题目内容

Pollution is a growing problem that is facing the international community, but even the actions that we take can make a difference. Littering is creating environmental problems all over the world and is often created by careless individuals. If we guard our actions against careless littering we can ensure a better world for everyone.

Littering is a severe problem in many countries around the world. For example, the African city of Kampala, the capitol of Uganda, is suffering from the consequences of littering. For many years the city’s poor didn’t have a proper way to dispose of trash, so garbage filled the streets.  Over the years much of the plastic garbage would slowly be pushed into the ground. This plastic litter doesn’t allow rain water to seep into the ground and has caused flooding. In many of Kampala’s poor neighborhoods whenever it rains people’s homes become flooded with water.  This water is often dirty and has allowed diseases to spread. This flooding has become so bad that the Ugandan government has banned plastic bags in the entire country to stop the littering.

Trash often finds its way into the water. Today the world’s oceans are believed to have millions of tons of trash floating around in them. This creates a problem for wildlife because they may accidentally eat the trash and die from it. Scientists have found on very remote islands baby birds that have died because their stomachs were full of trash. Fish often get tangled in plastic and will also die. Our actions in our own countries affect the most remote parts of the planet.

We can all be part of the solution to stop this pollution, just by preventing careless littering.  If you need to throw something away, don’t toss it over your shoulder — find a trash can. If you see a friend littering tell them not to. By making this small change we can create a better world for all.

1.What does the author say is the cause of littering? (No more than 4 words)

________________________________________________________________________

2.How does trash cause flooding? (No more than 10 words)

_______________________________________________________________________

3.How can local actions affect the international environment? (No more than 12 words)

________________________________________________________________________

4.What does the author suggest to prevent littering? (No more than 7 words)

________________________________________________________________________

 

【答案】

1. Careless actions.

2.Plastic litter prevents rain from seeping into the ground.

3.Some pollution can cross borders and harm more than one country.

4.More responsible actions by individuals.

【解析】

试题分析:

1.从第一段的句子:Littering is creating environmental problems all over the world and is often created by careless individuals可知垃圾是一些人的粗心的行为引起的: Careless actions.

2.从第二段的句子:This plastic litter doesn’t allow rain water to seep into the ground and has caused flooding.可知塑料垃圾阻止雨水渗透到地下,引起洪水:Plastic litter prevents rain from seeping into the ground.

3.从第三段的最后一句话:Our actions in our own countries affect the most remote parts of the planet.可知我们的行为可能会污染其他国家。Some pollution can cross borders and harm more than one country.

4.从最后一段的句子:We can all be part of the solution to stop this pollution, just by preventing careless littering.可知我们每个人都要负起责任来:More responsible actions by individuals.

考点:考查阅读表达

点评:阅读表达的题目要根据文章的内容进行回答,有的是细节题,到相关的段落寻找关键句,得出答案,还有推理题,要根据相关的句子找出作者想要表达的意思,考查学生的理解力。

 

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请认真阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意:每空格只填1个单词。
The Auto Show, which is being held right now in Beijing, has risen to the top ranks of global auto industry events, as China has become the world's biggest auto market.For many Chinese youngsters, having a car has become a new lifestyle reflecting freedom and success
First, there is the thrill of individual mobility and freedom, going from one place to another in their own time, and on their own terms.
"I like the speed; I like the freedom; I can't imagine not having a car," Hou Mingxin, 39, owner of two cars, told the Financial Times.
And these youngsters don't just want freedom through car ownership, but also a larger social circle.Thanks to the Internet, car owners can band together for leisure activities, such as going strawberry picking in the countryside.It is an activity that many car lovers would never have attempted without the benefits of a car.
In China, the car is also a status symbol."It's an opportunity to declare personal success," said Michael Dunne, a Shanghai-based managing director of J.D.Power and Associates, an auto industry group."The small, environmentally-friendly models are not best sellers in China.The Chinese are crazy about big cars, a symbol of achievement," said Dunne.
Thanks to a growing middle-class, and an increasingly developed network of roads, the number of car owners in China is rapidly increasing. China last year replaced the US and became the world's largest car market with 13.6 million vehicles sold.
But the car craze(狂热) has raised environmental and traffic concerns. Many worry that car emissions could take pollution to a new level. Heavy traffic also troubles many Chinese cities.
China is discovering the romance of the road just as developed countries seem to have lost it. “The younger generation in mature markets is unwilling to buy cars, especially in Europe and Japan," says Klaus Paur, of TNS Auto in Shanghai.
In developed countries, owning a car can be expensive, with the parking fees car insurance and various taxes, said a 2008 article in US magazine Newsweek.
"Having a car is so 20th century," Kimiyuki Suda, a young white collar worker from Tokyo told Newsweek.He mostly uses subways and trains."It's not inconvenient at all."

I want to talk about the economy.Not "the economy" we hear about endlessly in the news each day and in politicians' speeches.I want to talk about the real economy, the one we live in day by day.

         Most people aren't particularly interested in "the economy"."Share prices are flying high; interest rates are soaring(令人伤心的); the Dow Jones Index closed sixty-three points down on 8472.35." We hear this and subconsciously switch off.

        Notice that "the economy" is not the same as the economy, "The economy" is what men in suits play with to make vast personal wealth.The economy is where the rest of us live on a daily basis, earning our living, paying our taxes, and purchasing the necessities of life.

        We are supposed to be benefiting from all the advantages of a well-off society.So why do we feel tired and stressed? We have no time for anything other than work, which is ridiculous given the number of labor-saving devices in our lives.Our towns become more and more crowded.We poison our air and seas, and our food is full of chemicals.There's something wrong here.If times were truly good, then you may think we'd all feel optimistic about the future.Yet the majority of us are deeply worried.More than 90 percent of us think we are too concerned about ourselves and not concerned enough about future generations.

    The term "economic expansion" suggests something desirable, but expansion simply means spending more money.More spending doesn't mean that life is getting better. We all know it often means the opposite - greed, crime, poverty, pollution. More spending merely feeds our whole economic system, which is based on production and consumption. Unless money keeps circulating, the economy breaks down. If we don't keep consuming, the whole system goes into stalemate(僵局).

         How do we break the cycle and make some changes? We need to become far more aware of the results of our actions. We buy clothes that are made in sweat shops by virtual slaves in poor parts of the world. We create mountains of waste. We demand cheap food, mindless of the fact that it totally lacks taste and is produced using chemicals that poison the land.

    The consumption(消费) culture makes us unaware of the effect of our own behavior. Our main problem is not that we don't know what to do about it. It is gathering the desire to do it.

1.According to the author, which one belongs to the real economy?

A.The Dow Jones Index.       B.Increases in interest rates.

C.Shopping in a supermarket.      D.Skyrocketing share prices.

2.It can be concluded from Paragraph 4 that        

A.people are benefiting from a well-off society

B.the future generation is a big concern for most people

C.the majority of people are optimistic about the future

D.people still feel much pressure despite labor-saving devices

3.What is true about economic expansion?

A.It may lead to some social problems.

B.It guarantees a better life for us.

C.It will stop the circulation of money.

D.It has only brought desirable effects.

4.The author writes the passage mainly to       

A.suggest a solution for over-consumption

B.call on us to change our behavior

C.make a distinction between two economies        

D.inform us of the effects of economic expansion

 

China is going green. In order to reduce air pollution and oil shortages, automobile manufacturers have announced their plans to develop hybrid vehicles (混合燃料汽车) for the Chinese market. Toyota's hybrid car Prius will be ready to drive in China this week. Let's have a look at the new car.

Any vehicle is a hybrid when it combines two or more sources of power. Hybrid cars run off a rechargeable battery and gasoline. Hybrid cars have special engines, which are smaller than traditional gasoline engines. They run at 99 percent of their power when the car is cruising (匀速行驶). A specially designed battery motor provides extra power for running up hills or when extra acceleration is needed.

Step into a Prius, and turn on the engine. The first thing you notice is how much quieter it is than a traditional car. At this point, the car's gasoline engine is dormant (休眠). The electric motor will provide power until the car reaches about 24 km/h. If you stay at a low speed, you are effectively driving an electric car, with no gasoline being used, and no waste gas gives off.

The onboard (车载的) computer makes the decision about when to use a gas engine, when to go electric, and when to use a combination of the two. If you go over 24 km/h, when you step on the gas pedal (油门), you are actually telling the computer how fast you want to go.

The electronic motor recharges automatically using a set of batteries. When driving at high speed, the gasoline engine not only powers the car, but also charges the batteries. Any time you use the brake, the electric motor in the wheels will work like a generator and produce electricity to recharge the batteries. As a consequence, the car's batteries will last for around 200,000 miles.

1.The author writes this passage mainly to________.

A. teach people how to drive a hybrid car

B. introduce a new kind of “green” car

C. show how to save their gasoline when driving a car

D. announce plans to develop hybrid vehicles for China

2.Which of the followings is NOT true?

A. The hybrid cars reduce air pollution and oil shortages.

B. The car's gasoline engine doesn't work until it reaches about 24 km/h.

C. This kind of car is completely controlled by an onboard computer.

D. A specially designed battery motor provides extra power when needed.

3.What is the most important feature of hybrid cars?

A. They are powered by both a rechargeable battery and gasoline.

B. They are much quieter than traditional cars.

C. They only use 99 percent of their power to run up hills.

D. They have smaller engines than traditional gasoline ones.

4.What can we conclude from the story?

A. The batteries can be recharged at any time you want.

B. Using the brake suggests that the gasoline engine should work.

C. The batteries will last for 200, 000 miles without being recharged.

D. The gasoline engine charges the batteries as well as powers the car.

 

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