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书面表达

假设你是李华， 你校学生会准备举办一次元宵节晚会。请你代表学生会给交换生Mike 发一封英文邀请函。主要内容包括：

1. 活动时间：1月22日晚7点到9点

2. 活动地点：铁人广场

3. 活动内容：赏灯、品尝元宵、猜灯谜等

注意：1. 词数100左右 2. 适当增加细节，使行文连贯；

参考词汇： 元宵节：Lantern Festival， 灯笼:lantern, 元宵：sweet dumpling 灯谜： lantern riddle

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Mary quickly closed the door of her room _________ her father could reach it to keep him out.

A. before B. when C. as D. while

It was my first day back home since starting college. A lot had changed in the last year. Not with my hometown but with me. I had left as a 17-year-old boy and had now returned as an 18-year-old man. In the city, I was living on my own, had a part-time job and was studying. Even the government recognized I was an adult: I had a driver’s license. So here I was, on my summer vacation, walking down the main street with my father, desperate for him to acknowledge how mature I was. When his recognition failed to appear, I took matters into my own hands. “Dad,” I said casually, “I’m thirsty. Let’s go for a beer.” It was the first time I’d ever mentioned beer in front of my father, let alone ask him to drink one with me.

He turned to me with a curious expression on his face. “A beer ? Well I guess you’re old enough now. Let’s go to Sailors’ Bar. It’s where my cousin Tom, your uncle, used to drink. You remember him, right?”

I had only some vague(模糊的) memories of my uncle. He was the black sheep of the family. We didn’t talk about him much. “What ever happened to Uncle Tom, Dad? I haven’t seen him in years,” I said as we continued towards the bar.

“Neither have I, unfortunately. He was a good kid once. But things changed,” my father said sadly. As a boy, he explained, there had been no better-behaved boy than Tom. But after leaving school, he moved to the city and fell in with bad company. He started going out every night, drinking in nightclubs and playing cards. Soon he lost everything and had to beg his mum to pay his debts. She agreed on the condition he returned home.

My dad took a deep breath and continued his tale. “Things settled down for a while. He married a lovely woman, gave up his bad habits. But it didn’t last. He was soon back to his old ways. He couldn’t resist. He was at Sailors’ Bar almost every night. His poor mother died of grief and shame. His wife followed her soon after.

“What ruined him was alcohol. He told me once, when a man begins drinking, he never knows where it’ll end. ‘So’, Tom warned me, ‘beware of your first drink!’

“He went from bad to worse. Last year Tom sent me a letter saying he had been found guilty of stealing, and sent to prison for ten years.”

Dad finished talking just as we reached the front of Sailors’ Bar. “Anyway, here we are. Let’s go in,” he said. But I understood. I put my arm around my father and said, “I’m not thirsty any more, Dad. Let’s go home.”

1.Why did the young man invite his father to drink a beer?

A. Because he was thirsty.

B. Because he wanted to show he was an adult.

C. Because he wanted to impress his father casually.

D. Because he wanted to discuss his Uncle Tom.

2.What does the young man mean by referring to Uncle Tom as “the black sheep of the family”?

A. The family was concerned about Tom because he was always in trouble.

B. The family showed sympathy to Tom because he was unfortunate.

C. The family felt ashamed of Tom because he was a failure.

D. The family felt disgusted about him because he was different.

3.What was the main source of Uncle Tom’s problems?

A. His overly-strict family.

B. His addiction to card games.

C. The deaths of his mother and wife.

D. His inability to control his drinking.

4.In the story, the father told his son about Tom in order to ________.

A. entertain the son while they walked to the bar

B. convince the son of the harm caused by drinking

C. recall an interesting period in the father’s life

D. warn the son to keep away from Tom

Almost everyone stood when the bride walked down the aisle in her white dress，but not the wedding conductor，because she was fixed on her chair.

The wedding was led by “I?Fairy”，a 1.5?meter tall seated robot with flashing eyes and plastic hair. Sunday's wedding was the first time a marriage had been led by a robot，according to manufacturer，Kokoro Co.

“Please lift the bride's veil (面纱)，” the robot said in a tinny voice，waving its arms in the air as the newly?married couple kissed in front of about 50 guests.

The wedding took place at a restaurant in Hibiya Park in central Tokyo，where the I?Fairy wore flowers and directed a rooftop ceremony. Wires led out from beneath it to a black curtain a few feet away，where a man clicked commands into a computer.

Japan has one of the most advanced robotics industries in the world，with the government actively supporting the field for future growth. Industrial models in factories are now standard，but recently Japanese companies have been making a push to inject robots into everyday life.

Honda makes a walking child?shaped robot，and other firms have developed robots to entertain the elderly or play baseball. Kokoro，whose corporate goal is to “touch the hearts of the people”，also makes giant dinosaur robots for exhibitions and lifelike Android models that can smile and laugh. The company is a sub?company of Sanrio Co.，which owns the rights to Hello Kitty and other Japanese characters.

“This was a lot of fun. I think that Japanese people have a strong sense that robots are our friends. Those in the robot industry mostly understand this，but people mainly want robots near them to serve some purpose，” said the bride，Satoko Inoue,36，who works at Kokoro.

The I?Fairy sells for about 6.3 million yen ($68,000) and three are in use in Singapore，the US and Japan，according to company spokeswoman，Kayako Kido.

1.The conductor of the wedding .

A．was controlled by Android system

B．was seated in a chair

C．can give an order herself

D．was the only I?Fairy in use

2.Which of the following products is NOT made by Kokoro?

A．The I?Fairy.

B．A walking child?shaped robot.

C．Giant dinosaur robots.

D．Lifelike Android models.

3.What do people mainly expect robots to do?

A．Act as a sign of technology development.

B．Be their friends.

C．Touch the hearts of people.

D．Meet their own requirements.

4.What does the text mainly convey?

A．Robot wedding conductors are becoming popular.

B．The manufacturing industry in Japan is booming.

C．The Japanese pay a lot of attention to robots.

D．Robots are increasingly entering everyday life.

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Question: I have been learning English for about 7 years. 1.________ And I still can’t make myself understood in English. However, I love learning English. How can I learn English well? Please help me.

Answer: Many people have asked me this question. 2.________ Here I will give you several tips for learning English.

●3.________

First of all, you must want to learn. If you are not interested in learning English, no class will help you and no book will help you. So you have to be honest with yourself. Ask yourself, “Do I really want to learn English?” If you can’t answer “yes” to this question, it is better for you to set English aside until you’re ready and willing to learn.

● Set goals (目标).

To learn English well, you must set some goals. 4.________ It will also help you to see your progress. Ask yourself, “What are my goals? What areas would I like to improve?” Think about what your goals are, and review once in a while to see that you are making progress toward your goals.

● Practice, practice, and practice.

After you have set your goals, you have a better idea of what you need to practice. Just like the athlete whose goal is the Olympics must train daily, you as a language learner must practice language every day to make progress toward your goal. 5.________

A. Want to learn.

B. I think it is not easy to learn it well.

C. Make friends with some Americans online.

D. Reading is a very good way to learn new words.

E. The answers are as different as the people asking the question.

F. The more you practice, the more progress you will make.

G. Having goals will help you remember what areas you want to work on.

It is true that world population is growing, but this is not the cause of our current and future global problems. Believing this will cause us to ignore the real problem and risk long-term damage to our planet.

Let me start by explaining why overpopulation is a myth. For one thing, the UN Population Division regularly predicts population growth but provides a low variant (变量), medium variant, and high variant to factor in various possibilities. In the 2010 revision, their high variant suggests that the world population will be almost 16 billion in 2100, but the low variant predicts it will peak at 8 billion and decrease to just over 6 billion by 2100. In most cases, it is the low variant that has come true in the past, suggesting the same will be true of their future population predictions. In addition to this, the size of families is actually decreasing.

For another, if the Earth is overpopulated, there needs to be insufficient (短缺) food, water, and space for humans to live. However, Indian economist Raj Krishna estimates that India alone is able to increase crop produce to the point of providing the entire world’s food supply. The World Food Programme confirms that there is sufficient food grown to feed the world and there is the same amount of fresh water on the planet now as there was 10,000 years ago. So how is it possible that the number of people in the world is affecting our planet?

Therefore, it is not an increase in population but an increase in consumption that is a severe threat. Materialism and overconsumption are facts of life for everybody in the western world, as possessions reflect a person’s status in society and people strive to obtain happiness through owning the latest fashionable goods. Not only that, but waste is a common occurrence which has a huge effect on our resources. It is a sad truth that 80% of the world’s resources are currently used by just 20% of the world’s population.

Our overconsumption must be addressed now to make our lives more sustainable (可持续的) and avoid continuing the terrible damage to the environment we are causing. The key is education. If we do not work towards this but instead focus on the wrong issue, we may find ourselves living on a planet that can no longer sustain human life.

1.According to the author, what causes our current and future global problems?

A. The increase in population.

B. Shortage of food and water.

C. The fast growth of material needs.

D. Failure to protect the environment.

2.The underlined word “myth” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _________.

A. fact B. misunderstanding C. possibility D. uncertainty

3.The author stresses that _____.

A. people should save food and water

B. economists are making wrong predictions

C. wrong judgment leads to serious consequences

D. measures should be taken to reduce population

4.What is mainly discussed in the passage?

A. The real cause of global problems.

B. The severe effect of overpopulation.

C. Reasonable use of natural resources.

D. Methods to reduce overconsumption.

"Over the years the unthinkable has become thinkable and today we sense we are close to being able to alter human heredity ?#)." These were the words of David Baltimore of the California Institute of Technology, on December 1st, when he opened a three-day meeting in Washington to discuss the morality and use of human gene editing. Dr Baltimore is an old hand at these sorts of discussions, for he was also a participant in the Asilomar conference, in 1975, which brought scientists together to discuss a safe way of using the then-new tcchnology of recombinant DNA, and whose recommendations influenced a generation of biotechnology researchers.

Four decades on, the need for a similar sort of chin-wag has arisen. The International Summit on Human Gene Editing has been held by the national scientific academies of three countries — America, Britain and China. They are particularly concerned about whether gene editing should be used to make heritable changes to the human germ line, something Dr Baltimore described as a deep and troubling question. Like those of Asilomar, the conclusions of this meeting will not be binding. But the hope is that, again like Asilomar, a mixture of common sense and peer pressure will create a world in which scientists are trusted to regulate themselves, rather than having politicians and civil servants do it for them. The meeting is being held against a backdrop of rapid scientific advance, Since 2012 research into a new, easy-to-use editing tool called CRISPR-Cas9 has blossomed. This technique involves a piece of RNA (a chemical messenger, which can be used to recognise a target section of DNA) and an enzyme (酶) called a nuclease that can snip unwanted genes out and paste new ones in.

Public interest was aroused in April, when Chinese scientists announced they had edited genes in non-viable ( 无活力的) human embryos, and again in November when British researchers said they had successfully treated a one-year-old girl who had leukaemia ( 白血病), using gene-edited T-cells. T-cells are part of the immune system that attack, among other things, tumour cells. The researchers altered T-cells from a healthy donor to encourage them to recognise and kill the patient's cancer, to make them immune to her leukaemia drug, and to ensure they did not attack her healthy cells.

In another recent development, a firm called Edit as Medicine, which is based in Cambridge, Massachusetts, has said it hopes, in 2017, to start human clinical trials of CRISPR-Cas9 as a treatment for a rare genetic form of blindness known as Leber congenital amaurosis (伯氏先天性黑蒙). Though other companies are already testing gene-editing therapies, these employ older, clunkier forms of the technology that seem likely to have less commercial potential. Moreover, researchers at the Broad Institute, also in Cambridge, said this week that they had made changes to CRISPR-Cas9 which greatly reduce the rate of editing errors — one of the main obstacles to the technique's medical use.

On the subject of germ-line editing, Eric Lander, the Broad's head, told the meeting it would be useful only in rare cases and said it might be a good idea to "exercise caution? before making permanent changes to the gene pool. The need for caution is advice that might also be heeded by those pursuing work in animals other than people, and in plants — subjects not being covered by the summit.

1.Which ofthe following is TRUE about CRISPR-Cas9?

A. It has fewer side effects.

B. It can modify human gene.

B. It can protect immune system.

D. It has less commercial potential.

2.The underlined word "chin-wag" in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by______

A. discussion B. negotiation

C. argument D. comparison

3.What can be inferred from the passage?

A.Dr. Baltimore started his research on modiffing gene in 1975.

B. Scientists' opinions about the use of gene editing are consistent.

C. CRISPR-Cas9 has been applied to cure Leber congenital amaurosis.

D. More research should be made before the technology comes into wide use.

4.This passage is most probably a______.

A. science fiction B. scientific report

C. conference summary D. commercial advertisement

____ an increase in foreign legal conflicts, China is expected to see the number continue to rise.

A. To witness B. Being witnessed

C. Witnessed D. Having witnessed

“There’s no point in talking with you: you don’t understand me. You don’t even know me.” A teen spits these words at a parent, who is hurt and annoyed. How can her own child say these things? She’s worked hard getting to know him, learning to read his feelings from his voice and gestures. How can her own child now say to her, “You don’t know who I really am”?

Nothing shakes a parent’s confidence as much as the starting of a child’s adolescence. The communication that has flowed easily through words, glance and touch becomes a minefield(雷区)

Recent discoveries that the human brain undergoes specific and dramatic development during adolescence offer new “explanations” of teen behavior, particularly of the impulsiveness(冲动) of teenagers. During this development, there may be too many synapses(神经元突触) for the brain to work efficiently, the mental capacities of decision-making, judgment and control are not mature until the age of twenty-four.

An old explanation is that anger hormones account for the apparently unreasonable moodiness(情绪化) of teens. Though hormones do play a role in human feelings, the real task of adolescence, and the real cause of the unrest, is the uncertainty of teenagers about who they are, alongside their eagerness to establish a sense of identity.

This involves self-questioning, self-discovery and self-development across a range of issues, including sex, faith, intellect and relationships. A sense of who we are is not a mere luxury; without it we feel worthless. A teen often looks upon his or her friends sa models: “ I don’t know who I am, but I know who he is, I’ll be like him,” is the underlying thought. Parents also become such mirrors: teens want that mirror to reflect back to them the vividness and clarity they themselves do not feel.

Arguments with parents can often be understood in this context. While those common teenager-parent quarrels, which explode every few days, are often over small things such as homework, housework, and respect; a teenager’s real focus is on a parent’s recognition of his maturity and capability and human value. “ No, you can’t go out tonight,” implies that a parent you got your keys?” or “Do you have enough money for the bus?” are questions that can be easily accepted if asked by a concerned friend, but awaken a teen’s own doubts if asked by a parent. Feeling the need to distinguish himself from the kid who can’t remember to take his lunch, his keys or his money, he blames the parent for reminding him of the child-self still living within him. What my research shows is that quarreling witj your teen doesn’t necessarily mean you have a bad relationship. The quality of teenager-parent relationship has several measures.

1.According to the text, teenagers_____________.

A. can fully understand their parents’ feelings

B. need guidance in every aspect of their life

C. may experience a huge mental change

D. know themselves better than their parents do

2.What do we learn from the text?

A. Parents hate talking to their children because they can’t understand them.

B. The brains of teenagers work more efficiently because of the synapses.

C. Hormones are the real causes of unrest and moodiness in teens.

D. What teens really care about is being recognized by their parents.

3.What is implied in the last paragraph?

A. Quarrels between children and parents often involve serious issues.

B. A parent should not ask a child about money.

C. A child wants respect, especially from his or her parents.

D. Quarrels are a sign of a bad relationship.

4.What will probably be written in the following paragraph?

A. Other ways of assessing teenager-parent relationship.

B. The anger and sadness of parents about their teens.

C. How important the friends of teenagers are.

D. When children become mentally mature.

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