The World Expo is like great stage for people to contact rest of the world．( )A．a,/B．the,/C．a, theD．the, the 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

16．The World Expo is like ________ great stage for people to contact （联系）________ rest of the world．（　　）

A．

a；/

B．

the；/

C．

a； the

D．

the； the

分析世博会就像一个大舞台，使人们更近距离地接触世界其它地区．

解答答案是C．本题考查定冠词的用法．泛指一个大舞台用不定冠词a；排除B、D；the rest of"剩下的，其余的"．故选C．

点评掌握冠词要关注两大方面：一是积累有关不定冠词、定冠词和零冠词的相关的规则；二是积累特掌殊的短语．

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7．A German study suggests that people who were too optimistic about their future actually faced greater risk of disability or death within 10 years than those pessimists who expected their future to be worse．
The paper，published this March in Psychology and Aging，examined health and welfare surveys from roughly 40，000 Germans between ages 18 and 96．The surveys were conducted every year from 1993 to 2003．
Survey respondents were asked to estimate their present and future life satisfaction on a scale of 0 to 10，among other questions．
The researchers found that young adults （age 18 to 39）routinely overestimated their future life satisfaction，while middle-aged adults （age 40 to 64）more accurately predicted how they would feel in the future．Adults of 65 and older，however，were far more likely to underestimate their future life satisfaction．Not only did they feel more satisfied than they thought they would，the older pessimists seemed to suffer a lower ratio of disability and death for the study period．
"We observed that being too optimistic in predicting a better future than actually observed was associated with a greater risk of disability and a greater risk of death within the following decade，"wrote Frieder R．Lang，a professor at the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg．
Lang and his colleagues believed that people who were pessimistic about their future may be more careful about their actions than people who expected a rosy future．
"Seeing a dark future may encourage positive evaluations of the actual self and may contribute to taking im proved precautions （预防措施），"the authors wrote．
Surprisingly，compared with those in poor health or who had low incomes，respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline．Also，the researchers said that higher income was related to a greater risk of disability．
The authors of the study noted that there were limitations to their conclusions．Illness，medi cal treatment and personal loss could also have driven health outcomes．
However，the researchers said a pattern was clear．"We found that from early to late adulthood，individuals adapt their expectations of future life satisfaction from optimistic，to accurate，to pessimistic，"the authors concluded．
12．According to the study，who made the most accurate prediction of their future life satisfaction？B
A．Optimistic adults．
B．Middle-aged adults．
C．Adults in poor health．
D．Adults of lower income．
13．Pessimism may be positive in some way because it causes peopleC．
A．to fully enjoy their present life
B．to estimate their contribution accurately
C．to take measures against potential risks
D．to value health more highly than wealth
14．How do people of higher income see their future？A
A．They will earn less money．
B．They will become pessimistic．
C．They will suffer mental illness．
D．They will have less time to enjoy life．
15．What is the clear conclusion of the study？D
A．Pessimism guarantees chances of survival．
B．Good financial condition leads to good health．
C．Medical treatment determines health outcomes．
D．Expectations of future life satisfaction decline with age．

4．I've often wondered how exactly sleep，or lack of it，can have such an awful effect on our bodies and，guess what，how much we sleep switches good genes（基因） on and had genes off．
In the first half of 2013，the Sleep Research Centre at the University of Surrey found a direct link between hours spent sleeping and genes．Every cell in our bodies carries genetic instructions in our DNA that act as a kind of operating handbook．However，each cell only"reads"the part of this handbook it needs at any given moment．
Can sleep affect how a gene reads instructions？It's a question asked by Professor Derk-Jan Dijk at the University of Surrey．He set up an experiment and asked his volunteers to spend a week sleeping around seven and a half hours to eight hours a night and the next sleeping six and a half to seven hours．
Blood samples were taken each week to compare which genes in blood cells were being used during the long and short nights．The results were rather surprising．Several hundred genes changed in the amount they were being used，including some that are linked to heart disease，cancer，and Type 2diabetes．Genes to do with cell repair and replacement were used much less．
Sleep restriction（six and a half to seven hours a night） changed 380genes．Of these，220genes were down regulated （their power was increased）．Those affected included body-clock genes which are linked to diabetes（糖尿病）．One of the most downgraded genes is that which has a role in controlling insulin（胰岛素） and is linked to diabetes and insomnia（失眠）．The most upgraded gene is linked to heart disease．
So changing sleep by tiny amounts can upgrade or downgrade genes that can influence our health and the diseases we suffer from when we sleep too little．
The important message is that getting close to eight hours of sleep a night can make a dramatic difference to our health in just a few days through the way it looks after our genes．
28．What kind of relation is directly discussed in the passage？A
A．Sleeping hours and changes of genes．
B．Sleeping hours and diseases．
C．Changes of genes and diseases．
D．Genes and health．
29．What can we learn about Professor Derk-Jan Kijk's experiment？C
A．The experiment was carried out to find the answer to how genes affect sleep．
B．The experiment took a period of more than two weeks to reach a conclusion．
C．His volunteers were divided into two groups with two different sleeping patterns．
D．Blood samples of the volunteers were checked afterwards to decide how many genes changed in sleeping．
30．Which of the following may be concluded from the passage？C
A．The experiment was performed at the University of Surrey in early 2013．
B．Body-clock genes are associated with heart disease，cancer and Type 2diabetes．
C．Sleep restrictions may contribute to disease like diabetes，insomnia，and heart disease．
D.7.5-8hours'sleep pattern makes little difference compared with 6.5-7hours'sleep pattern．
31．Which of the following can be inferred from the findings of the sleep research？D
A．When there is a sleep restriction，genes to do with cell repair and replacement function less．
B．In a sleep，several hundred genes change in the amount．The more changes，the worse results．
C．When genes are up regulated，they do good to health； when genes are down regulated，they do harm to health．
D．Eight hours of sleep a day can be beneficial to our health in that it looks after our genes．

11．Today，many species of animals and plants are endangered．This means they are in danger of becoming extinct and living on only in the pages of history books．The famous dodo is a classic example of a creature that became extinct．A flightless bird that lived on the island of Mauritius，it was discovered by sailors in 1598but was hunted to extinction by 1681．
Hunting has caused the Bengal tiger and the African elephant to be endangered today but habitat destruction can also lead to extinction．This is equally true for plants．Animals and plants disappear for other reasons too，but the main cause is often a disruption（打乱，破坏） in the natural food chain，whether due to hunting，habitat destruction，or even the introduction of alien species．
The natural food chain is the cycle that governs the existence of all life on this planet．It is a carefully balanced cycle and any imbalance that occurs can cause knock-on effects that have serious consequences．At the beginning of the natural food chain are plants which turn sunlight into energy and draw nutrients from the earth．Plants are called producers．
After the producers come the consumers．There are three tiers of consumers．First are creatures such as plant-eating animals，fish and insects which feed off the producers．These animals that only eat plants are called herbivores．The second tier of consumers are carnivores-animals that live off other animals．The third tier of consumers eats both other animals and plants．These consumers，including most humans，are called omnivores．
After animals and plants die，they become food for other smaller creatures，such as bacteria and some plants，such as fungi．As they feed，these creatures turn the dead bodies back into gases and minerals which are again food for the producers at the beginning of the food chain．And so the cycle continues．
All of nature is connected and governed by hundreds of these delicate food chains and if a single plant in the chain cannot survive，then the insects that live off the plant start to die and the animals that eat the insects also start to die．
When a food chain is disrupted，the consequences can be extremely serious．One estimate suggests that for each plant species that is lost，up to 30animals and insects may also die out．One wonders how many species were affected by the extinction of the dodo？
Humans can have disastrous effects on food chains．We've already mentioned hunting but now let's look at travel．When people first started to explore the world they took plant and animal species from their home countries and introduced them wherever they went．They didn't realize that by introducing alien species they were disrupting the natural food chains of the areas they discovered．Although there are strict rules in place today controlling the import and export of alien species，some places are still fighting the effects of aliens introduced hundreds of years ago．
For example，Gough Island in the South Atlantic Ocean is a breeding ground for albatrosses that have been nesting there for centuries．But in the 19th century，mice from passing ships were brought to the island．Being a species alien to the island，they had no natural predators and have now grown to such a size that they are attacking and killing albatross chicks．If they are allowed to continue，they will wipe out the albatross population．
With import laws and people's rising awareness of how humans affect the natural environment，hopefully we can learn to fit better into the natural food chains that govern our world．Otherwise we need to accept that the loss of any more plants and animals could eventually mean our own extinction．
62．What do the first two paragraphs mainly tell us？D
A．Hunting and habitat destruction lead to extinction．
B．Many species of animals and plants are endangered．
C．Plants and animals become extinct for the same reasons．
D．The main cause of extinction is often a disruption in the natural food chain．
63．Which of the following sentence is TRUE according to the passage？C
A．Strict rules alone can remove the bad effects of alien species．
B．Plants，herbivores and carnivores are the three tiers of consumers．
C．If a bird becomes extinct，the relevant food chain will be disrupted．
D．Animals and plants become extinct because alien species are imported．
64．By mentioning the mice in Gough Island，the author intends to highlightD．
A．mice worldwide are growing all the time
B．being aliens，they had no natural predators
C．some places are still fighting the effects of aliens
D．traveling can have disastrous effects on food chains
65．What is the best title of the passage？D
A．Survival of the fittest．
B．Endangered animals and plants．
C．How to protect the natural environment．
D．The link between food chains and extinction．

1．If corruption is not curbed （约束），by bringing the guilty to justice，matters will go ________what the masses can tolerate，with unimaginably horrible results．（　　）

8．-Do you have ready for the spring outing？
-No，I still have to buy some fruit．（　　）

5．-Hello．May I speak to Bill，please？
-__________．（　　）

	A．	Bill speaking		B．	I'm Bill
	C．	You are speaking to Bill		D．	I'm speaking

6．-Was the proposal passed at yesterday's meeting？
-Yes，but some members of the committee expressed ．（　　）

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