题目内容
3.Pakistan's mud mysteryOn September 24,2013,an earthquake struck the southwest of Pakistan,taking more than 300lives and leaving hundreds of thousands homeless.But after the horrible disaster,people living by the coast received another shock---they saw a new island,which seemed to have appeared out of nowhere,in the sea just over a kilometer from the shore,which has become a global curiosity.
How was it formed in just a few minutes?
As we know,islands in the sea are usually formed by volcanoes.There are many volcanoes under the sea.As the hot lava (岩浆) rushes out of the earth's crust (地壳) and cools down,it piles up and forms the shape of a mountain.When the mountain grows higher than the sea level,the part that's above the water becomes an island.
This time the island was brought about by a"mud volcano"instead of by a regular volcano.Lava is not the only thing that's locked under the earth's crust---there is also gas.When an earthquake happens and breaks part of the crust,the gas is released at an extremely high speed,pushing mud up to the surface.But only extremely powerful earthquakes can cause mud volcanoes to push up enough mud to produce islands---and this 7.7-magnitude earthquake in Pakistan was strong enough.The island is about 20meters high,up to about 90meters wide and 30meters long,nearly the size of a soccer field.
In fact,mud volcano islands aren't new.This is the fourth island of this kind in the region since 1945.But those islands usually didn't last long."It will probably be gone within a couple of months,"said Bill Barnhart,a researcher with the US Geological Survey.After all,"it's just a big pile of mud that was on the seafloor that got pushed up".
56.How many shocks did people in Pakistan receive on September 24,2013?(within 1word)
Two.
57.Where does the hot lava come from?(within 5words)
From under the earth's crust./From inside the earth.(Volcanoes under the sea.)
58.How does mud come above the surface of water?(within 6words)
It is pushed up by gas.
59.When will a mud volcano island be possibly formed?(within 6words)
When the earthquake is powerful enough (extremely powerful).(when the crust is broken.)
60.How long is the new mud volcano island likely to last?(within 3words)
A few months.(Several months.).
分析 巴基斯坦西南部发生地震,在地震中有300多人死亡,无数的人无家可归,但令人更惊讶的是,海边突然冒出一个小岛,到底是怎么一回事呢?让我们带着好奇心一探究竟吧!
解答 56.Two.细节理解题 根据第一段On September 24,2013,an earthquake struck the southwest of Pakistan,taking more than 300lives and leaving hundreds of thousands homeless.But after the horrible disaster,people living by the coast received another shock可知,在September 24,2013这一天发生了两件令人震惊的事情,故答案为Two.
57.From under the earth's crust./From inside the earth.(Volcanoes under the sea.)细节理解题 根据文章Lava is not the only thing that's locked under the earth's crust---there is also gas.可知,岩浆应该是来自于地球的内部,故答案为From under the earth's crust./From inside the earth.(Volcanoes under the sea.)
58.It is pushed up by gas. 细节理解题 根据When an earthquake happens and breaks part of the crust,the gas is released at an extremely high speed,pushing mud up to the surface.可知,mud是由于地壳下的gas推上来的,故答案为It is pushed up by gas.
59.When the earthquake is powerful enough (extremely powerful).(when the crust is broken.)细节理解题 根据But only extremely powerful earthquakes can cause mud volcanoes to push up enough mud to produce islands---and this 7.7-magnitude earthquake in Pakistan was strong enough.可知,mud volcano island形成的条件是地震的强度需要够大才行,故答案为When the earthquake is powerful enough (extremely powerful).(when the crust is broken.)
60.A few months.(Several months.)细节理解题 根据."It will probably be gone within a couple of months,"said Bill Barnhart,a researcher with the US Geological Survey.可知,这种岛屿可能会在几个月内消失,故答案为A few months.(Several months.)
点评 在考查学生阅读理解的基础上,增加了对书面表达能力的考查.该试题既考查学生的语言输入,也考查语言的输出;同时,考生对问题的回答即语言的输出应建立在对文章内容理解的前提上.该题型最显著的特点在于所问问题中包括翻译试题和开放型问题.翻译试题是要求考生结合所翻译的句子及文中的情景进行翻译;开放型问题要求考生根据自己的理解和个人的观点来进行回答.由此可见,该试题比传统的阅读理解试题更具综合性,更能体现对考生语言综合运用能力的考查.因此在训练学生应试该题型时要和阅读理解、书面表达结合在一起,从该题型的考查要点着手,抓住要点.7个类型的题目进行有针对性的训练,把培养阅读表达能力和做题技巧与培养考生的阅读理解、书面表达能力融为一起,共同提高;在练中训练考生的理解能力、表达能力;培养起他们的开放性思维习惯.

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