【题目】At the outbreak of war in September 1939, Doreen Luke was fifteen years old and had just begun work as an apprentice (学徒) in a department store selling clothing and household goods in her hometown of Bodmin in Cornwall. Doreen recalls the first day of war, “My mother was in the process of cooking the Sunday dinner when the Prime Minister announced over the radio that we were at war with Germany… From then on everything changed in our lives. Suddenly there was a different atmosphere.”

During the first years of the war, Doreen was part of a concert party that entertained civilians and service personnel in Cornwall. Although Doreen made effort for the war through her work in entertainment, she was eager to become involved with the war effort in a more direct way, My seventeenth birthday came in January 1941. Many of my friends were joining the Forces. I was becoming very restless. In any case soon at the age of eighteen I would be called up to go and work in a factory or to do some other vital war work but that didn’t appeal to me. I was more adventurous than that!”

Realizing that the Women’s Auxiliary Air Force(WAAF)was recruiting (招募) wireless operators, Doreen quickly made up her mind. At the age of eighteen, she received her call-up papers and became a member of the WAAF. After one year’s training, Doreen became a wireless operator at Bletchley Park and began work in the Auto Room. Doreen recalls her first visit to Bletchley and the secrecy essential to her work, “I didn’t realize when I first stepped into that room that I was going to be a part of a very secret department. In fact I didn’t know that until fifty years after the war.”

【1When was Doreen Luke born? (within 2 words)

【2】What did Doreen Luke do when the war broke out? (within 6 words)

【3】Why did Doreen feel restless on her 17th birthday? (within 8 words)

【4】When did Doreen really become a wireless operator? (within 5 words)

【5】What was the requirement for her work at Bletchley Park? (within 2 words)

【题目】Most parents of kids under age 8 don't worry about how much time they spend watching TV or using other media, from computers to smart phones to tablets PCs, according to a new survey that found a child's use of media often reflects how much time parents spend in the similar way.

¨We generally found that media use is not a source of conflict in the home" for families with young children, Ellen Wartella, a researcher from Northwestem University, told USA Today. She led a survey of 2,326 parents who have children 8 and younger.It found that in 80 percent of families, children's media use was not a problem, with 55 percent “not too" or“ not at all" concerned about it. It also showed parents have more positive than negative feelings about how media consumption affects a child's learning and the development of creativity.The exception is video games, which are viewed more negatively than TV, computers or mobile devices.“Parents rated video games as more likely to have a negative effect on children's school performance, attention time, creativity, social skills, behavior and sleep than any other medium," the researchers said in a news conference about the survey.

¨The findings exposes a generational shift (转移) in parental attitudes about technology's role in young children's lives," said Wartella.“Today's parents grew up with technology as a central pact of their lives, so they think about it differently than earlier generations of parents, instead of a battle with kids on one side and parents on the other, the use ofspan> media and technology has become a family affair. "

The researchers identified three media environments created by parents: media-centric (39 percent of families) , media-moderate (45%)and media-light (16%). Children in media-centric families spend at least three hours more each day watching TV or using computers, video games and tablet PCs don't make parenting easier.And 88 percent of parents say they are most likely to turn to toys or activities to keep their children occupied.Slightly fewer turn to books (79%) and TV(78%).

The survey didn't look at how media affects children. That's a topic that the American Academy of Pediatrics has handled a number of times. The AAP says studies have found too much media use can lead to attention- problems, school difficulties, sleep and eating disorders and being fat. In addition, the Internet and cell phones can provide platforms for illegal and risky behaviors.¨By limiting screen time and offering educational media and non-electronic formats (格式)such as books, newspapers and board games, and watching television with their children, parents can help guide their children's media experience. Putting questionable content into context and teaching kids a700ut advertising contributes to their media literacy (素养) ," it says.

The pediatricians' group says parents should have “screen-free zones" and TV should be turned off during dinner. At most, it recommends children and teens engage with entertainment media for no more than two hours a day and that should be high-quality content. It is important for kids to spend time on outdoor play, reading, hobbies and using their imaginations in free play.“ Kids under 2 should not use television and other entertainment media because their brains are developing quickly and they learn best from direct human interaction," the group says.

An article on screen time by t.he Mayo Clinic also notes problems linked t.o over screen time, including being fat, irregular sleep , behavioral problems , weak school performance , violence and less time for active and creative play.

【1】 Parents have more negative than positive feelings about media consumption like

A.computers B.smart phones

C.video games D.tablets PCs

【2】 Most parents don't worry about kid's media use because

A.they can limit the screen time

B.they want their children happy

C.they also grew up with technology

D.they can teach their children themselves

【3】 From the data of the survey, we learn

A.children in media-centric families are smarter than others

B.children in media-light families spend one hour watching TV

C.more than half of the parents think children's media use was a problem

D.media-centric children spend more than three hours each day on media use

【4】 To make parenting easier, most parents probably

A.try to persuade their children to read books

B.ask their children questions while watching TV

C.allow their children watching TV or using computers

D.turn to toys or activities to keep their children occupied

【5】 Which of the following is a suggestion by the researchers?

A.Media use time for babies under 2 should be limited.

B.Entertainment media use should be high-quality content.

C.Schools should provide more time for active and creative play.

D.Home media use should provide platforms for illegal and risky behaviors.

【题目】Reducing the amount of salt in our diets could save nearly 20,000 lives in the UK every year, according to researchers.

The recommended maximum daily intake for adults is 6g in the UK, although just month the World Health Organization (WHO) revised this down to 5g. Yet according to figures from the British Heat Foundation, men consume around 9.7g a day, while women have 7.7 g.

Fast food

Salt Content

Original chicken

2.9g per portion (份)

Spicy crayfish

3.5g per portion

Large chips

1 per portion

McDonalds Big Mac

2.1 per portion

Not researchers at three universities, including Harvard Medical School, have revealed the dramatic effect reducing salt could have on death rates by using computer models. They estimated that reducing salt intake to 6g would save 500,000 to 850,000 lives in the US over the next decade.

British doctor Ian Campbell, medical director of charity Weight Concern, told Mail Online: Salt is a big problem in the UK, too. Its a silent killer. Over time consuming too much of it increases the risk of high blood pressure, which can lead to heart attacks. About 80 percent of our salt intake comes from processed foods, so it can be difficult to avoid.

Many people are unaware of where salt is hidden, such as bread, soups, ready meals, and even breakfast cereals (麦片). The government approach has been to encourage food companies to cut the amount of salt in their products. There has been a reduction but it is taking too long. The Food Standards Agency should consider setting compulsory maximum levels for salt.

Victoria Taylor, Senior Dietitian at the British Heat Foundation, added: Eating too much salt may raise your blood pressure and having high blood pressure increases your risk of developing heart disease.

The government has worked with the food industry to reduce the amount of salt in our food and make labels clearer. But there is still work to be down by everyone because the majority of Brits are still consuming more salt than they would be.

【1】Which of the following in the table reaches the daily maximum amount of salt recommended by the WHO?

A. A large chips and a McDonalds Big Mac.

B. A spicy crayfish and a large chips.

C. An original chicken and a spicy crayfish.

D. A McDonalds Big Mac and an original chicken.

2According to the passage, when people eat processed food they ________.

A. neednt add salt

B. should add a little salt

C. may ruin their health

D. can have risk of heart attacks

3To solve the problem of eating too much salt, Ian Campbell advises ________.

A. having healthier breakfast

B. punishing the illegal food companies

C. reducing the amount of processed food

D. making laws about maximum levels for salt

4The last paragraph emphasizes the importance of ________.

A. making food tables clearer

B. monitoring the food industry

C. promoting the awareness of salt content

D. strengthening the governments functions

【题目】Even if you think that your parents are mean-spirited(小心眼的) at times, loving your parents is a normal and fulfilling part of life. You love them for the fact that they created you, raised you, and are in part, a source of who you are. 【1】 .

Tell them you love them every morning. A gentle "good morning" and "I love you" will warm a coldest heart. Remember that they brought you into this world. Without your parents, we might still wander at an unknown corner in an unknown world.

Respect them more and cherish(珍惜) these moments. You can use these moments to learn from them, preparing yourself for when you're off on your own. It's OK to get angry but angry actions don't help you or your parents. Act calmly, cool off, write down your feelings, or talk to a friend. 【2】

Obey their requests. It will make your attitude better and earn you more respect from them.It may seem as if you are going through hell(吃苦受罪) when you don't get what you want or you have to clean. However, you had better remember they keep a roof over your head when it's cold, raining, snowing, or too hot. Understand that parents are human beings and make mistakes 【3】.Since you can forgive your friends, why not forgive your parents?

Keep them company. Do things with your parents like watching TV, or go somewhere with them. 【4】Listen to their old stories and learn from them. You will find they are your teachers in this way or another.

Some people simply may not be able to love their parents. 【5】Seek help if you are being abused(虐待)in anyway. Parents do not have a right to harm you.

A. Parents will in turn express their love to you.

B. Forgiveness is the key.

C. Here are some ways to love your parents.

D. There can be realistic reasons for this, family violence for example.

E. Anyway, spend as much time with them as you can.

F. After this, share your feelings with your parents.

G. Please remember parents are as important as friends.

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