is often the case, we have worked out the plan in detail ahead of time. A. Which B. When C. What D. As 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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______ is often the case, we have worked out the plan in detail ahead of time.

A. Which B. When C. What D. As

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Criticism (批评) is everywhere in life. It is up to you to decide how to react to it. Learn how to deal with criticism and lead a happier and more relaxing life.

Ask yourself how the criticism will affect you. Will you lose your job because of the criticism? Will you lose what is important to you because you are criticized? Will life stop existing if your opinions are not accepted? Surely not! So, don’t worry about it. Instead, remember that some criticism actually helps you make some improvements.

You absolutely cannot stop what people say. What you can do, however, is to change the way you react to criticism. If you let it upset you, then the blame is on you. You have the right to decide what to do with the criticism you receive.

Don’t be afraid to accept criticism. No one likes to be told that he is wrong. Yet, every single person has, at one time or another, been blamed for something. Realize that it’s normal. You may have received some strong criticism, but it doesn’t mean that you are foolish, or that you don’t have the ability to do something properly. If you are afraid to put your work out for others to see, you’ll never know if you are a capable person. Try not to think of it in that way and don’t take it seriously. If you can learn to be optimistic, you will remove some stress and nervousness about what people think, thus becoming happier.

Consider where the criticism comes from. It may help you step back and examine what causes the criticism. Is the critic just trying to offer constructive criticism? It is much easier to accept correction or guidance from someone that has good intentions. This type of criticism is known as valid criticism, because there is a valid point or reason to it. On the other hand, there are critics that offer their advice just to be negative. This is commonly referred to as invalid criticism because it is often not of any use at all.

Do your best. And if someone doesn’t like what you’ve done, so what? It’s either valid criticism or invalid criticism. But you have the power to decide how you will allow it to affect you.

Title: How to deal with criticism

The author’s opinion about criticism

Criticism is a (n) 1. part of life and it is up to you to decide your reaction to it.

Ways of dealing with criticism

●Understand the 2. that criticism has on you:

1) Some criticism won’t make a difference to you, so don’t feel 3. about it.

2) Some criticism can help you 4. .

●Change the way you respond to criticism and try not to be 5. about it.

●Accept criticism 6. :

Receiving criticism doesn’t mean you are stupid or you are 7. to do things.

●Be optimistic about criticism and you will become less stressed or 8. .

●Think about the 9. for criticism:

It may be valid criticism or invalid criticism.

10.

Take criticism as it is and remember you decide how you respond to it.

Pollution is a growing problem that is facing the international community, but even the actions that we take can make a difference. Littering is creating environmental problems all over the world and is often created by careless individuals. If we guard our actions against careless littering we can ensure a better world for everyone.

Littering is a severe problem in many countries around the world. For example, the African city of Kampala, the capitol of Uganda, is suffering from the consequences of littering. For many years the city’s poor didn’t have a proper way to dispose of trash, so garbage filled the streets. Over the years much of the plastic garbage would slowly be pushed into the ground. This plastic litter doesn’t allow rain water to seep into the ground and has caused flooding. In many of Kampala’s poor neighborhoods whenever it rains people’s homes become flooded with water. This water is often dirty and has allowed diseases to spread. This flooding has become so bad that the Ugandan government has banned plastic bags in the entire country to stop the littering.

Trash often finds its way into the water. Today the world’s oceans are believed to have millions of tons of trash floating around in them. This creates a problem for wildlife because they may accidentally eat the trash and die from it. Scientists have found on very remote islands baby birds that have died because their stomachs were full of trash. Fish often get tangled in plastic and will also die. Our actions in our own countries affect the most remote parts of the planet.

We can all be part of the solution to stop this pollution, just by preventing careless littering. If you need to throw something away, don’t toss it over your shoulder — find a trash can. If you see a friend littering tell them not to. By making this small change we can create a better world for all.

1.What does the author say is the cause of littering? (No more than 4 words)

________________________________________________________________________

2.How does trash cause flooding? (No more than 10 words)

_______________________________________________________________________

3.How can local actions affect the international environment? (No more than 12 words)

________________________________________________________________________

4.What does the author suggest to prevent littering? （No more than 7 words）

________________________________________________________________________

The porter brings your bags to your room and helpfully explains all you want to know. Then he points to the phone and says, “If there's anything else you need, just call.” All this time you have been thinking one thing, “How much should I tip(付小费) him?” To make your next trip a little easier, here's a guide to tipping across some Asian countries.

Bangkok

In general, the more Westernized the place is, the more likely you will be expected to leave a tip. Some top-end restaurants will add a 10% service charge to the bill. If not, waiters will appreciate you tacking on(附加) the 10% yourself. However, if you're eating at a lower-end(低档的) restaurant a tip is not necessary. If you're staying at one of Bangkok's many five-star hotels, expect to tip the porter 20 to 50 baht(泰国货币单位), depending on how many bags you have. Taxis are now metered in Bangkok. Local custom is to round the fare(车费) up to the nearest five baht.

Hong Kong

Tipping is customary in this money-mad metropolis(大都市). Most restaurants add a 10% service charge to the bill, but the extra money often ends up in the pocket of the owner. If the service is good, add another 10% to the bill, up to HK $100 in an especially nice restaurant. For HK $10 hotel porters should do it at all but the nicest hotels where a new HK $20 bill may be more acceptable. When in a taxi, round up(凑整数) to the nearest dollar.

Kuala Lumpur

Tipping in Malaysia is limited to the expensive Westernized hotels, which often add a 10% service charge to your meal or hotel room. If you are at a hotel restaurant, expect a 10% service charge. But at local restaurants, there's no need to add a tip. At five-star hotels, one or two ringgit(马来西亚货币单位) will content a porter. At lower-end buildings don't feel you have to tip. Like Bangkok, many taxis are now metered so you can just round up to the nearest ringgit.

Seoul

Tipping is not part of Korean culture, although it has become a matter of course in international hotels where a 10% service charge is often added. If you're at a Korean barbecue joint(烧烤处), there's no need to add anything extra. But a nice Italian restaurant may require a 10% contribution. If you're at a top-end hotel, so expect to pay 500～1 000 won per bag. Taxi drivers don't accept a tip. Keep the change for yourself.

1.In which of the following cities is it unnecessary to tip the taxi-drivers?

A．Bangkok. B．Hong Kong. C．Seoul.. D．Kuala Lumpur

2.Which of the following is NOT the unit of money?

A．Baht B．Charge. C．Won. D．Ringgit.

3.From the text, we can infer tipping comes from _______.

A．the west B．Hong Kong C．Asian countries D．Bangkok

4.If you stay at a five-star hotel in Kuala Lumpur, how much will you pay the porter at least?

A．one ringgit. B．10% of service charge C．half a ringgit. D．two ringgit.

5.The writer seems _______.

A．to give the readers some advice on how to tip B．to tell the readers how to travel

C．to ask the readers to go on a travel to Asian cities D．to make the trip more pleasant

Since many of you are planning to study at a college or university in this country, you may be curious to know what you usually do in a typical week, how you can get along with your fellow students, and so on. These are the questions I want to discuss with you today.

First, let’s talk about what your weekly schedule will look like. No matter what your major may be, you can expect to spend between four and six hours a week for each class attending lectures. Lectures are usually in very large rooms because some courses such as introduction to sociology or economics often have as many as two or three hundred students, especially at large universities. In lectures, it’s very important for you to take notes on what the professor says because the information a lecture is often different from the information in your textbooks. Also, you can expect to have exam questions based on the lectures. So it isn’t enough to just read your textbooks; you have to attend lectures as well. In a typical week you will also have a couple of hours of discussion for every class you take. The discussion section is a small group meeting usually with fewer than thirty students where you can ask questions about the lectures, the reading, and the homework. In large universities, graduate students, called teaching assistants, usually direct discussion sections.

If your major is chemistry, or physics, or another science, you’ll also have to spend several hours a week in the lab, or laboratory, doing experiments. This means that science majors spend more time in the classroom than non science majors do. On the other hand, people who major in subjects like literature or history usually have to read and write more than science majors do.

1.The main purpose of this text is .

A．to persuade the students to attend lectures

B．to encourage the students to take part in discussions

C．to advise the students to choose proper majors

D．to help the students to learn about university life.

2.We can learn from the passage that university professors .

A．spend about 5 hours on lectures each week

B．must join the students in the discussion sections

C．require the students to read beyond the textbooks

D．prefer to use textbooks in their lectures

3.A discussion section does NOT include .

A．talking over what the students have read about the courses

B．working under the guidance of university professors

C．discussing the problems related to the students’ homework

D．raising questions about what a professor has said in a lecture

4.According to the author, science majors .

A．read and write less than non science majors

B．have to work harder than non science majors

C．spend less time on their studies than non science majors

D．consider experiments more important than discussions

America is a mobile society. Friendships between Americans can be close and real, yet disappear soon if situations change. Neither side feels hurt by this. Both may exchange Christmas greetings for a year or two, perhaps a few letters for a while — then no more. If the same two people meet again by chance, even years later, they pick up the friendship. This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand, because friendships between us flower more slowly but then may become lifelong feelings, extending (延伸) sometimes deeply into both families. Americans are ready to receive us foreigners at their homes, share their holidays, and their home life. They will enjoy welcoming us and be pleased if we accept their hospitality (好客) easily. Another difficult point for us Chinese to understand Americans is that although they include us warmly in their personal everyday lives, they don’t show their politeness to us if it requires a great deal of time. This is usually the opposite of the practice in our country where we may be generous with our time. Sometimes, we, as hosts, will appear at airports even in the middle of the night to meet a friend. We may take days off to act as guides to our foreign friends. The Americans, however, express their welcome usually at homes, but truly can not manage the time to do a great deal with a visitor outside their daily routine. They will probably expect us to get ourselves from the airport to our own hotel by bus. And they expect that we will phone them from there. Once we arrive at their homes, the welcome will be full, warm and real. We will find ourselves treated hospitably. For the Americans, it is often considered more friendly to invite a friend to their homes than to go to restaurants, except for purely business matters. So accept their hospitality at home!

1.The writer of this passage must be ______.

A．an American

B．a Chinese

C．a professor

D．a student

2.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A．Friendships between Americans usually extend deeply into their families.

B．Friendships between Americans usually last for all their lives.

C．Americans always show their warmth even if they are very busy.

D．Americans will continue their friendships again even after a long break.

3.From the last two paragraphs we can learn that when we arrive in America to visit an American friend, we will probably be ______.

A．warmly welcomed at the airport

B．offered a ride to his home

C．treated hospitably at his home

D．treated to dinner in a restaurant

4.The underlined words “generous with our time” in Paragraph 3 probably mean ______.

A．strict with time	B．serious with time
C．careful with time	D．willing to spend time

5.A suitable title for this passage would probably be “______”.

A．Friendships between Chinese

B．Friendships between Americans

C．Americans’ hospitality

D．Americans’ and Chinese’s views of friendships

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