Windbreaks are barriers(屏障)formed by trees and other plants.Farmers plant these barriers around their fields,which help prevent the loss of soil,and stop the wind from blowing soil away.They also keep the wind from damaging or destroying crops.Besides,extra trees and plants can be cut down and used or sold for wood.

Windbreaks can be highly valuable for protecting grain crops.For example,in parts of West Africa grain harvests were as much as twenty percent higher in fields protected by windbreaks compared with fields without them.

But here is something interesting about windbreaks.They seem to work best when they allow some wind to pass through the barrier of trees or plants around a field.If not,then the movement of air close to the ground will lift the soil.Then the soil will be blown away.For this reason,a windbreak works best if it contains only 60 to 80 percent of the trees and plants that would be needed to make a solid line.An easy rule to remember is that windbreaks can protect areas up to 10 times the height of the tallest trees in the windbreak.

There should be at least two lines in each windbreak.One line should be large trees.The second line,right next to it,can be shorter trees or other plants with leaves.Locally grown trees and plants are considered the best choices for windbreaks.Trees reduce the damaging effects of wind and rain.Their roots help protect soil from being washed away.And trees can provide animals outdoors with shade from the sun.

1.The advantages of building a windbreak are as follows except _____.

A. providing humans with shade from the sun

B. increasing the production of grain harvests

C. keeping the wind from destroying grain crops

D. reducing the damaging effects of wind and rain

2.The author thinks windbreaks are interesting because ______.

A. windbreaks can stop the wind getting through

B. the movement of air lifts the soil

C. large trees are lined with short ones

D. windbreaks allow some wind to pass through

3.If the trees grow to a height of 30 feet, the areas the windbreak can protect are ______.

A. 150 square feet B. 100 square feet

C. 300 square feet D. 240 square feet

4.What can be inferred from the text?

A. The environment is going from bad to worse.

B. Windbreaks can contribute to agriculture harvests. .

C. Trees and plants from abroad are the best for windbreaks.

D. Extra trees and plants can be cut down for wood

Use For

Use for mechanically generated dusts, mists from processing minerals including coal, iron ore, silica, cotton, flour and certain other substances in concentrations up to ten times the Occupational Exposure Standard or according to local regulations.

Do Not Use For

Do not use for paint spraying and sandblasting applications or for protecting against gases and vapors. Do not use in atmospheres containing less than 19.5% oxygen, as this respirator does not supply oxygen. Not for use in oil mist atmosphere.

Use Limitations

1. The wearer must first be trained in the proper use and fit tested before using this respirator.

2. Do not use this respirator when concentrations of contaminants are immediately dangerous to life or health.

3. Leave the contaminated area immediately if breathing becomes difficult, or dizziness or other distress occurs.

4. Discard and replace respirator if it becomes damaged or breathing resistance becomes excessive.

5. Inspect respirator before each use to ensure it is in good working condition.

6. Do not alter, wash, abuse or misuse this respirator.

7. Do not use with beards or other facial hair or other conditions that prevent a good seal between the face and the sealing edge of the respirator.

8. Can be used up to the limits specified by applicable government regulations for this product.

9. Failure to follow all instructions and warnings on the use of this respirator and/or failure to wear this respirator during all times of exposure can reduce respirator effectiveness and may result in illness or permanent disability

10. Maximum operating temperature: +50°C.

Caution

Care should be taken when using the product at low temperatures as excessive moisture may cause alves(呼吸阀) to freeze.

Storage Conditions and Shelf Life

Shelf life of unopened product is 5 years from date of manufacture when stored within temperature range of -20°C to +30°C and at less than 80% relative humidity.

Warning

This respirator helps protect against certain particles. Misuse can result in sickness or death. For proper use, see supervisor or user instructions in the box or contact 3M Co. Ltd.

1.The passage mainly tells us _________.

A. what this product is

B. why should we buy this product

C. how to protect us against dusts and mists

D. how to use and store the product properly

2.What is the meaning of the underlined word “respirator” in Paragraph 2?

A. Glasses.

B. Face mask.

C. Protective gloves.

D. Protective clothing.

3.In which condition can this product be stored?

A. Temperature: 50°C; Humidity: 40%

B. Temperature: 50°C; Humidity: 80%

C. Temperature: 25°C; Humidity: 40%

D. Temperature: 25°C; Humidity: 80%

In the United States, headmasters and teachers discipline (惩罚) students in several ways. The teacher often writes to or calls the students’ parents. Sometimes students have to stay at school for one hour. If a student behaves (行为) very badly, the headmaster can stop the student having classes. The student can’t come to school for one, two or three days. Mr Lazares, the headmaster of a middle school in Ohio, did not like to do so. When he didn’t let the students come to school, they were happy. “A three-day holiday!” they thought.

One day, a boy was in Mr Lazares’s office. The boy was not behaving well in class. Mr Lazares telephoned the boy’s parents. “If you come to school with your son, I won’t stop him having classes.” He said. The boy’s father came to school and went with his son to every class. Other students looked at the boy and his father. The boy was embarrassed (难为情). After that he behaved better. And, of course, other students behaved better, too.

Now headmasters all over the USA are trying Mr Lazares’s idea. They, too, think that students behave better when parents come to school.

1.What does a headmaster usually do to the student if he behaves very badly?

A. Calls the student’s parents.

B. Writes to the student’s parents.

C. Let the student stay at school for an hour.

D. Stops the student having classes for several days.

2.When a student was stopped having classes for two or three days, he was ____ .

A. happy B. angry

C. worried D. afraid

3.What did Mr Lazares do when his students were not behaving well in class?

A. Tried to talk them.

B. Sent them home

C. Had them stay in his office.

D. Telephoned their parents to come to school and go to classes with them.

4.Why did the other students behave better, too?

A. They were afraid of teachers.

B. They were afraid of Mr Lazares.

C. They didn’t want their parents to come to school.

D. They didn’t like to have classes with the boy’s father.

5.Which is TRUE according to the passage ?

A. Students can behave well if headmasters and teachers discipline them.

B. The teacher can stop the students having the class if they behave very badly.

C. Mr Lazares didn’t let the students leave the school for one or two days.

D. Mr Lazares likes the parents to come to school.

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