题目内容

Research shows that childhood friendships are important indicators of future success and social adjustment. Children’s relationships with peers (同龄人) strongly influence their success in school, and children with fewer friends are more at risk of dropping out of school, becoming depressed and other problems.

Making and Keeping Friends Is More than Child’s Play

When 6?year?old Rachel returned to school on a recent Monday morning, her eyes immediately scanned the playground for her friend Abbie. “Though they were only separated by a weekend, the girls ran right into each other’s arms and hugged,” recalls Rachel’s mother Kathryn Willis of Gilbert. “It was like a scene from a movie.”

Most parents instinctively (本能地) know that having friends is good for their child. Experts agree that friendship is not simply child’s play, but a powerful predictor of social adjustment throughout life.

A Skill for Life

“Childhood friendships serve as a very important training ground for adulthood,” says Dr.Robbie Adler?Tapia, psychologist with the Center for Children’s Health & Life Development at the East Valley Family Resource Center.

Researcher William Hartup states, “Peer relations contribute significantly to both social and cognitive (认知的) development.” Hartup concludes that the single best childhood predictor of adult social adaptation is not school grades or classroom behavior, but rather, how well a child gets along with other children.

The work of Arizona State University professor of Developmental Psychology Gary Ladd proves that being able to make and keep friends is beneficial to kids while the lack of friends is detrimental.

Good Friendships Don’t Just Happen

Experts agree that it is essential for children to establish high?quality friendships. But, researchers warn, these friendships don’t necessarily just happen. Often, a good friendship begins with involved parents.

Psychologist Dr.Lynne Kenney Markan believes kids should be taught social skills in much the same way they are taught math and reading.

Bad Company

Many parents worry about the quality as well as the quantity of their child’s friendships. “When she was in 1st grade, her supposed ‘best friend’ began calling her names and threatening to hurt her,” says Mindy Miller. “My daughter wasn’t allowed to talk to or even look at other girls in her class. It really crushed her spirit. I told my daughter she didn’t need a ‘friend’ like that.”

“I’ll bend over backwards(拼命) to help my son get together with a friend I think is good for him,” Adler?Tapia says. “I don’t look at it as manipulation (操纵)，just positive parental involvement.”

1.The example of Rachel and Abbie is used to indicate that ________.

A. childhood friendship is of great significance to their growth

B. a positive friendship helps children solve emotional and physical problems

C. it is a proven fact that peer friendship is the most rewarding experience throughout life

D. Rachel missed her friend Abbie very much because of their separation of one weekend

2.The underlined word “detrimental” could be replaced by ________.

A. aggressiveB. disappointingC. ridiculousD. harmful

3.We can learn from the passage that high?quality friendship most probably results from ________.

A. social skills and good study habits

B. school grades and classroom behaviors

C. academic success and social adaptation

D. positive parental involvement and social skills

4.From the last paragraph we can conclude that Dr.Robbie Adler?Tapia agrees that ________.

A. parents should regard making friends as something that just happens

B. it’s wise for parents to support and encourage healthy peer relationships

C. parents only need to help their children to cope with difficult social situations

D. parents are supposed to encourage their children to make as many friends as they can

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“Selfless Blessings, a small shop in Missouri offers everything from food to clothing. But it _____ from other shops because everything in the store is free.

“Selfless Blessings is like a thrift store(旧货商店) but we are a free store for families who are in ______ ,” said the store’s ____ , Andrea Berdine. “People come in and ____ . We have a donation box. If they can ____ , they do so. If they can’t, then they leave with a hug.”

Berdine ___ the project in 2012 after witnessing something that brought her to tears. She was shopping at a store when she saw a man was turned away __ he asked for a coat.

He was put down and made fun of. He was wanting a coat,” she recalled. “It was ____that he was homeless. That day it was raining heavily. That man was trembling with ____ and wet. However, nobody ____ give him a coat.” Berdine was ____. She got in her car and drove around until she found the man. She then picked up her husband’s ___ from the back seat.

That act of giving ____ Berdine to create a Facebook page where the community could connect and ____ each other. Some people posted items that they could donate. Others spoke of what they needed. The idea, which people in need all welcomed, ___ grew into a free shop in Hollister, Missouri.

“Thank God. There is a place you can go to without feeling ____ or embarrassed,” said Dennie Alman, who is now ____.

The store’s offerings can mean the difference between life and ____ for some poor people. “When it’s freezing cold outside and you don’t have anything to keep____, then the blankets you are given can keep you from dying,” said Larry Fraser, who is ____.

1.A. comes B. suffers C. differs D. hears

2.A. need B. hospital C. space D. danger

3.A. customer B. guard C. cleaner D. owner

4.A. shop B. study C. play D. work

5.A. understand B. stand C. donate D. remain

6.A. supported B. attended C. started D. improved

7.A. because B. since C. though D. unless

8.A. difficult B. obvious C. necessary D. important

9.A. anger B. fear C. excitement D. cold

10.A. would B. might C. could D. should

11.A. delighted B. puzzled C. moved D. shocked[

12.A. watch B. jacket C. book D. card

13.A. persuaded B. allowed C. told D. inspired

14.A. contribute to B. appealed to C. add to D. lead to

15.A. suddenly B. luckily C. finally D. hardly

16.A. proud B. tired C. ashamed D. anxious

17.A. out of work B. out of sight C. out of control D. out of trouble

18.A. sickness B. friendship C. happiness D. death

19.A. quiet B. warm C. silent D. cool

20.A. wealthy B. homeless C. popular D. old

Most airlines go all out to ensure their passengers have the best possible flight experience. Now, Europe’s low-budget airline, easyJet, wants to extend the positive experience beyond the plane ride with “Sneakairs”—smart shoes that allow visitors to explore new cities and towns without ever looking at a map.

To transform Sneakairs from an ordinary shoe to a tour guide, all the wearer has to do is enter his or her desired destination into the easyJet smartphone app. A built-in GPS will determine the wearer’s starting location while the Google Maps navigation(导航) tool will help chart the best route. Whenever a change of direction is necessary, the app will communicate with the appropriate shoe via the Bluetooth and cause it to vibrate(振动). For example, if the wearer needs to turn right, he/she will feel the sensation in the right shoe. Should the user miss the turn, the smart shoes will both vibrate at the same time, reminding him/her to change course.

Visitors that wander off the suggested path or decide to take a break for a cup of coffee or a meal have nothing to worry about. The smart app will automatically determine the new location and chart out a new route, once the desired destination is reached. Sneakairs will vibrate three times to inform the user of the arrival and then go back to being ordinary shoes—until their navigation services are needed again!

Sneakairs is certainly not the first navigation shoe in the market. However, easyJet is the first airline to offer them to passengers just as they are about to land in an unknown city. However, before Sneakairs can go mainstream, the easyJet team still needs to make some adjustments. Among the challenges that need to be addressed is the smart shoe’s three-hour battery life, which is hardly enough for a tourist to catch all the delights a new or town has to offer!

1.The airline easyJet designed Sneakairs in order to ________.

A. help people exercise with better shoes

B. attract more people to choose easyJet

C. make sure their passengers have the best possible flight experience

D. provide passengers with further pleasant experience beside their flight

2.What does the author mainly talk about in Paragraph 2?

A. How Sneakairs works.

B. How visitors choose routes.

C. How users avoid getting lost.

D. What users should pay attention to.

3.What might easyJet do to improve its smart shoes?

A. Bring down their cost.

B. Add more functions.

C. Develop more types.

D. Make the battery last longer.

4.Where does this text probably come from?

A. A commercial ad.B. A science report.

C. A tourist map.D. An airline guide.

阅读下面短文，从文后所给各题的四个选项（A. B C D ）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Over the years, thanks to my life’s obstacles(障碍), I understood the meaning of faith and the strong will to survive. It was Hurricane Ike that made me fully __ the beauty of our strength and a human’s motivation to ____ .

Mom had a two-week____in summer. While we enjoyed our holiday in Southeast Texas, we didn’t realize the fact that Ike____cause months and likely years of “labor”. By September 7th, the “eyes of Texas” were watching Hurricane Ike more____, making the typical mad rush for last-minute hurricane____. Two days later, both oil and ice were in____demand.

In the early hours of September 11th, some neighbors were planning to____the storm in their homes,____others were making final preparations to get away. At first, we decided to stay. But that afternoon, the Houston-Galveston area would be on the more___side of the storm. Mom and I packed some of our most____ belongings in the car and____the East Texas town of Lufkin.

As Ike pushed farther inland, we____ power in Lufkin. On Sunday, our next-door neighbor told us via cell phone that our____ had remained well. Our hopes could not have been ___ . But a few hours later, the neighbors reported that our brick chimney had____ , and it was sitting on our living room, ____ a hole in the roof between two skylights (天窗).

We wouldn’t be allowed to return home ____ September 17th. I climbed upstairs, and looked toward the hole in the roof which showed a beautiful blue sky.

Without hesitation, I shouted, “Wow! A third skylight!”

My neighbors could not believe I was making jokes____ crying, but ___ is always good medicine. It was with that joke that I knew, given time, everything would be okay.

1.A. observe B. appreciate C. explore D. improve

2.A. work B. apologize C. recover D. change

3.A. vacation B. journey C. meeting D. schedule

4.A. must B. might C. should D. would

5.A. closely B. constantly C. warningly D. differently

6.A. adventure B. equipment C. supplies D. reports

7.A. basic B. high C. pure D. neat

8.A. get through B. put away C. test out D. suffer from

9.A. since B. when C. until D. while

10.A. dangerous B. abundant C. peaceful D. awesome

11.A. available B. concrete C. precious D. potential

12.A. set out B. headed for C. settled down D. watched out

13.A. provided B. reduced C. produced D. lost

14.A. garden B. house C. pool D. yard

15.A. clearer B. wilder C. lower D. higher

16.A. passed B. stood C. gone D. followed

17.A. leaving B. digging C. filling D. kicking

18.A. by B. before C. until D. after

19.A. in spite of B. instead of C. apart from D. in terms of

20.A. faith B. will C. strength D. laughter

1.A __________ (广泛传播的) flu epidemic affected eighteen western states.

2.It was __________ (陈述) that the president made a statement announcing new policies to deal with the new situation.

3.__________ (污染) is so bad that many rivers are full of chemicals which flow into the sea and kill sea creatures.

4.There is a growing __________ (趋势) for people to travel abroad on holidays.

5.I __________ (扫视) up to see who had come in.

6.He stated at the conference that developed countries __________ (消耗) the most energy.

7.There has been serious __________ (分歧) between the 2 political parties over the question.

8.To my great joy, they all made __________ (稳定的) progress in English.

9.In production, we demand not only __________ (数量) but also quality.

10.Life in the ocean __________ (范围) from the tiniest plankton all the way up to giants like sharks and whales.

1.受霍乱威胁的普通人 ordinary people __________ __________ cholera

2.看来水是罪魁祸首。It seemed that the water was __________ __________.

3.他在太阳系的中心放了一个固定不动的太阳。

He placed a __________ sun at the centre of the solar system.

4.地球绕着太阳转时本身也在自转。

The earth was __________ as it went round the sun.

5.令人庆幸的是这是和平实现的。

Happily this was accomplished __________ __________.

6.英国国旗集合了三个国家的国旗。

The Union Jack flag __________ the flags of three countries.

7.她担心时间不够。

She is worried about the time __________.

Albert Hofmann was a Swiss Scientist who was fascinated by nature. This led him to a career in chemistry in which he sought answers to his uncertainties. He worked at Sandoz Laboratories where he nurtured his research work, and there he made a lot of success by working with various plants and changing them into something useful. He became famous when he became the first person to produce lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) (迷幻药). In addition, he was also the first person to taste it and learn about its hallucinogenic (勾起幻觉的) effects. He was deeply connected to the nature and argued that LSD, besides being useful for psychiatry(精神病学), could also be used to promote awareness of mankind’s place in nature. However, he was disappointed that his discovery was being carelessly used as a drug for entertainment. Because of his discovery, LSD fans have fondly called him “The father of LSD”. Besides carrying out his scientific experiments, he also authored numerous books and more than 100 scientific articles. In 2007, he featured in a list of the 100 greatest living geniuses(天才), published by The Telegraph Newspaper.

Childhood & Early Life

Albert Hofmann was born in Baden, Switzerland, on January 11, 1906. He was the eldest of four children. His father was a poor toolmaker in a factory and they lived in a rented apartment. He spent much of his childhood outdoors, and grew up with a very deep connection with nature.

He had mind-blowing experiences in childhood, wherein nature was changed in magical ways that he didn’t understand. These experiences caused questions in his mind, and chemistry was the scientific field which allowed him to understand them.

He studied chemistry at Zurich University, and his main interest is the chemistry of plants and animals. At 23, he earned his Ph. D with honors.

1.What led Albert Hofmann to a career in chemistry?

A. His nature. B. His father. C. His family. D. His interest.

2.It’s likely that Albert Hofmann produced LSD in __________.

A. Baden B. a factory C. Sandoz Laboratories D. Zurich University

3.From the passage, we know the discovery of LSD __________.

A. was being wrongly used

B. was not useful for psychiatry

C. made Albert Hofmann surprised

D. could change mankind’s place in nature

4.Which can be inferred about Albert from the passage?

A. He has four brothers or sisters.

B. He has found many useful plants.

C. He lived up to more than 100 years.

D. He only concentrated on scientific experiments.

Hetty Robinson learnt all about money when very young. As a child, she read the financial (金融的) pages of the newspaper to her rich father. Her father died when Hetty was 30, and she inherited $1 million. When she herself died in 1916, she left almost $100 million to her two children.

Hetty made her money on the New York stock (股票) exchange. She was a financial genius. She made money so easily that people called her the Witch of Wall Street. But although she was one of the richest women in the world, she counted every cent and spent as little as possible. She didn’t own a house, because she didn’t want to pay taxes. So she and her children lived in cheap hotels. She spent almost nothing on clothes, and always wore the same long black dress. She washed it herself, but to save soap she only washed the bottom of the dress, where it touched the ground. Other people had their own offices, but Hetty used a desk in the bank where she kept her money, because it didn’t cost anything. She sat in the bank and ate her sandwiches while she bought and sold stocks and shares. If the bank complained, she just moved all her money to another bank.

Hetty’s family paid the price for her meanness. When she was 33 she married a millionaire, Edward Green, and they had two children. But Green lost all his money, so she left him. When her son, Ned, injured his knee, Hetty didn’t want to pay for a doctor, so she took him to a free hospital for poor people. Unfortunately the doctor knew Hetty was rich and he asked for money. Hetty refused and took the boy away. His leg got worse and two years later doctors removed it.

But eventually Ned got his revenge (报应). At the age of 81, Hetty had an argument with a shop assistant about the price of a bottle of milk. She became so angry that she had a heart attack and died. So Hetty’s meanness finally killed her. Ned inherited half his mother’s fortune, and he spent it all on parties, holidays and expensive jewellery.

1.What fact can be learned about Hetty Robinson from the passage?

A. She was nice to her son.

C. She died from extreme anger.

B. She worked for a bank.

D. She came from a poor family.

2.Why was Hetty Robinson called the Witch of Wall Street?

A. She turned out to be the richest woman in New York.

B. She liked wearing the same long black dress every day.

C. She was fond of reading financial pages of the newspaper.

D. She made a large amount of money easily through stocks and shares.

3.Which of the following best describes Hetty Robinson?

A. Gifted but not generous.B. Wealthy and selfless.

C. Easy-going but selfish.D. Curious and lucky.

4.Which is the best title of this passage?

A. A Mean Genius

B. A Financial Success

C. A Lifelong Bad Luck

D. A Good Way to Earn Money

When my brother Joey was 6 months old, my mother brought him home from the hospital and told me to watch him while she fixed supper. We started playing a game I called “dogs”, rolling on the floor like pups (小狗). Then I looked up and saw my mother watching us. She was crying.

“He’s blind,” she said. “The doctor told me today.”

I looked at Joey. He was laughing. “He can’t be blind,” I said. “He smiles at my face.”

“He smiles at your voice,” she said. “He’ll never see your face.”

That was that. Joey was blind. Mama went back to cooking. I went back to playing a dog. From the age of 8, Joey boarded at a school for the deaf and the blind, learning to read Braille (盲文). When he was 16, the school said he’d learned enough and sent him home with a Braille typewriter. At 21, Joey moved out to live on his own, he said, “like a man,” in an apartment 30 miles (48 km) away. He learned to cook, clean, do his own laundry, and do almost anything else he needed.

Then he met the love of his life. She, too, was blind. When Joey called to tell me, he said: “Even a blind man can fall in love at first sight.”

They shared 10 good years before he lost her to cancer. Painfully soon after, he also lost our mother, who was his champion, and our stepfather, who was Joey’s best friend.

What is left when you lose the loves of your life? My brother clung with an iron fist (拳头) to three gifts: Faith, hope and love.

His faith grew stronger. He always had hope. And his love for his family has never gotten weaker, despite death or disappointment. Loved ones leave, but love remains.

The years ahead may prove to be his hardest. His legs are growing weaker, threatening to take away the independence he’s fought so hard to keep.

My sister and I often wonder what will happen if Joey can’t live on his own. It’s not up to us. We’ll do what we can, but it’s his life. He won’t have it any other way.

You don’t find strength to do something until it’s time to do it. Joey has found it whenever he has needed it. I believe he will again.

1.When the author’s mother brought her little brother Joey back from the hospital, the author _____.

A. was sad because he couldn’t see things clearly

B. immediately introduced him to the family dog

C. worried that he might steal her mother’s love from her

D. had great fun playing a game with him

2.Which of the following order of events is CORRECT according to the article?

a. Joey started learning Braille at a school for the deaf and the blind.

b. Joey moved out to live independently and learned to cook and clean.

c. Joey was sent back home with his Braille typewriter.

d. Joey had a hard time when he lost three beloved family members.

e. Joey fell in love with a blind girl the first time they met.

A. a b e d c B. a c b e d C. a c e b d D. a e c b d

3.What is the key message the author wants to convey through the article?

A. People have to spend more time with their loved ones.

B. The disabled deserve our respect and support so that they can live an independent life.

C. Love, hope and determination can keep a man going despite hardship.

D. People should learn to get over the loss of their loved ones as love always remains.

4.What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to?

A. The belief in finding love again

B. The strength to deal with difficulties.

C. The love for his family

D. The hope to have stronger legs.

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