题目内容

This law ________ the number of accidents caused by children running across the road when they get off the bus.

A.
intending to reduce
B.
intended reducing
C.
intends reducing
D.
is intended to

D
解析：
intend“（为……而）预定、准备”，与主语the law是动宾关系，因此用被动语态，是intend sb. to do sth.的变化形式。

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请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。

(注意：每空格1个单词)

　　WASHINGTON－According to statistics compiled by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, 72 officers were killed by criminals in 2011, increased markedly in recently years．

　　The 2011 deaths were the first time that more officers were killed by suspects than car accidents．The number was the highest in nearly two decades, excluding those who died in the Sept．11 attacks in 2001 and the Oklahoma City bombing in 1995．

　　While the F．B．I．and other law enforcement(执行)officials cannot fully explain the reasons for the rise in officer homicides, they are clear about the terrible consequences．

　　“In this law enforcement job, when you pin this badge on and go out on calls, when you leave home, you can't guarantee that you will come back,” said Sheriff Ray Foster of Buchanan County, Va．

　　After a series of killings in early 2011, Attorney General Eric H．Holder Jr．asked federal authorities to work with local police departments to try to come up with solutions to the problem．

　　The F．B．I．, which has tracked officer deaths since 1937, paid for a study conducted by John Jay College that found that in many cases the officers were trying to arrest or stop a suspect who had previously been arrested for a violent crime．

　　That prompted the F．B．I．to change what information it will provide to local police departments, the officials said．Starting this year, when police officers stop a car and call its license plate into the F．B．I．'s database, they will be told whether the owner of the vehicle has a violent history．Through the first three months of this year, the number of police fatalities has dropped, though it is unclear why．

　　Some law enforcement officials believe that techniques pioneered by the New York Police Department over the past two decades and adopted by other departments may have put officers at greater risk by encouraging them to conduct more street stops and to seek out and confront(对抗)suspects who seem likely to be armed．In New York and elsewhere, police officials moved more officers into crime-ridden areas．

　　Some argue that the rise in violence is linked to the tough economy．With less money, police departments, after years of staffing increases, have been forced to make cutbacks(削减)．

　　The police chief in Camden, N．J．, J．Scott Thomson, whose force of 400 was cut by nearly half last year because of financing issues, said that having fewer officers on the street “makes it that much more difficult to create an environment in which criminals do not feel as encouraged to attack another person, let alone a law enforcement officer．”

　　“Every stop can be potentially fatal, so we are trying to make sure the officers are ready and prepared to face deadly force every single day they go out．” Ms．Klimt said．

Australia – The vote for euthanasia (安乐死) was finally taken at 3:45 this morning. After six months’ argument and final 16 hours’ hot debates. Australia’s Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. The bill was passed by the vote of 15 to 10. Almost immediately world flashed on the Internet and was picked up, half a world away, by John Hofsess, the director of the Right to Die Society of Canada. He sent it on through the group’s on – line service, Death NET. Hofsess says, “We posted it all day long, because this isn’t just something that happened in Australia. It’s world history.”

The full import may take a while to understand. The NT Rights of the Terminally Ill law has left physicians and citizens trying to deal with its moral and practical implications. Some have breathed sighs of relief; but others, including churches, right to life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage. But the tide is unlikely to turn back. In Australia--where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part—other states are going to consider making a similar law to for euthanasia. In the U. S. and Canada, where the right to die movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes (多米诺骨牌) to start failing.

Under the new Northern Territory law, an adult patient can request death--probably by a deadly injection or pill--to put an end to suffering. The patient must be diagnosed as incurably ill by two doctors. After a "cooling off" period of seven days, the patient can sign a certificate of request. After 48 hours the wish for death can be met. For Lloyd Nickson, a 54-year-old Darwin resident suffering from lung cancer, the NT Rights of Terminally Ill law means he can get on with living without the haunting fear of his suffering: a terrifying deat from his breathing condition. "I' m not afraid of dying from a spiritual point of view, but what I was afraid of washow I'd go, because I've watched people die in the hospital fighting for oxygen and clawing at their masks," he says.

According to the text, which of the following statements is TURE?

A．Australia now us the only country in the world to pass the law of euthanasia.

B．All people in Australia don’t have the same positive attitude to euthanasia.

C．Many patients will ask their doctors for euthanasia because they are afraid of death.

D．According to the law, if a patient requests death, his or her wish will be met after 48 hours.

The underlined sentence in Para 2, “observes are waiting for the dominoes to start falling.” means that observes are waiting to see .

A．the result of the game of dominoes.

B．that people’s attitude to euthanasia will be changed.

C．that the bill about euthanasia in Australia will come to an end.

D．the similar bills will be passed in other countries.

Australia was the first country to pass the bill of euthanasia, but not USA or Canada. Which one is NOT the reason?

A．In Australia, the technology of extending life is advanced.

B．In Australia, it is easy to deal with the moral and practical meaning.

C．In Australia, old people take up great part in the population of the whole country.

D．Australians gradually realize suffering from a terrible disease is worse than immediate death.

It can be inferred from the text that .

A．when Lloyd Nickson dies, he will face his death with calm characteristic of euthanasia.

B．physicians and citizens in Australia share the same view on euthanasia.

C．other countries are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia.

D．under the bill, patients requesting death are sure to be injected by deadly medicine.

What’s the author’s attitude to euthanasia?

A．Negative B．Critical C．Positive D．Doubtful

Most laws in the United States and Canada are similar to laws in other countries. For example, it is against the law everywhere to murder a person, and it is illegal to steal money. Everyone knows these laws, but foreign students or tourists in a new country may not know some of the local laws. For instance, a legal action in Peru may be against the law in Korea, and an illegal activity in an Asian city may be perfectly legal in a European city. On the other hand, laws may be the same in various countries but vary in different cities or states of the same nation.
In many cities in the United States, for instance, it is not legal to “jaywalk.” This law may seem strange to visitors. Sometimes they cross a street, and a police officer gives them a ticket. Then they need to pay a fine of $10 to $25. They soon learn to cross a street only in a crosswalk or at a corner. It’s against the law to cross in the middle of the street.
Most people know that states in the United States have different laws about the legal drinking age; this age varies, but in most states no one under twenty-one can buy alcohol, even beer or wine. Also, in most U.S. cities, it is illegal to drink alcohol in public. Of course, liquor is legal in restaurants and bars, but it’s against the law to drink a can of beer, for instance, on a public street. Some people put the can in a paper bag and drink; nobody can see the beer, but it still isn’t legal. In addition, it is illegal to have an open liquor bottle inside a car.
【小题1】 We can learn from Paragraph 1 that ______.

A．it is legal to steal money in some countries

B．Peru and Korea have completely different laws

C．there may be different local laws in a country

D．an Asian city and a European city can’t have the same law

【小题2】The word “jaywalk” underlined in the second paragraph most probably means ______.

A．to talk with others while crossing a street

B．to have a drink while crossing a street

C．to cross in the middle of the street

D．to cross a street at a corner

【小题3】 Which of the following is legal in the United States?

A．Selling a can of beer to teenagers.

B．Having a bottle of wine in a Chinese restaurant.

C．Having an open bottle of beer inside a car.

D．Drinking a can of beer in a street without being seen.

Should students do the grading?

The Supreme Court says the practice doesn’t violate(侵犯) a student’s right to privacy, but is it right for students to grade one another?

Walter Potenza, California

The Supreme Court was absolutely correct to say it’s OK for students to grade one another’s homework, quizzes, and tests: in fact, it’s a great idea.

By grading one another’s papers and seeing the problems their classmates have, students double their exposure(暴露) to the troubles that they may meet on future exams and tests. Grading one another’s papers may be one of the best ways for students to reinforce within themselves the ways to master the most difficult parts of what they are learning.

Teachers are underappreciated and underpaid for the number of hours they have to work to be able to teach really well. Grading all their students’ papers can take hours. Some of that time and energy can be saved by spending a few minutes in class, while providing an extremely valuable learning experience.

I understand that some individuals are sensitive to their classmates seeing their work or grades. Any good teacher would be considerate of students who don’t want their classmates to grade their assignments.

Winston Smith, North Carolina

A girl moves back as her classmate announces her failing test grade and hands her the paper. The quiet classroom heats up.

With the increase in student grading over the past few years, scenes like this have become a bitter reality in schools across the nation. Teachers and schools should not advocate student grading and public announcement of grades because it provides a violation of privacy for students and causes unfair judgments and treatment by their classmates.

Since 1974, a law known as the Buckley Amendment has forbidden the release of education records in order to protect the privacy of students and their families. I strongly disagree with the Court’ s ruling that this law does not include student grading.

I can think of no greater violation of privacy than the exposure of one’s personal information to a group of peers(同龄人). This can be very embarrassing. Releasing this sort of personal information should be avoided, especially by institutions that seek to provide a supportive environment during essential years of human development.

1.The underlined word “reinforce” has the same meaning as “_________”.

A. change B. imagine C. strengthen D. create

2.Walter Potenza suggests that ______________.

A. teachers should set aside some time to grade students’ papers

B. the Supreme Court should do more research on students grading

C. teachers should guide students on how to grade homework

D. teachers should be careful not to hurt those sensitive students

3.By mentioning the example of a girl, Winston Smith wants to ____________.

A. show her weak points

B. criticize the student grader

C. tell us she is not a good student

D. present the negative effect of student grading

4.What does Winston Smith seem to agree?

A. Student grading is not related to families’ privacy.

B. The Supreme Court should change its decision.

C. The Buckley Amendment doesn’t apply to student grading.

D. Student grading is OK, but not public announcement of grades.

Women in Nazi Germany were to have a very special job. Hitler was very clear about this. This job was that they should be good mothers bringing up children at home while their husbands worked. Except for some special fields, Hitler saw no reason why a woman should work. Within months of Hitler coming to power, many female doctors, teachers and lawyers were sacked. By the start of the Second World War, very few German women were in fulltime work. From their earliest years, girls were taught that all good German women married at a young age to a proper German and that the wife’s job was to keep a good home for her working husband and to have children.

One of the earliest laws passed by Hitler once he came to power in 1933, was the Law for the Encouragement of Marriage. This law stated (声明) that all newly married couples would get a government loan (贷款) of 1000 marks. This loan was not to be simply paid back. The birth of one child meant that 25% of the loan did not have to be paid back. Two children meant that 50% of the loan didn’t need to be paid back. Four children meant that the entire loan was cleared.

What was more, as housewives and mothers, their lives were controlled. Women were not expected to wear make-up or trousers. Only flat shoes were expected to be worn. Women were discouraged from slimming as this was considered bad for child birth.

The aim of the Law for the Encouragement of Marriage was to ________.

A．attract more young people to join the army willingly

B．make those married couples become rich quickly

C．encourage people to loan more from the government

D．encourage couples to have as many children as they could

The underlined word “sacked” in Paragraph one probably means “________”.

A．punished

B．fired

C．killed

D．raised

According to the passage, women in Nazi Germany ________.

A．could make up or wear beautiful clothes

B．were to have children and do housework

C．could receive a good education at school

D．were offered the equal rights as men

Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?

A．The life of women in Nazi Germany

B．The cruel rule of Hitler in Germany

C．The marriage policy in Nazi Germany

D．Hitler — a powerful leader in Germany

This law ________ the number of accidents caused by children running across the road when they get off the bus.

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