
C．
helping you study
D．
practicing your eyes
(3)
During your sleep, ________．
①your body repairs itself from the normal wear and tear of daily life
②your brain produces slower-moving waves
③your dream begins
④you loose awareness of surroundings
Choose the right order：
[ ]
A．
①③②④
B．
②④①③
C．
④①③②
D．
④③①②
(4)
Suppose this is the course of your sleep, in which part of the course do you have dreams?
[ ]
A．
light sleep
B．
deep sleep
C．
light sleep
D．
the whole course
(5)
Which of the following is NOT right?
[ ]
A．
Hormone has something to do with your growth．
B．
You cannot move while you are in REM sleep, dreaming．
C．
The closer to morning, the more dreams you have．
D．
You may move around in your bed during your sleep．
阅读理解
Space is a dangerous place, not only because of meteors(流星), but also because of rays from the sun and other stars．The atmosphere again acts as our protective blanket on the earth．Light gets through, and this is necessary for plants to make the food which we eat．Heat, too, makes our environment suitable to live．Various kinds of rays come through the air from outer space, but enormous quantities of radiation from the sun are screened off．As soon as men leave the atmosphere they are exposed to this radiation but their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft, if they are inside, do prevent a lot of radiation damage．
Radiation is the greatest known danger to explorers in space．The unit of radiation is called “rem”．Scientists have reason to think that a man can put up with far more radiation than 0.1 rem
without being damaged; the figure of 60 rems has been agreed on．The trouble is that it is extremely difficult to be sure about radiation damage a person may feel perfectly well, but the cells of his or her sex organs may be damaged, and this will not be discovered until the birth of deformed(畸形的)children or even grandchildren．Missions of the Apollo flights have had to cross belts of high radiation and, during the outward and return journeys, the Apollo crew accumulated a large amount of rems．So far, no dangerous amounts of radiation have been reported, but the Apollo missions have been quite short．We simply do not know yet how men are going to get on when they spend weeks and months outside the protection of the atmosphere, working in a space laboratory．Drugs might help to decrease the damage done by radiation, but no really effective ones have been found so far．
(1)
According to the first paragraph, the atmosphere is necessary to man because of the following reason EXCEPT________
[ ]
A．
protecting him against the harmful rays from space
B．
providing sufficient light for plant growth
C．
suppling the heat necessary for human survival
D．
screening off the falling meteors
(2)
We learn from the passage that ________
[ ]
A．
exposure to even tiny amounts of radiation is fatal
B．
the effect of exposure to radiation is slow in coming
C．
radiation is avoidable in space exploration
D．
astronauts in spacesuits needn’t worry about radiation damage
(3)
The harm radiation that has been done to the Apollo crew members ________
[ ]
A．
is insignificant
B．
is enormous
C．
seems overestimated
D．
remains unknown
(4)
It can be inferred from the passage that________
[ ]
A．
the Apollo mission was very successful
B．
the protection from space radiation is no easy job
C．
astronauts may possibly have deformed children or grandchildren
D．
radiation is not a threat to well-protected space explorers
(5)
Which of the following is TRUE?
[ ]
A．
Space is dangerous only because of meteors．
B．
Explorers in space have to avoid the damage from radiation
C．
We have got effective ways to treat illnesses caused by radiation．
D．
The atmosphere doesn’t screen off radiation
阅读理解
Going to sleep may seem pretty boring compared with all the fun things there are to do while you' re awake．But there' s a lot going on in your mind and body while you' re tucked under those covers．
Sleep, in fact, is as important to your survival(生存)as eating and drinking．Sleep improves your mood, makes you a better athlete, and helps you remember and understand what you learned during the day．During sleep your temperature drops．Your heart rate slows．Down goes the pressure of the blood moving through your veins．A chemical that controls growth(called a hormone)surges into your bloodstream．Scientists think sleep restores energy and boosts(improves)your immune(免疫)system．We know what happens while we're asleep because scientists study volunteers who sleep in laboratories．The sleepers are hooked(钩)up to machines that measure brain waves, eye movements and muscle activities．
Sleep is like a school day：it's divided into different periods, or stages．When you're awake, your brain waves fire rapidly．As you begin to relax and drift into the first stage of sleep, your brain produces slower-moving waves and you lose awareness of your surroundings．As you slide to deeper sleep, your body repairs itself from the normal wear and tear of daily life．Then, as you begin to drift back up to a lighter sieep, your mind becomes more alert(机警), and your dreams begin．You're in REM sleep．
REM was names far the "rapid eye movement' that happens while you're dreaming．During REM sleep, your eyes move back and forth behind your timed lids, as though you were washing a movie．During other stages, you might move at--at in bed, but during REM sleep you're still．That's probably because if you could move, your body would act out your dreams．As you get closer to morning, you spend more time in REM than in deep sleep, so you dream more．Researchers know that during REM sleep the part of the brain that handles learning and thinking is very active．
Getting too little sleep can affect your personality．Experts recommend that children get at least nine hours d sleep a night．So sleep fight．
(1)
What does the word "recommend" in the last paragraph mean?
[ ]
A．
Suggest．
B．
Ask．
C．
Wish．
D．
Order
(2)
Sleep has many advantages except ________．
[ ]
A．
improving your mood
B．
making you strong
C．
helping you study
D．
practicing your eyes
(3)
During your sleep, ________
①your body repairs itself from the normal wear and tear of daily life
②your brain produces slower-moving waves
③your dream begins
④you loose awareness of surroundings
Choose the right order：
[ ]
A．
①③②④
B．
②④①③
C．
④①③②
D．
④③①②
(4)
Suppose this is the course of your sleep, in which part of the course do you have dreams?
[ ]
A．
light sleep
B．
deep sleep
C．
light sleep
D．
the whole course
(5)
Which of the following is NOT right?
[ ]
A．
Hormone has something to do with your growth．
B．
You cannot move while you are in REM sleep, dreaming．
C．
The closer to morning, the more dreams you have．
D．
You may move around in your bed during your sleep．
阅读理解
Few of us make money by losing sleep．But three graduate students at Brown University in Providence built a company around sleep deprivation(睡眠不足)．
Jason Donahue, Ben Rubin and Eric Shashoua were working late nights in Brown’s business and engineering schools．They began thinking about ways to sleep better．They discovered they weren’t alone in burning the midnight oil．Around 20％ of Americans get less than six hours of rest a night．
The friends imagined a smart alarm clock that could track how much time people spend in the most restorative(有回复作用的)stages of the sleep cycle：REM(rapid eye movement)and deep sleep．What would it cost to design such a thing? Five years of research, 20 employees, ＄14 million and a whole lot of doubting from investors and scientists．
Their company, Zeo, based in Newton, Mass, launched its product in June, 2009．The Zeo device uses a headband with tiny sensors(传感器)that scan your brain for signs of four sleep states －REM, light, deep and waking sleep．The smart alarm clock displays a graph of your sleep pattern and wakes you as you’re not in REM sleep(which is when you’re least groggy)．In the morning you can upload the data to the company’s Web site, and so track your sleep over time．Most of the feedback comes in the form of Zeo’s ZQ score showing how well you’ve slept．
“Zeo allows people to unlock this black box of sleep,” says Dave Dickinson, a health-care CEO．
Whether any of this actually improves sleep is up to the consumer, who will also need to make lifestyle changes like cutting out alcohol before bedtime or caffeine after 3 pm．
For now the company is selling Zeo online only．Dickinson also plans to spread it to countries such as Australia, where sleep deprivation approaches US levels．
(1)
Who will support Zeo?
[ ]
A．
People full of imagination．
B．
People suffering sleeping problems．
C．
People having access to the Internet．
D．
People having bad lifestyles．
(2)
Why did the three graduate students imagine a smart alarm clock?
[ ]
A．
To wake them up on time in the morning．
B．
To earn enough money for their study．
C．
To improve the quality of people’s sleep．
D．
To enjoy their life while working at night．
(3)
To design the Zeo device, the three graduate students _________．
[ ]
A．
spent much time and money
B．
were widely supported by scientists
C．
worked by themselves all the time
D．
attracted many investors
(4)
What can we know from the passage?
[ ]
A．
Zeo has a direct effect on users’ lifestyles．
B．
It needs more personal efforts to make Zeo function better．
C．
A large quantity of Zeo devices have been sold in Australia．
D．
Consumers can go to the Zeo company to purchase Zeo in person．
阅读理解
Few of us make money by losing sleep．But three graduate students at Brown University in Providence built a company around sleep deprivation(睡眠不足)．
Jason Donahue, Ben Rubin and Eric Shashoua were working late nights in Brown's business and engineering schools．They began thinking about ways to sleep better．They discovered they weren't alone in burning the midnight oil．Around 20％ of Americans get less than six hours of rest a night．
The friends imagined a smart alarm clock that could track how much time people spend in the most restorative(有回复作用的)stages of the sleep cycle：REM(rapid eye movement)and deep sleep．What would it cost to design such a thing? Five years of research, 20 employees, ＄14 million and a whole lot of doubting from investors and scientists．
Their company, Zeo, based in Newton, Mass, launched its product in June, 2009．The Zeo device uses a headband with tiny sensors(传感器)that scan your brain for signs of four sleep states- REM, light, deep and waking sleep．The smart alarm clock displays a graph of your sleep pattern and wakes you as you're not in REM sleep(which is when you're least groggy)．In the morning you can upload the data to the company's Web site, and so track your sleep over time．Most of the feedback comes in the form of Zeo's ZQ score showing how well you've slept．
"Zeo allows people to unlock this black box of sleep," says Dave Dickinson, a health-care CEO．
Whether any of this actually improves sleep is up to the consumer, who will also need to make lifestyle changes like cutting out alcohol before bedtime or caffeine after 3 pm．
For now the company is selling Zeo online only．Dickinson also plans to spread it to countries such as Australia, where sleep deprivation approaches US levels．
(1)
Who will support Zeo?
[ ]
A．
People full of imagination．
B．
People suffering sleeping problems．
C．
People having access to the Internet．
D．
People having bad lifestyles．
(2)
Why did the three graduate students imagine a smart alarm clock?
[ ]
A．
To wake them up on time in the morning．
B．
To earn enough money for their study．
C．
To improve the quality of people's sleep．
D．
To enjoy their life while working at night．
(3)
To design the Zeo device, the three graduate students _________．
[ ]
A．
spent much time and money
B．
were widely supported by scientists
C．
worked by themselves all the time
D．
attracted many investors
(4)
What can we know from the passage?
[ ]
A．
Zeo has a direct effect on users' lifestyles．
B．
It needs more personal efforts to make Zeo function better．
C．
A large quantity of Zeo devices have been sold in Australia．
D．
Consumers can go to the Zeo company to purchase Zeo in person．
