题目内容
8．A recent study has found that the risk of dementia（痴呆） can increase if people live near a main road．According to the research，waste gas and noise from a busy road lead to one in ten dementia deaths of the 6.6 million patients investigated．Air pollution is already known to contribute to the deaths of around 40，000 people in Britain each year by worsening breathing and heart conditions，while previous research showed emissions （排放物） can cause brain shrinkage．But the new study by Canadian public health scientists is the first to find a link between living close to heavy traffic and the increasing of dementia，a discovery described as"believable"and"impressive"by British experts．
Dr Hong Chen said．"Our study suggests that busy roads could be a source of environmental stressors that could give rise to the onset of dementia．Population growth and urbanization has placed many people close to heavy traffic，and with widespread exposure to heavy traffic and growing rates of dementia，even a modest effect from near-road exposure could cause a large public health burden．More research to understanding this link is needed，particularly into the effects of different aspects of traffic，such as air pollutants and noise．"
In the new study，the team tracked all adults aged between 20 and 85 living in Ontario for more than a decade from 2001 to 2012．They used postcodes to determine how close people lived to a main road and analyzed medical records to see if they went on to develop dementia，Parkinson's disease or multiple sclerosis（多发性硬化）．
While there was no correlation between living near a road and Parkinson's disease or multiple sclerosis，
dementia risk reduced as people lived further from a main road，with a 7 percent higher risk in developing dementia among those living within 50 metres； a 4percent higher risk at 50-100 metres and a 2 percent higher risk at 101-200 metres．After 200 metres there was no increase．Researchers believe that noise of traffic may also play a role in the raised risk as well as other urban pollution，which is often present near busy roads．
28．What can we know about Canadian's new study？C
A．British experts think highly of it．
B．It brings benefits to dementia patients．
C．It shows that air production is very serious．
D．It shows that air pollution can cause brain shrinkage．
29．What Dr Hong Chen said showed thatD．
A．people are diagnosed with dementia mainly due to air pollution
B．widespread exposure to traffic will reduce the risk of having dementia
C．the link between living near roads and having dementia was not obvious
D．busy roads could be a source of environmental stressors that caused dementia to increase
30．What does the underlined the word‘correlation'mean？B
A．Change．
B．Improvement．
C．Affection．
D．Secret
31．What can be inferred from the last paragraph？A
A．Living near a main road adds to the risk of noise．
B．Living beyond 300metres of a main road is safe for people．
C．Living within 200metres of a main road has a lower risk of having dementia．
D．The further people live away from heavy traffic，the smaller the risk of having dementia．
分析 文章主要讲了城市的交通噪音引发了很多疾病．
解答 28．C 细节理解题．根据文章内容Air pollution is already known to contribute to the deaths of around 40，000 people in Britain each year by worsening breathing and heart conditions，据了解，空气污染每年导致英国约40000人死亡，原因是呼吸和心脏状况恶化．故选C．
29．D 细节理解题．根据文章内容．"Our study suggests that busy roads could be a source of environmental stressors that could give rise to the onset of dementia．Population growth and urbanization has placed many people close to heavy traffic，and with widespread exposure to heavy traffic and growing rates of dementia，even a modest effect from near-road exposure could cause a large public health burden．More research to understanding this link is needed，particularly into the effects of different aspects of traffic，such as air pollutants and noise．"我们的研究表明，繁忙的道路可能是导致老年痴呆症发病的环境压力源．"人口增长和城市化使许多人接近繁忙的交通，并广泛接触交通拥挤和痴呆率的增长，即使是近距离道路暴露的轻微影响也会造成很大的公共卫生负担，需要更多的研究来了解这一联系，特别是交通的不同方面，如空气污染物和噪音的影响．"故选D．
30．B 词义猜测题．根据文章内容While there was no correlation between living near a road and Parkinson's disease or multiple sclerosis，虽然住在公路附近和帕金森氏病或多发性硬化症没有相关性，但通过后文得知也做出了一定的改变．故该词在文章中的含义为改进．故选B．
31．A 细节理解题．根据文章内容Researchers believe that noise of traffic may also play a role in the raised risk as well as other urban pollution，which is often present near busy roads．研究人员认为，交通噪音也可能对增加的风险以及其他城市污染造成影响，而城市污染往往是在繁忙的道路上出现的．故选A．
点评 做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．
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18．It is often assumed that girls and boys me genetically determined from birth to develop in different ways．Scientific studies have actually found that there are more similarities than differences when it comes to how girls and boys develop mentally and how they learn new skills．However，on the whole，girls are more likely to be tailkative，self-motivated，able to understand other people's feelings，and likely to have better verbal （言语的）skills，which help them with reveling and writing，Boyst on the other hand，are more likely to be competitive and less able to understand others'feelings．However?they tend to develop superior spatial （空间的）skills which help with maths and science．
The gap in achievement has led some teachers to believe that single-sex lessons in core subject are the way forward when it comes to motivating male students and improving hoys"grades．They argue that boys，for instance，feel less discouraged in subjects like literacy when there are no female students in the classroom to compete with．
Some schools believe that a mule presence-whether it is a male teacher or more involvement from dad at home-is a key factor in motivating boys and improving their grades．Others advocate a more"boy，friendly"environment at school whether it's stocking more books in the library that appeal to boys or trying out different teaching styles in lessons to engage boys in learning．
Your child's education doesn't just stop in the classroom．You played central role in their learning development before they went to school and you'll continue to be a primary role model throughout their school years．
If your children are primary-aged and struggling with reading or writing，ask their class teacher how you can best help your child．Perhaps their teacher could recommend some short，fm activities you could do together at home or a selection of suitable and appealing books you could read with your child．
If your child is at secondary school and Jailing with all the normal teenage anxieties on top of struggling with their studies*they may just tell you they don't want to talk about it．Explain that you also found some subjects difficult and you want to help if you can．Again，lots of encouragement can go a long way．
But if you feel you're not the best person to talk to your teenage son or daughter about their school work．ask for help from someone else your child trusts-this might be a teacher they like，a close family friend or a relative．
Title：Learning Development of Girls and Boys．
The gap in achievement has led some teachers to believe that single-sex lessons in core subject are the way forward when it comes to motivating male students and improving hoys"grades．They argue that boys，for instance，feel less discouraged in subjects like literacy when there are no female students in the classroom to compete with．
Some schools believe that a mule presence-whether it is a male teacher or more involvement from dad at home-is a key factor in motivating boys and improving their grades．Others advocate a more"boy，friendly"environment at school whether it's stocking more books in the library that appeal to boys or trying out different teaching styles in lessons to engage boys in learning．
Your child's education doesn't just stop in the classroom．You played central role in their learning development before they went to school and you'll continue to be a primary role model throughout their school years．
If your children are primary-aged and struggling with reading or writing，ask their class teacher how you can best help your child．Perhaps their teacher could recommend some short，fm activities you could do together at home or a selection of suitable and appealing books you could read with your child．
If your child is at secondary school and Jailing with all the normal teenage anxieties on top of struggling with their studies*they may just tell you they don't want to talk about it．Explain that you also found some subjects difficult and you want to help if you can．Again，lots of encouragement can go a long way．
But if you feel you're not the best person to talk to your teenage son or daughter about their school work．ask for help from someone else your child trusts-this might be a teacher they like，a close family friend or a relative．
Title：Learning Development of Girls and Boys．
| （71）Genderdifferences | Boys and girls are supposed to develop differently because of their（72）genes Boys and girls have different （73）characteristicswhich determine I heir behaviours and spccialihcs． |
| Impact on learning and achievement | Some teachers don't think a （ 74）mixedschool or class is good for boys as far as their achievement is concerned． They believe boys will lose （75）couragein learning reading and writing when staying with girls in one classroom， Some schools try to increase boy students'grades by providing them with （76）malemen teachers． Some schools try to （77）satisfy/meetboys'demands for learning by improving various （78）conditions |
| Motivate and encourage your child | （79）Parentslike yon are a vital factor in children、growth in their learning， You can ask your child's teacher for advice about how to help your child- It is helpful for you to （80）encourageyour child to overcome difficulties by sharing your own experiences． |