题目内容
7.Envy seems to be bad-but it doesn't have to be.Researchers are finding that,if approached the right way,there can actually be an advantage.Psychologists classify envy in two ways:negative and positive.With positive envy,you are motivated by another person's success and struggle to follow it.With negative envy,you want to cut the advantaged person down so you look better by comparison.Let's say you feel sufferings of envy after your rival(对手) at another firm gets promoted.Negative envy might drive you to destroy his success,but positive envy would inspire you to work harder and get promoted,too.
Studies show positive envy can be a great motivator(动力).In a 2011study published in the Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,researchers in the Netherlands conducted a series of experiments with more than 200university students.Researchers found that when they caused feelings of positive envy----as opposed to admiration or negative envy----in the students,it drove them to want to study more and perform better on a test measuring creativity and intelligence.While admiration may feel better,the researchers found,it doesn't motivate performance like the pain and frustration of envy.
"Those painful sufferings of envy are there for an evolutionary(进化的) reason,"says Texas Christian University researcher Sarah E.Hill,"warning us that someone has something of importance to us."Building on this theory,Dr.Hill and others conducted a series of experiments,published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,to test whether envy improves attention and memory----the tools needed to copy a rival's steps to success.In one experiment,half of the participants were asked to recall past feelings of envy; the other half weren't.The two groups were then shown mock(模拟的) interviews of imaginary peers.The group filled with envy paid closer attention and better recalled details about the interview subjects.In other words,envy made them more astute(机敏的).Not only can envy motivate us to reach for higher goals,it may even give us the cognitive push to get there.
32.What's the bad effect of negative envy?C.
A.It makes you lose heart and gets discouraged.
B.It has you feel motivated.
C.It makes you harm or hurt others on purpose.
D.It reminds you to struggle to follow your dreams.
33.What's the benefit of positive envy?B.
A.It inspires you to find a possible rival to try to defeat them.
B.It encourages you to work harder with a positive attitude.
C.It won't hurt your opponents in the same firm.
D.It won't destroy your success at another firm.
34.Compared to admiration,positive envy canD.
A.make you feel worse in all sides
B.be more likely to get you to admire others
C.make you feel the pain in your performance
D.be more likely to get you inspired to get success
35.What is the main idea of the passage?C
A.Envy seems to be bad.
B.Keep your envy in secret.
C.Make full use of positive envy.
D.Forget about your envy now.
分析 本文介绍现代嫉妒心理似乎是有害的--但它不一定就是如此.研究人员发现,如果处理得当的话,这种罪孽其实也有有利的一面.
解答 31.C推理判断题.根据第二段中的With negative envy,you want to cut the advantaged person down so youlook better by comparison.Let's say you feel sufferings of envy after your rival(对手) at anotherfirm gets promoted.Negative envy might drive you to destroy his success如果是恶意嫉妒,你会想打击占上风的人,好让你相比之下显得更成功.假如你在另一家公司的竞争对手升了职,你感到一阵阵的妒意,那么恶意嫉妒可能会让你去贬损他的成功.故选C.32.B推理判断题.根据第二段最后一句positive envy would inspire you to work harder and get promoted,too.善意嫉妒会激发你更努力地工作以得到升职机会.故选B.
33.D推理判断题.根据第三段最后一句While admiration may feel better,it doesn't motivate performance like the pain and frustration of envy.研究人员还发现,尽管崇拜也许让人更好受些,但它不会像嫉妒带来的痛苦与挫败感那样激励出更佳表现.故选D.
34.C.主旨归纳题.由第一段Envy seems to be bad-but it doesn't have to be.Researchers are finding that,if approached the right way,there can actually be an advantage.可知嫉妒也有有利的一面,我们应该好好利用,故选C.
点评 本篇文章主旨句即在第一段.因此考生要重视文章的标题和文章的首句,因为文章的标题或首句往往就是文章的主题,有利于考生理解全文内容.
When you are living a fully-scheduled life,every minute counts.No matter how many ways you divide your (41)A,there-s never enough time in a day to catch up.
Six years ago,I was (42)Bwith a care-free,stop-and-smell-the-roses type of (43)D.When I needed to rush out,she was taking her sweet (44)A picking out a purse and a shining crown.When I needed to have a (45)B 1unch,she'd stop to speak to the elderly woman who looked like her grandma.Whenever my child caused me to deviate(偏离) from my main (46)C,I thought to myself,we don-t have time for this.(47)A,the two words I most commonly spoke to my little lover of life were:"(48)D!"
Then one day,things (49)B.We'd just picked up my older daughter from kindergarten and were getting out of the car.Seeing her little sister not going fast enough for her liking,my older daughter said,"You are so (50)D."When the older one crossed her own arms,it dawned on me that her annoyed look (51)Cthat of mine.I saw the damage my hurried existence was doing to (52)A.of my children.
Though my (53)Cto slow down was made almost three years ago,Living at a slower pace still takes great effort.My younger daughter is my living (54)Aof why I must keep trying.In fact,she reminded me once again the other day.When I thought my little child was going to eat the last (55)Bof an ice cream,she held out a spoonful of it."I saved the last for you,"she said.At that moment,I (56)BI'd just got the deal of a lifetime.I gave my child a little time,and unexpectedly,(57)C,she reminded me that things taste (58)D and love comes easier when you stop (59)Athrough life.
Pausing to delight in the simple joys of daily life is the only way to truly live.Trust me,I learned from the world's born (60)C in joyful living.
41.A.attention | B.memory | C.love | D.experience |
42.A.bored | B.blessed | C.content | D.patient |
43.A.sister | B.grandma | C.son | D.daughter |
44.A.time | B.ice cream | C.step | D.lunch |
45.A.big | B.quick | C.nutritious | D.joyful |
46.A.goal | B.responsibility | C.schedule | D.interest |
47.A.Consequently | B.Frankly | C.Surprisingly | D.Unusually |
48.A.Cheer up | B.Pull up | C.Shut up | D.Hurry up |
49.A.improved | B.changed | C.appeared | D.worsened |
50.A.silly | B.excited | C.careful | D.slow |
51.A.silenced | B.contradicted | C.mirrored | D.encouraged |
52.A.both | B.all | C.some | D.neither |
53.A.demand | B.offer | C.promise | D.mistake |
54.A.reminder | B.memory | C.image | D.example |
55.A.half | B.bite | C.cup | D.piece |
56.A.wondered | B.realized | C.recognized | D.valued |
57.A.in conclusion | B.in short | C.in return | D.in fact |
58.A.hotter | B.softer | C.sourer | D.sweeter |
59.A.rushing | B.going | C.getting | D.surviving |
60.A.scientist | B.magician | C.expert | D.designer |
When I was a little girl,I would often accompany you as you modeled for fashion photographers.It was years later that I finally understood what role modeling(31)Bin your life.Little did I know you were(32)Aevery penny you earned to go to(33)Cschool.
I cannot thank you enough for(34)Ayou told me one autumn afternoon when I was nine.After finishing my homework,I wanted to go into the dining-room where you were buried(35)Dpiles of law books.I was(36)C.Why were you doing what I do-memorizing textbooks and studying for(37)B?When you said you were in law school,I was more puzzled.I didn't know.Moms(38)Dbe lawyers too.You smiled and said,"In life,you can do anything you want to do."
As young as I was,that statement kept (39)A in my ears.I watched as you faced the (40)C of completing your studies,starting companies with Dad,while still being a (41)D and a Mom of five kids.I was exhausted just watching you (42)B.With your words of wisdom in my (43)C mind,I suddenly felt unlimited freedom to dream.My whole world (44)D.I set out to live my life filled with (45)A,seeing endless possibilities for personal and professional achievements.
Your words became my motto.I (46)A found myself in the unique position of being either the first (woman doctor in Maryland Rotary) (47)C one of the few women (chief medical reporters) in my field.I gained strength every time I said,"Yes,I'll try that."
Encouraged by your (48)B,I have forged ahead (毅然前行) with my life's journey,less afraid to make mistakes,and (49)D meeting each challenge.You did it,and now I'm (50)A it.Sorry,got to run.So much to do,so many dreams to live.
31.A.found | B.played | C.kept | D.provided |
32.A.saving | B.making | C.donating | D.receiving |
33.A.business | B.fashion | C.law | D.medical |
34.A.what | B.that | C.which | D.where |
35.A.at | B.to | C.upon | D.under |
36.A.amused | B.worried | C.puzzled | D.disappointed |
37.A.roles | B.tests | C.positions | D.shows |
38.A.must | B.ought to | C.need | D.could |
39.A.ringing | B.blowing | C.falling | D.beating |
40.A.choices | B.chances | C.challenges | D.changes |
41.A.professor | B.doctor | C.reporter | D.model |
42.A.in danger | B.in action | C.in trouble | D.in charge |
43.A.weak | B.powerful | C.youthful | D.empty |
44.A.came back | B.closed down | C.went by | D.opened up |
45.A.hope | B.hardship | C.harmony | D.sadness |
46.A.constantly | B.shortly | C.hardly | D.nearly |
47.A.and | B.but | C.or | D.for |
48.A.description | B.statement | C.praise | D.introduction |
49.A.secretly | B.curiously | C.carelessly | D.eagerly |
50.A.doing | B.considering | C.correcting | D.reading |