题目内容
11.Overpopulation is one of the serious problems that the whole world is facing.Manycountries are trying to handle it.Among them,Brazil has become one of the developing world's great successes at reducing population growth-but more by accident than design.While countries such as India have made joint efforts to reduce birth rates,Brazil has had better result without really trying,says George Martine at Harvard.
Brazil's population growth rate has dropped from 2.99% a year between 1951and 1960to 1.93% a year between 1981and 1990,and Brazilian women now have only 2.7children on average.Martine says this figure may have fallen still further since 1990,an achievement that makes it the envy of many other Third World countries.
Martine puts it down to,among other things,soap operas and installment (分期付款) plans introduced in the 1970s.both played an important,although indirect,role in lowering the birth rate.Brazil is one of the world's biggest producers of soap operas.Globo,Brazil's most popular television network,shows three hours of soaps six nights a week,while three others show at least one hour a night.Most soaps are based on wealthy characters living the high life in big cities.
"Although they have never really tried to work in a message towards the problems of reproduction,they describe middle and upper class values-not many children,different attitudes towards sex,women working,"says Martine."They sent this image to all parts of Brazil and made people conscious of other patterns of behavior and other values,which were put into a very attractive package."
Meanwhile,the installment plans tried to encourage the poor to become consumers."This led to an enormous change in consumption (消耗、消费) patterns and consumption was incompatible (不相容的) with unlimited reproduction."Says Martine.
68.According to the passage,Brazil has cut back its population growthB.
A.by educating its citizens
B.by chance
C.by developing TV programs
D.by careful family planning
69.According to the passage,many Third World countriesB.
A.haven't attacked much importance to birth control
B.haven't yet found an effective measure to control their population
C.would soon join Brazil in controlling their birth rate
D.neglected the role of TV plays in family planning
70.Soap operas have helped in lowering Brazil's birth rate becauseC.
A.they keep people sitting long hours watching TV
B.people are drawn to their attractive package
C.they have gradually changed people's way of life
D.they popularize birth control measures
71.What is Martine's conclusion about Brazil's population growth?D
A.The increase in birth rate will increase consumption.
B.A country's production is limited by its population growth.
C.Consumption patterns and reproduction patterns are contradictory (互相矛盾的)
D.The desire for consumption helps to reduce birth rate.
分析 本文主要讲述巴西减少人口数量的方法.
解答 BBCD
68 B 细节题.由第一段第三句"Among them,Brazil has become one of the developing world's great successes at reducing population growth-but more by accident than design"可知,巴西人口减少是偶然导致的,故正确答案为B.
69 B 细节题.由第一段最后一句"While countries such as India have made joint efforts to reduce birth rates,Brazil has had better result without really trying,says George Martine at Harvard",以及第二段最后一句"an achievement that makes it the envy of many other Third World countries."巴西成为第三世界国家嫉妒的对象,可知巴西成功了而其他第三世界国家没有,即很多其他第三世界国家还没有找到控制人口的有效的办法.故正确答案为B.
70 C 细节题.由第四段最后一句"They sent this image to all parts of Brazil and made people conscious of other patterns of behavior and other values,which were put into a very attractive package"可知,肥皂剧大多数描述的都是精英家庭,这种"精英家庭孩子很少"的印象已经深入人心,对他们很有影响力,故正确答案为C.
71 D 细节题.由最后一段最后一句"This led to an enormous change in consumption (消耗、消费) patterns and consumption was incompatible (不相容的) with unlimited reproduction"可知,消费观念的改变对人们的生育问题有很大影响,故正确答案为D.
点评 学生需要认真阅读原文,把握文章大意,对文章脉络有整体的了解,能仔细查找文中细节,并能根据文章内容进行合理的推测判断.
Sometimes a person's independence is a (44)B of pride,daring,stubbornness and luck.I used to be too(45)C since I was little.I was once a traveler who never asked for (46)C,choosing instead to struggle with maps and signs until I found my way.
Then one day on the island of Koh Phangan,in Thailand,everything(47)A.I was swimming in the ocean with Sean,my fiancé,when he was(48)D by a box jellyfish(箱形水母).He (49)B within three minutes,25years old.Yet when onlookers and travelers asked if I wanted (50)A,stubborn pride and force of habit (51)B me accepting.But two young Israeli women stayed.(52)A my protest,they were with me even when the police tried to cover up the (53)B of Sean's death.It was listed as drunk drowning to avoid hurting the(54)D industry.The Israeli women (55)C have walked away.(56)C,without even telling me,they (57)A their schedule rather than leave me behind.
(58)B I didn't realize it at the time,I now believe I would not have(59)C the disaster without these great women.Actually,the person who needs help the most is usually the last person to ask for it.I have learned(60)D is better than refusing because it not only helps you walk out of trouble,but also helps you know the real meaning of life.
41.A.competing | B.dealing | C.confused | D.struggling |
42.A.offer | B.accept | C.seek | D.desire |
43.A.occasionally | B.frequently | C.usually | D.seldom |
44.A.range | B.mix | C.way | D.symbol |
45.A.creative | B.brave | C.independent | D.adventurous |
46.A.money | B.equipment | C.directions | D.suggestions |
47.A.changed | B.messed | C.happened | D.disappeared |
48.A.impressed | B.caught | C.followed | D.attacked |
49.A.sunk | B.died | C.failed | D.recovered |
50.A.company | B.advice | C.comfort | D.evidence |
51.A.kept | B.prevented | C.denied | D.suggested |
52.A.In spite of | B.In case of | C.In terms of | D.As a result of |
53.A.proof | B.cause | C.fact | D.news |
54.A.medicine | B.entertainment | C.fishing | D.tourism |
55.A.must | B.need | C.could | D.should |
56.A.Therefore | B.Otherwise | C.Instead | D.Besides |
57.A.delayed | B.made | C.considered | D.threw |
58.A.When | B.While | C.Because | D.If |
59.A.avoided | B.experienced | C.survived | D.suffered |
60.A.refusing | B.begging | C.giving | D.accepting |