题目内容

America is growing older．Fifty years ago, only 4 out of every 100 people in the United States were 65 or older．Today, 10 out of every 100 Americans are over 65．The aging of the population will affect American society in many ways — education, medicine, and business．Quietly, the graying（老龄化）of America has made us a very different society — one in which people have a quite different idea of what kind of behavior is suitable at various ages．

A person’s age no longer tells you anything about his / her social position, marriage or health．There’s no longer a particular year in which one goes to school or goes to work or gets married or starts a family．The social clock that kept us on time and told us when to go to school, get a job, or stop working isn’t as strong as it used to be．It doesn’t surprise us to hear of a 29-year-old university president or a 35-year-old grandmother, or a 70-year-old man who has become a father for the first time．Public ideas are changing．

Many people say, "I am much younger than my mother-or my father- was at my age．" No one says "Act your age" anymore．We’ve stopped looking with surprise at older people who act in youthful ways．

1.It can be learned from the text that the aging of the population in America ______．

A．has made people feel younger

B．has changed people’s social position

C．has changed people’s understanding of age

D．has slowed down the country’s social development

2.The underlined word ‘one’ refers to _______．

A．a society

B．America

C．a place

D．population

3."Act your age" means people should _______．

A．be active when they are old

B．do the right thing at the right age

C．show respect to their parents young or old

D．take more physical exercises suitable to their age

4.If a 25-year-old man become general manager of a big firm, the writer of the text would most probably consider it _______．

A．normal

B．wonderful

C．unbelievable

D．unreasonable

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The term, culture shock, describes the anxiety produced when a person moves to a completely new environment. This term expresses the lack of direction, the feeling of not knowing what to do, and not knowing what is appropriate or inappropriate. The feeling of culture shock generally sets in after the first few weeks of coming to a new place.

We can describe culture shock as the physical and emotional discomfort one suffers when coming to live in another country or place. Often, the way that we lived before is not accepted as or considered as normal in the new place. Everything is different, for example, not speaking the language, not knowing how to use banking machines and so forth.

Although one can experience real pain from culture shock, it is also an opportunity for resetting one' s life objectives. It is a great opportunity for learning and acquiring new viewpoints. Culture shock can make one develop a better understanding of oneself.

Culture shock has many stages. The first stage is called the "honeymoon" stage. The new arrival may feel excited as everything is new.

In the second stage, a person may encounter some difficult times in daily life. For example, communication difficulties may occur such as not being understood. There may be feelings of discontent, anger, sadness, and feeling incompetence. This happens when a person is trying to adapt to a new culture. Transition (过渡) between the old methods and those of the new country is a difficult process and takes time to complete.

The third stage is characterized by gaining some understanding of the new culture. One may start to feel a certain psychological balance. The new arrival may start to have a feeling of direction and want to belong.

In the fourth stage, the person realizes that the new culture has good and bad things to offer. The person has a more solid feeling of belonging and starts to set goals for living.

The fifth stage is called the " re-entry shock". This occurs when a return to the

country of origin is made. One may find that things are no longer the same. For example, some of the newly acquired customs are not in use in the old culture.

Many factors (因素) contribute to the length and effects of culture shock. For example, the individual's state of mental health, type of personality, previous experiences, familiarity with the language, and level of education. So the five stages are present at different times and each person has their own way of reacting. 64. What do we learn about culture shock?

1.What do we learn about culture shock?

A. It has negative effect on people.

B. Its effect can differ from person to person.

C. It disappears when people return to their homelands.

D. It can be avoided if one can understand the language.

2.Which stage of culture shock is Tommy in?

Tommy moved to France with his parents two months ago.

But now he still can not get used to the life there.

He also has problems in schooling.

Even worse, he doesn't think anybody cares about him.

A. Stage 2. B. Stage 3.

C. Stage 4. D. Stage 5.

3. The main purpose of the passage is to________

A. discuss and clarify B. argue and advise

C. introduce and explain D. compare and evaluate

The popularity of bicycling continues to rise, and it is no surprise. It’s fun, healthy and eco-friendly. Maybe that’s why there are 1.4 billion bicycles and only 400 million cars on roads worldwide today. Bikes can take you almost anywhere, and there is no fuel cost!

Hop on a bicycle and ride around your neighborhood. You may discover something new in your community. Stopping and getting off a bike is easier than stopping and getting out of your car. In many communities, you can bike to work and benefit from exercise without polluting the environment. You don’t even have to ride all the way. Folding bikes work well for workers who ride the train. Just fold the bike and take it with you. Have you ever thought about bicycling across a foreign country? It’s a great way to experience another culture, see beautiful scenery and meet friendly people. Bicycle enthusiast Goran Kropp bicycled across not just one country but several. He rode a remarkable 11,000 km from his home in Sweden to Nepal and then climbed Mount Everest! And now, bicycling across a country to raise money for a charity or to advertise a cause is also popular.

To encourage people to bike, many cities in Europe have established bike-share programs. In Paris, for example, thousands of bikes are parked at bike stations around the city. Users can rent bikes at any station. The first half-hour of use is free. After that, users pay a small fee. When they’ve finished riding, they simply park their bikes at any station. For people who don’t want to drive, the bikes are an excellent alternative（替代品）to buses and taxis, which burn fuel and cause pollution.

As a result of the success of bike plans in Europe, they’re spreading to the US., Australia and other countries as well. Look for one in your city soon.

1.According to this passage, workers in some cities can take their bikes _____.

A. to concerts and festivals

B. into their company offices

C. to large recreational areas

D. onto public transportation

2.When do the bike riders in Paris have to pay a fee?

A. When they damage the bikes in an accident.

B. If they ride the bikes for over thirty minutes.

C. After they receive a bill in the mail for a ride.

D. Before they rent the new bikes at any station.

3.We can infer from Paragraph 3 that _____.

A. many people can use the same bikes

B. the bikes aren’t likely to break down

C. riders can keep the bikes for months

D. people can ride bikes to raise money

4.We can learn from the passage that _____.

A. bikes are becoming more and more popular

B. bikes save people’s time

C. bikes have increased in price

D. buses and taxis will be replaced by bikes

信息匹配

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

There is an old Spanish saying which states, “Tomorrow is often the busiest day of the week．” How many times have we put off out dreams tomorrow? _1.___ We have to go for them now!

Tomorrow is not promised．

Nobody likes to talk about death, but everybody is going to die at one point．None of us know the day or the hour．___2.____ Don’t go to your tomb(坟墓) with unrealized dreams．Make the decision to go after every dream, big or small right now．

_____3.____

One of the biggest dream killers is fear．Many people could have achieved amazing things if only they weren’t afraid．Just think about all the things you’ve wanted to go, but allowed fear to convince you that you weren’t talented, or good enough．Fear is not real．It is a product of thoughts you create．

Take action to realize your dream．

You can dream about writing a great play, but it’s never going to happen unless you actually put pen to paper．You can dream about finding a cure for cancer, but it will never happen unless you actually become equipped with the necessary tools to find that cure．____4.___ Possibilities are waiting on you．

There are so many amazing opportunities and people waiting on you．How do you get to them? Simple! Follow your dream．___5.__ You’ll never see those doors if you sit around waiting on a dream to happen, instead of actually working to make it happen．

A．Don’t let fear win．

B．In other words, dreams don’t work unless you do．

C．Our dreams should not, and cannot wait．

D．Therefore, today is all we have．

E．You’ll be much happier if you go for it．

F．You were born into the world with a unique gift, which nobody can copy．

G．Doors that you couldn’t imagine open up when you go after what you want．

阅读填空

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Until recently daydreaming was viewed as a waste of time or it 1. (consider) an unhealthy escape from real life and its duties．But now some people are taking a fresh look at daydreaming．Some think it may be a very 2. (health) thing to do．Some researchers are finding that daydreaming may be important to mental health．Daydreaming, they tell us, 3. a good means of relaxation．But its benefits go 4. this．A number of psychologists have conducted experiments and have reached some 5. (surprise) conclusion．

Dr．Joan T．Freyberg has concluded that daydreaming contributes growth．It also improves 6. (concentrate),attention span, and the ability to get along with others．Industrialist Henry J．Kaiser believed that much of his success was due 7. the positive use of daydreaming．Florence Nightingale dreamed of becoming a nurse．The young Thomas Edison pictured 8. as an inventor．

For these notable achievers, it appears that their daydreams came 9. ．Dr Harry Emerson Fosdick offered this advice: “Hold a picture of yourself…in your mind’s eye, and you will be drawn toward it．Picture yourself 10. (vivid) as defeated and that alone will make victory impossible．

In a unique research cooperation between Stratasys, Education, R&D departments and MIT’s Self-Assembly Lab, a new process is being developed, known as 4D Printing.

The 4D printing concept, which allows materials to “self-assemble (自行组装)” into 3D structures, was initially proposed by Massachusetts Institute of Technology faculty member Skylar Tibbits. Tibbits and his team combined a strand (缕) of plastic with a layer made out of “smart” material that could self-assemble in water. They advanced this concept by creating materials that can change into several different complicated shapes, though this kind of material remains the bottleneck of 4D technology.

To many people that are just starting to get used to the idea of 3D printers, the name 4D is causing confusion because they cannot understand where this fourth “dimension” coming from. 4D technology shares many of the same principles of 3D printing and is essentially still about creating a new, 3D structure out of certain component; however, Tibbits states the fourth dimension at work here comes from concept of the fourth dimension of time. The difference between these 3D and 4D creations is that these new forms have the ability to transform and adapt over time.

4D printing works through self-assembly — a system where “disordered elements form an “ordered” structure via an interaction. With these 4D printed materials, these disordered materials are strands or sheets of specially designed materials. Environmental changes then stimulate (刺激）a response from them so that they form a preprogrammed shape.

The idea of having adaptable technology that only relies on energy and non-human interactions raises some interesting questions about where 4D printing can be used and the practical applications in dangerous environments. This could mean improved infrastructures in extreme conditions, leading to a reduced need for workers to put themselves at risk, but the potential goes even further than that. The technology promises exciting new possibilities for a variety of applications. A solar panel or similar product could be produced in a flat shape onto which functional devices can be easily installed. It could then be changed to a compact shape for packing and shipping. After arriving at its destination, the product could be stimulated to form a different shape that serves its function. Also it could be used to build furniture, bikes, cars and even buildings. As with many of the ideas being put forward, it is easy to go a step too far into the extreme, but this just shows the potential of 4D in comparison to 3D.

The next stage for the research is to move from printing single strands to sheets and eventually whole structures. And water need not be the process ’ s only energy source.

1.Which of the following displays the fourth dimension of 4D printing?

A. 4D printing creates a new, 3D structure out of certain component.

B. 4D technology reduces need for workers to put themselves at risk.

C. 4D technology can be used in many more fields than 3D printing.

D. 4D printed materials reshape themselves with conditions changing.

2.The major problem concerning the development of 4D printing lies in__________.

A. producing essential 4D printers

B. creating proper smart materials

C. providing a suitable environment

D. promoting practical applications

3.What does the passage lead you to believe?

A. 4D printing will take the place of 3D printing in the near future.

B. Most aspects of our daily life can be affected by 4D printing.

C. 4D printing will benefit humans by saving labor somehow.

D. Smart materials can be transformed into other types of material.

4.It can be inferred from the passage that__________.

A. electricity is not used in 4D technology

B. 4D printing has been applied in industry

C. more potential of 4D is to be discovered

Students’ active performances in class will be the new normal ______ teachers give them more chances.

A. although B. once C. until D. since

It was reported last week that developers could take photos from Apple mobile and Google Android devices without the phone owners knowing that the images were being taken. In Apple’s case, developers can also obtain the location information for each photo.

Senator(参议员) Charles Schumer said in a telephone interview that his office had spoken with officials at both Apple and Google on Monday.

“We asked them if they could find a way on their own to prevent Apple from having access to private information,” Mr. Schumer said. “They were friendly and open to the idea that this ought to be changed.”

On Sunday, Mr. Schumer said that he planned to send a letter to the Federal Trade Commission asking the agency to investigate Apple and Google after the privacy concerns came to light. Claudia Bourne Farrell, an F.T.C. spokeswoman, said the agency had received the letter but she could not comment further.

“It worries people to think that one’s personal photos, address book, and who knows what else can be obtained and even posted online without permission,” Mr. Schumer wrote in his letter to the F. T.C. “If the technology exists to open the door to this kind of privacy invasion, then surely technology exists to close it, and that’s exactly what must happen.”

Mr. Schumer said if Apple and Google could not come to an agreement to fix the problem, then he would be forced to take the issue further.

He said other companies had been willing to work with his office to fix issues. “I’m optimistic that we can get this changed without any regulation,” he said. “If it’s not changed, then we’ll turn to the F.T.C., and if that doesn’t work then we’ll consider legislative approach.”

The F.T.C. has warned companies to try to be more vigilant(警醒的) in their efforts to protect consumers when it comes to privacy.

1.The senators spoke with officials at both Apple and Google_______.

A. to urge them not to invade consumers’ privacy.

B. to discuss whether it is illegal to have access to private information.

C. to stop them from developing the technology of taking photos.

D. to keep them from obtaining the location information for each photo.

2.Which of the following statements is True?

A. Privacy invasion from Apple has existed for a long time.

B. Mr. Schumer takes the privacy concerns caused by Apple and Google seriously.

C. Privacy invasion from Google has existed for a long time.

D. Apple and Google have decided to make a change.

3.Mr. Schumer’s letter to the F.T.C. mainly shows that the technology to open the door to privacy invasion_______.

A. causes privacy invasion to happen frequently.

B. can be used if permitted.

C. causes people to worry about the safety of their personal information.

D. causes personal information to be posted online without permission.

4.Where can we read about the passage?

A. In a newspaper.

B. In a magazine.

C. In a science report.

D. In a textbook.

语法填空

阅读下面材料，阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Spending more than an hour on your smart phone each day may be a sign that you are suffering from depression, 1. new study has suggested. The more time is spent 2. (use) a phone for any reason including texting and going online, the more likely volunteers were 3. have the blues .

Monitoring people’s comings and 4. (go) using GPS tracking on their phones also helped track mood. Spending most of your time at home was also 5. (link) to depression, as was having an/a 6. (regular) daily schedule, such as unusual shift patterns. “ 7. people are depressed, they tend to withdraw and don’t have the motivation and energy to go out and do things, ” said senior author David Mohr. “ The data _8. showed depressed people tended not to go many places 9. (reflect) the loss of motivation seen in depression ”

“The significance of this is that we can detect if a person has depressive symptoms and the severity of those symptoms 10. asking them any questions . Phones can provide data obviously and with no effort on the part of the users . ”

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