题目内容

Would you like to explore (开发) the oceans? Do you want to find 1. life than we imagine there? For Jacques Cousteau, the answer was “yes”. His career was a life-long dream, and he is 2. (probable) the most famous ocean scientist in recent times.

Cousteau was born in France in 1910. Even 3. a child, he loved water. Cousteau was bright, 4. he got bored with school and began to cause trouble. His parents sent him to a strict boarding school. There, Cousteau finally felt 5. (challenge). He studied hard and did well in all his courses. In 1933, he served as a general officer in the French Navy. He also began to explore the life under the water. He worked 6. a breathing machine to stay under water longer. It was finished in 1943.

In 1948, Cousteau became a captain, and he had new duties. Even so, he continued to explore the oceans. Two years later, he became the president of the French Oceanographic Campaigns. He also bought a ship 7. (help) with his dives. But he 8. (need) a way to get money for his trips. To do that, he produced many films and published a number of books. His films include “The Silent World (1956)”, “World without Sun (1966)”. One of his books is “The Living Sea (1963)”.

In 1974, he founded the Cousteau Society, 9. function was to further oceanic research and to encourage people to help protect the oceans and the life within them.

Cousteau won many honors for his work, 10. (include) the Medal of Freedom and membership in the French Academy in 1989.

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Mary is digging in the ground for a photo, when along comes John. Seeing that there is no one in sight, John starts to scream. John’s angry mother rushes over and drives Mary away. Once his mum has gone, John helps himself to Mary’s potato.

We’ve all experienced similar annoying tricks when we were young—the brother who stole your ball and then got you into trouble by telling your parents you had hit him. But Mary and John are not humans. They’re African baboons(狒狒). __1._

John’s scream and his mother’s attack on Mary could have been a matter of chance, but John was later seen playing the same tricks on others. ___2.___

Studying behavior like this is complicated but scientists discovered apes(猿) clearly showed that they intended to cheat and knew when they themselves had been cheated. ___3.___ An ape was annoying him, so he tricked her into going away by pretending he had seen something interesting. When she found nothing, she “walked back, hit me over the head with her hand and ignored me for the rest of the day.”

Another way to decide whether an animal’s behavior is deliberate is to look for actions that are not normal for that animal. A zoo worker describes how an ape dealt with an enemy. “He slowly stole up behind the other ape, walking on tiptoe. When he got close to his enemy, he pushed him violently in the back, then ran indoors.” Wild apes do not normally walk on tiptoe. ___4.__ But looking at the many cases of deliberate trickery in apes, it is impossible to explain them all as simple copying.

It seems that trickery does play an important part in ape societies. ____5.__ Studying the intelligence of our closest relative could be the way to understand the development of human intelligence.

A. In most cases the animal probably doesn’t know it is cheating.

B. An amusing example of this comes from a psychologist working in Tanzania.

C. And playing tricks is as much a part of monkey behavior as it is of human behavior.

D. So the psychologists asked his colleagues if they had noticed this kind of trickery.

E. The ability of animals to cheat may be a better measure of their intelligence than their use of tools

F. This use of a third individual to achieve a goal is only one of the many tricks commonly used by baboons.

G. Of course it’s possible that it could have learnt from humans that such behavior works, without understanding why.

There are some strange driving laws in different countries.

Countries

Laws

Vietnam

If you’re in Vietnam without a Vietnamese driver’s license, you risk a prison sentence of up to three years.

Russia

In Moscow, if your car is dirty enough to draw dust art, you will be fined about 2,000 rubles (about US $55). Worse yet, it’s illegal to wash your car by hand in public places — forcing you to take it to one of the few car wash facilities.

Thailand

Drivers —male or female — can’t drive shirtless, whether it’s a car, a bus, or a tuk-tuk cab.

France

France requires its drivers to carry a portable breathalyzer(酒精测量仪) at all times when driving a car. The one-time breathalyzer cost around US$5, and if you don’t have one, you will be fined US$15.

Cyprus

Raising your hands in the car can get you fined of US$35. The law states a driver can be fined if the person “is in an irregular position inside the car or raises his hand from the steering wheel unnecessarily.

Japan

Politeness isn’t just the culture in Japan; it’s part of driving laws. Splashing a person by driving through a puddle(水坑) with your car will cost you over US$60. The country is also strict with its DUI(酒驾) laws — riding with or lending your car to a driver who gets caught drinking and driving can lead to a fine costing thousands of dollars.

1.Where should you go to wash your car when you are in Moscow?

A. The car wash facilities.

B. Any public place

C. Your home

D. The forest

2.What can get you fined for in Cyprus?

A. Forgetting to carry a portable breathalyzer.

B. Not having a Cyprus driver’s license.

C. Putting your hands above your head when you are driving.

D. Driving without a shirt.

3.If you are fined thousands of dollars in Japan, you may have been ____.

A. in an irregular position in your car

B. sitting in a car with a drunk driver

C. splashing a person with mud

D. impolite to other drivers

4.This text can most likely be found in _______.

A. a law document

B. a fashion magazine

C. an international newspaper

D. a column on interesting cultures

Ever since Canadian psychiatrist Michael R. Phillips, who works in China, released his report saying China’s suicide rate from 1995 to 1999 reached 0.023 percent, the country has been ranked among those with the highest suicide rates in the world. But Jing Jun, a professor of sociology in Tsinghua University, challenges that view and presents the true picture through his nationwide research.

Jing and his students took one year to set up the first national database on suicide rate to grasp the overall trend of suicides in China. They collected data from the Health Statistics Annuals of the World Health Organization (sample size 10 million), and the country’s Health Statistics Annuals (which cover 100 million people). The database covers 23 years, from 1987 to 2009. Jing calculates the suicide rate in China based on these data. Though the suicide rate was comparatively high in the early years, his study shows it has dropped in recent years, as opposed to the ascending trend in the rest of the world.

According to Jing’s calculation, China’s suicide rate had dropped to about 0.01 percent in 2004. In 2009, the figure dropped further to 0.007 percent, which is rather low compared with the global rate of 0.016 percent. Even if the “missing” suicides were added, China’s suicide rate in 2009 would still be below 0.008 percent.

Jing has found that one of the main reasons why the suicide rate has dropped was the steady and big decline in the number of suicides committed by rural women. In the early years, researchers generally agreed that the suicide rate among Chinese women was higher than among men, which is pretty rare in the rest the world. But the suicide rate among Chinese women, especially in rural areas, has declined remarkably in recent years. In fact, it is almost equal to that of Chinese men.

As a sociologist, Jing regards suicide as a social issue, and believes improvement of social policies will reduce the suicide rate even further. More people’s lives can be saved if the authorities adjust to social environment for the better, he concludes.

1.From Jing’s search, we can see ________.

A. China has been ranked among those with the highest suicide rates in the world

B. in the rest of the world suicide rate has been rising quickly in the last few years

C. different from Michael R. Philip’s idea, the trend of suicides in China is declining

D. the suicide rate among Chinese women is lower than that of men

2.The data in Para. 2 is mainly to prove that ________.

A. the result from Jing’s research is believable

B. Jing’s research is more complicated than Michael R. Phillip’s

C. Jing has made great efforts to make the research

D. China’s suicide rate was comparatively low all the time

3.Why has the suicide rate in China dropped steadily according to Jing Jun?

A. Because the life level of Chinese people has improved a lot.

B. Because China’s government has adopted measures to reduce the suicide rate.

C. Because the number of Chinese women who commit suicide has declined.

D. Because the world environment affects the suicide rate in China.

4.In Jing’s opinion, what should be done to reduce the suicide?

A. Pay more attention to rural women.

B. Continue to improve social environment.

C. Set up more mental health centers.

D. Make policies to prevent suicides.

5.We can infer that the text is _______.

A. a news report

B. a research report

C. a description of suicides

D. an introduction to a professor

阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

When I entered the classroom, our teacher announced we were going to have a math test. I took a look at the full of what looked like hieroglyphs(象形文字) to me and began to . I did the best that I could, and then left my to put my paper in a pile on the front desk with a(n) .

I returned to my seat and then an idea came to mind. I where the teacher was before I made my . She was walking in the of the room with her back turned. I left my seat and went back to the pile of test papers already handed and when I picked up my paper I also the paper right below it before returning to my seat. When I looked at the paper I had taken, I discovered it was the work of the girl in our class. I copied her answers to my paper.

The next day the teacher handed back our papers turning them facedown on everyone’s desk. When I my paper over, I was to see an “F” on it. After class I went to the girl whose answers I had and said to her, “That math test was difficult. I it. I guess we need to study more.” Her was, “Not me, I got every question and got an A”.

The teacher knew. She never embarrassed me in front of the class and me to keep my dignity(尊严). I made a to myself never ever to cheat again. I would remember to always be in the things I do. I never forgot that teacher who failed me when, really, I had failed myself.

1.A.blackboard B.paper C.book D.picture

2.A.think B.cry C.worry D.sleep

3.A.seat B.classroom C.partner D.teacher

4.A.joy B.sign C.idea D.problem

5.A.believed B.found C.ignored D.checked

6.A.choice B.mind C.move D.comment

7.A.front B.middle C.back D.outside

8.A.out B.in C.over D.on

9.A.saw B.brought C.remembered D.included

10.A.extra B.new C.clean D.difficult

11.A.tallest B.oldest C.prettiest D.smartest

12.A.got B.turned C.put D.took

13.A.shocked B.angry C.happy D.excited

14.A.copied B.read C.marked D.examined

15.A.knew B.made C.failed D.lost

16.A.reply B.attitude C.opinion D.purpose

17.A.ready B.right C.done D.good

18.A.told B.reminded C.allowed D.advised

19.A.speech B.joke C.wish D.promise

20.A.honest B.friendly C.careful D.hopeful

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