Did you know that there are actually people who have paid for a flight to the moon? In the future, there will be a lot more opportunities to travel to faraway places than now- perhaps even as far as t 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

Did you know that there are actually people who have paid for a flight to the moon? In the future, there will be a lot more opportunities to travel to faraway places than now… perhaps even as far as the moon. As people adventure further and further away and as planes, trains, cars, and rocket ships become faster, is it safer to have these vehicles controlled by humans or by computers?

While many flights by plane are controlled automatically by machines, most people today wouldn’t let their car drive itself. That’s because currently the autopilot function on your car can only keep it on the same course you are travelling on. It won’t turn the car right or left. It won’t stop if an animal jumps in the way. However, cars today can sense when something is too close and warn the driver with flashing lights and alarms. Many cars also have GPS（global positioning systems） that tell drivers which road to take and when to turn. These systems, unlike human drivers, never get lost. In the future, it is easy to believe that your car will be better able to drive itself with the aid of computers that can determine the position of your car and the speed it should travel at.

In addition to computers being ‘smarter’ than people regarding the best way to go or knowing how close another vehicle is, computers don’t get sick, tired, or angry. This means they won’t make the same mistakes that people make when they are not having a good day. While responding with emotion is a good thing when choosing the best way to deal with a friend’s personal problem, it may not be such a good thing when deciding what to do at the wheel of a fast-moving vehicle.

So what are the disadvantages of autopilot systems? Maybe one disadvantage is that a small computer problem could cause a serious accident. It could also be argued that in unexpected situations, computers might not be able to respond appropriately; some decisions require human emotions. Another problem might be that if everything were controlled by computers or robots, people wouldn’t have any jobs.

1.What is the best title for the passage?

A. The Development of Autopilot

B. Technology of Future Travel

C. A New Driving System

D. Computerized Cars

2.Which of the following is the disadvantage of an autopilot system?

A. It won’t make the same mistakes as people do.

B. It can point out the best route for the driver.

C. It might not respond properly to unexpected situations.

D. It does not have human emotions to influence its function.

3.If some falling rocks roll down toward your car, the autopilot on your car will_______.

A. inform you of the danger

B. turn the car right or left

C. do nothing about it

D. stop the car

4.What’s the author’s attitude towards the autopilot?

A. Approving. B. Objective. C. Negative. D. Doubtful.

1.B

2.C

3.A

4.B

【解析】

试题分析：文章介绍未来人类可以利用自动驾驶仪来操纵自己的汽车，文章客观的介绍了自动驾驶仪的优缺点。

考点：考查科普类短文

练习册系列答案

相关题目

Choosing the Right Resolution (决定)

Millions of Americans began 2014 with the same resolution they started 2013 with, a goal of losing weight. However, setting weight loss as a goal is a mistake.

To reach our goal of losing weight --- the output, we need to control what we eat --- the input ( 输入). That is, we tend to care about the output but not to control the input. This is a bad way to construce goals. The alternative is to focus your resolution on the input. Instead of resolving to lose weight, try an actionable resolution: “I’ll stop having desert for lunch,” or “I’ll walk every day for 20 minutes.” Creating a goal that focuses on a well-specified input will likely be more effective than concentrating on the outcome.

Recently a new science behind incentives (激励) , including in education, has been discussed. For example, researcher Roland Fryer wanted to see what works best in motivating children to do better in school. In some cases, he gave students incentives based on input, like reading certain books, while in others, the incentives were based on output, like results on exams. His main finding was that incentives increased achievement when based on input but had no effect on output. Fryer’s conclusion was that the intensives for inputs might be more effective because do not knoe how to do better on exam, aside from general rules like “study harder.” Reading certain books, on the other hand, is a well-set task over which they have much more control.

As long as you have direct control over your goal, you have a much higher chance of success. And it’s easier to start again if you fail, because you know exactly what you need to do.

If you want to cut down on your spending, a good goal would be making morning coffee at home instead of going to a cafe, for example. This is a well-specified action-based goal for which you can measure your success easily. Spending less money isn’t a goal because it’s too general. Similarly, if you want to spend more time with your family, don’t stop with this general wish. Think bout an actionable habit that you could adopt and stick to, like a family movie night every Wednesday.

In the long run, these new goals could become a habit.

1.The writer thinks that setting weight loss as a goal is a mistake because _______ .

A. it is hard to achieve for most Americans

B. it is focused too much on the result

C. it is dependent on too many things

D. it is based on actionable decisions

2.In Roland Fryer’s research, some students did better than the others because ______ .

A. they obeyed all the general rules

B. they paid more attention to exams

C. they were motivated by their classmates

D. they were rewarded for reading some books

3.According to the writer, which of the following statements is a good goal?

A. “I’ll give up desert.”

B. “I’ll study harder.”

C. “I’ll cut down my expense”

D. “I’ll spend more time with my family”

4.The writer strongly believes that we should ________ .

A. develop good habits and focus on the outcome

B. be optimistic about final goals and stick to them

C. pick specific actions that can be turned into good habits

D. set ambitious goals that can balance the input ang output

根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上。选项中有两项为多余选项。

一Hello, Jack. You are getting ready for tomorrow’s lessons, aren’t you?

一Yes，I’m a bit nervous. 1.

一I understand how you are feeling. You’l1 make a lot of friends very soon.

一Thank you. I'll try my best to get used to my new school life as soon as possible. . 2.

一At 8 o’clock. . 3.一Say it, please.

一Before class we have ten minutes to hand in homework and then 20 minutes for morning reading.

一That’s to say, we must get to school at 7:25. Five minutes later we will hand in homework. Right?

一Right. 4.一Well, I hear that lunch time is nearly 12 o’clock and I’ 11 be starving by then.

一Don’t worry 5.

一That’s great.

A. So I suggest that you get up before 7:00.

B. I really don’t know what to do after class.

C. By the way, what time does the first class begin?

D. How long will it take us to finish our homework?

E. But there is other suggested time you should remember.

F. During the break after the second class, we can buy something to eat.

G. I have no idea what’11 happen in class and how I'll get along with my classmates.

假如你是李华，于11月12日到达纽约，然后去找你的美国朋友Tom, 但他不在家。请按以下内容给Tom 留张便条。

1. 火车晚点15分钟，与接你的Tom 错过。

2. 在火车上认识的定居美国的华人夫妇Taylor 把你带到Tom家，Tom不在；

3. 目前在Taylor 夫妇家；

4. 务必今晚打电话给你；电话号码是64611128.

注意

1. 词数100左右；

2. 不要逐字翻译，可适当增加细节以使行文连贯；

3. 信的开头已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Tom,

I’m in New York!

_____________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

How the Grand Canyon (大峡谷) was created remains one of the geology’s greatest mysteries. Some evidence suggests that the process was a gradual one in which the Colorado River (which runs through the canyon) slowly cut deeper and deeper into the ground over millions of years. But volcanic rock samples taken from the canyon now suggest that the canyon was down-cut instead.

Down-cutting is when a flood of water rushes over a landscape (地形) with enough force to cut deeply into the ground and leaves behind a canyon. Such a flood is usually released when a natural or man-made dam (堤坝) bursts.

Robert Webb, a research geologist, says natural dams seem to have formed and broken across the Colorado River several times during the last million years. The dams were built when lava(熔岩) from the eruptions of nearby volcanoes flowed into the river. The lava hardened into hard rocks and blocked the river, causing it to back up and form a lake. Each time the lake grew so huge that it broke the rock dam, releasing a flash flood that furthered the down-cutting process and deepened the canyon.

Down-cutting is not just an earthly event. Satellite photos sent back from Mars suggest that the process has happened there, too, say many other researchers.

The photos, taken by the Mars Global Surveyor, indicate that an enormous lake existed on Mars 3.5 billion years ago. The lake spilled into a large nearby hole. One edge of the hole broke, releasing a flash flood that quickly carved out a grand canyon.

The existence of down-cutting on Mars is just one more piece of evidence that the cold, dry planet was once warm and wet.

1.In the past, deep canyons were believed to have formed _______.

A. as a result of a sudden break of volcanoes

B. due to river flows over millions of years

C. owing to the burst of artificial dams

D. thanks to our ancestors’ creative work

2.According to the passage, which of the following statements is TURE?

A. Several volcanoes broke out on Mars directly creating grand canyons.

B. Several great lakes existed on the upper parts of the Colorado River.

C. People built high dams on the upper parts of the Colorado River.

D. The Colorado River crossed the Grand Canyon to form down-cutting.

3.From the last three paragraphs we learn that _______.

A. there are great lakes on Mars

B. there are active volcanoes on Mars

C. there might be cities on Mars

D. there might be life on Mars

4.The passage can be titled as _______.

A. Lakes on Earth and Mars

B. The Cause of Lake Formation

C. The Force of Dam Breaking

D. Canyons—Results of Flood Cutting

— What do you want for breakfast, Mike?

— I think I _______ some bread and milk.

A. am going to have B. had C. will have D. am having

I have learned that clothes ______ online are of poor quality.

A. bought B. buying C. to buy D. having bought

Teaching is a difficult job ______ requires great skill and patience．

A．which B．where

C．who D．why

试题分类