Question

16．Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since．A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water．He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away．He can play，catch and hit a ball as well as his son．A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins"Twinkle，twinkle，little star"or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears．
   One explanation is the law of overlearning，which can be stated as follows：Once we have learned something，additional（额外的） learning trials（尝试）increase the length（长度） of time we will remember it．
   In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming，bicycle riding，and playing baseball long after we have learned them．We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as"Twinkle，twinkle，little star"and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks．We not only learn but overlearn．
  The multiplication tables（乘法口诀表）are an exception（例外） to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school，because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood．
   The law of overlearning explains why cramming（突击学习）for an examination，though it may result in a passing grade，is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course．By cramming，a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination，but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned．A little overlearning，on the other hand，is really necessary for one's future development．
32．What is the main idea of paragraph I？C
A．Poem reading is a good way to learn words．
B．Children have a better memory than grown-ups．
C．People remember well what they learned in childhood．
D．Stories for children arc easy to remember．
33．The author explains the law of overlearning byD．
A．presenting research findings             
B．using examples
C．making a comparison                  
D．setting down general rules
34．What does the word"they"in Paragraph 4 refer to？A
A．The multiplication tables．
B．Commonly accepted rules．
C．Things easily forgotten．
D．School subjects．
35．What is the author's opinion on cramming？C
A．It leads to failure in college exams．
B．It's possible to result in poor memory．
C．It's helpful only in a limited way．
D．It increases students'learning interest．

Answer 1

分析 本文是一篇议论文，主要论述我们成年人常常惊叹能很好地记着儿时学过的东西，这是儿时过度学习的结果，是因为当我们儿时学会一样东西的时候，我们不是就此停止，而是继续练习，才使我们记忆深刻．过度学习，就是当我们学过了一遍新的东西，补充学习的尝试能让我们更长时间地记住它．突击学习，学生可能会很好地通过考试，但会很快地忘记所学过的大部分东西．微不足道的过度学习，对于一个人的发展是十分必要的．

解答 32．C    段落大意题．根据本段第一句"Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since．"可知，本段讲述的是人们经常能够记住我们小时候所学的内容．接下来还举了另外几个例子来说明．故选C．
33．D    推理判断题．根据第三段"In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming，bicycle riding，and playing baseball long after we have learned them"，说明作者是通过举例说明的方法来解释这个原理的，故选D．
34． A   词意猜测题．根据第三段中"The multiplication tables（乘法口诀表）are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school"可知，乘法口诀也是过度学习的一个结果，因此这里"them"是指代"过度学习的一个结果"，故选A．
35．C    推理判断题．根据文章最后一段"The law of over learning explains why cramming （突击学习）for an examination，though it may result in a passing grade，is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course．By cramming，a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination，but he's likely soon to forget almost everything he learned．"可知，cramming （突击学习）的效果只能延续很短的时间，突击学习，学生可能会很好地通过考试，但他会很快地忘记他所学过的大部分东西，所以说只在有限的方面起作用．故选C．

点评 做阅读时经常犯错的主要原因是，仅凭读过文章后残留在脑海中的一丝印象来勾选答案，这样便很容易掉入出题人故意设布下的题目陷阱．所谓阅读理解，对于题目的理解一定要忠实于原文，因此，每一道题都应该与原文作全面的对比与核查，再得出答案．也就是说，阅读理解的每一道题目，在原文都应该有明确的出处，我们把这一出处叫做原文相关句，（1）排除与原文相关句主题不一致的选项（2）排除与原文相关句态度相反的选项  （3）排除用于过于极端或负面的选项（4）注意结合文章主旨和主题去排除．