书面表达假如你是李华.你的朋友Tom邀请你下周去他们学校参加文化交流活动并向外国朋友介绍中国的传统绘画. 但你忙于准备期末考试.不得不谢绝邀请.请根据下面的要点用英语写一封信:1. 谢绝邀请,2. 说明理由,3. 推荐朋友Mary参加.并说明原因.注意:1. 词数100左右,2. 可以适当增加细节.以使行文连贯,3. 信的开头和结尾以为你写好.Dear To 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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书面表达

假如你是李华，你的朋友Tom邀请你下周去他们学校参加文化交流活动并向外国朋友介绍中国的传统绘画。但你忙于准备期末考试，不得不谢绝邀请。请根据下面的要点用英语写一封信：

1. 谢绝邀请；

2. 说明理由；

3. 推荐朋友Mary参加，并说明原因。

注意：1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3. 信的开头和结尾以为你写好（不计入总词数）。

Dear Tom,

Thank you very much for your invitation. ______________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

John Nash，a Nobel Prize winner and a mathematical genius whose struggle with mental illness was documented in the Oscar-winning film A Beautiful Mind，was killed in a car accident on May 24th, 2015.

Born in West Virginia, Nash displayed a keenness for mathematics early in life，independently proving Femret's little theorem（定理）before graduating from high school. By the time he turned 30 in 1958，he was an unquestionable academic celebrity. At Princeton, Nash published a 27-page thesis that led to applications to economics，international politics, and evolutionary biology

His signature solution-known as a "Nash Equilibrium（纳什均衡）”-found that competition among two opponents，not necessarily governed by zero-sum logic. Two opponents can, for instance，each achieve their maximum objectives through cooperating with the other, or gain nothing at all by refusing to cooperate. It is now regarded as one of the most important social science ideas in the 20th century.

In the late 1950s, Nash began a slide into mental illness. By the time Nash was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1994, he hadn't published a paper in 36 years. But like a child cured of a nightmare by the switch of a light, Nash recovered from his illness seemingly by choosing not to be sick anymore. He continued to work, travel，and speak at conferences for the rest of his life.

In 2001，the release of the film A Beautiful Mind，based an Sylvia Nasar’s 1998 book of the same name，introduced Nash's unusual life story to an international audience

1.John Nash passed away because of__________

A. a mental illness B. overwork

C. a traffic accident D. starvation

2.According to“Nash Equilibrium"，what will happen if two opponents refuse to cooperate?

A. They will get nothing at all.

B．They will get what they really want

C. 'They will lose the support from each other

D. They will achieve their maximum objectives.

3.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. John Nash's Sudden Death

B. John Nash's Extraordinary life

C. John Nash's Equilibrium

D. John Nash's Mental illness.

阅读理解。

How to make friends

Choosing friends

Before you make friends,you have to decide who you want to be your friends.Most people like to have friends who like to do the same kind of things as they do.That doesn’t mean you have to be exactly like each other,just that you enjoy some of the same things.Think about your favorite things to do and try to talk to your classmates at lunch or rest about your hobbies.You are sure to find at least one person who’s excited about the same things that excite and interest you,too.

Making friends

●The quickest way to make a friend is to smile.When you smile,people think you are friendly and easy to talk to.It may not be easy at first to smile.But you can practice smiling in front of a mirror.When you look at yourself in the mirror,think if you’d rather talk to your smiling face or your usual scared or angry face.

●One easy way to start a conversation with someone is to say something nice about them.Think about how great you feel when someone says something nice to you.Doesn’t it make you want to talk to him?

●Ask your new friends questions about themselves.It’s the only way to get to know what they’re like and it’s the only way they’ll know that you are interested in them.

●Make sure you have something to add to the conversation,too.When someone asks you a question,do have an answer for them.There is nothing that will stop a conversation quicker than a shrug(耸肩) for an answer.

Activities

After you’ve made a friend who shares the same interests with you,it’s always fun to plan activities together that you’ll both enjoy.Inviting a friend to your house after school is a great way to make your friendship closer.

If you know a game your friend likes to play,you can plan to do that together.When you play a computer game,one person is always left sitting with nothing to do but watch.Not fun.

1.Before you make friends with someone,make sure .

A.both of you are exactly like each other

B.both of you enjoy some of the same interests

C.you have talked to him or her at lunch or rest about your hobbies

D.you have little in common with each other

2.When you want to make friends with someone,you should do all the following except .

A.smiling at him or her before talking

B.starting a conversation first

C.asking some questions about him or her

D.giving a shrug instead of an answer

3.To make your friendship last long,you shouldn’t .

A.do something that interests both of you together

B.invite your friend to your house at weekends

C.be always doing something by yourself with your friend left doing nothing

D.play basketball together in your free time

Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day. “I was a clothes addict(有瘾的人),” he jokes. “I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me, so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled(有褶皱的).” Today David wears casual clothes (便装) to the office. He hardly ever wears a necktie. “I am working harder than ever.” David says, “and I need to feel comfortable.”

More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work. In the United States, the change from formal to casual office wear has been gradual. In the early 1990s, many companies allowed their employees to wear casual clothes on Friday. This became known as “casual Friday”. “What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees has really become an everyday thing.” said business consultant Maisly Jones.

Why have so many companies started allowing their employees to wear casual clothes? “One reason is that it’s easier for a company to attract new employees if it has a casual dress code.” “A lot of young people don’t want to dress up for work,” says Owen Black, the owner of a software company, “so it’s hard to hire people if you have a conservative (保守的) dress code.” Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes. In a study conducted by Levi Company, 85 percent of employers said that they believe that casual dress improves employee morale (心境, 士气). Only 4 percent of employers said that casual dress has a negative influence on productivity. Supporters of casual office wear also argue that a casual dress code helps them save money. “Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day,” one person said. “For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more casual clothes.”

1.David thinks he was “a clothes addict” because .

A. he disliked cheap clothes

B. he always kept his suit neat

C. he often cleaned his office

D. he spent a little on clothes

2.Why does David Smith wear casual clothes now?

A. He feels at ease.

B. He looks handsome.

C. He went to a new company.

D. He can’t afford expensive suits.

3.What can we learn from the text?

A. Casual clothes can impress others.

B. People fought for “Casual Friday”.

C. “Casual Friday” used to be popular.

D. “Casual Friday” was given as a prize.

4.What is the advantage of casual office wear?

A. Making workers more easygoing.

B. Making workers more attractive.

C. Improving workers’ ability.

D. Saving workers’ money.

5.Which does Owen Black probably agree to?

A. Comfortable clothes are cheap.

B. Nobody like conservative clothes.

C. Young people like casual clothes.

D. U.S. employers like casual office wear.

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to Build Healthy Interpersonal Relationship

Human beings are social creatures and thrive(茁壮成长) in relationships with others. A healthy part to be a well-rounded, happy individual is engaging in healthy relationships with others.These friendships can provide safe environments in which individuals can thrive and help promote general well-being. __1._

1．Know your worth.

One of the first steps in building healthy interpersonal relationships is understanding one's value. When an individual is aware of and treasures what he or she has, the building of relationships can be founded on that knowledge. _2.__ Everyone has talents. When this worth is discovered, a person can then make use of these skills in approaching interpersonal relationships. If someone is a good listener, showing how to develop this skill can attract relationships with individuals who have a need for this talent.

2．Recognize the value of others.

_3._ In a healthy interpersonal relationships, both parties should be respected and feel as if they are valued in the friendship. When contributions to the relationship become one－sided, the relationship will move from healthy to unhealthy.

3．__4._

Another way to build healthy relationships is to make friends with someone who shares the same value systems and lifestyles. Knowing that a friend will not request something from an individual will help to foster trust in the relationship. _5.__The relationship can grow on this familiarity. Trust can also develop from these similarities and go a long way in fostering a healthy friendship.

A. Everyone has worth.

B. Be true to yourself.

C. Seek out individuals with similar value systems.

D. A healthy interpersonal relationship cannot be built on dishonesty.

E. Also, having the same lifestyle can provide a link of familiarity.

F. Here are some tips to build healthy interpersonal relationships.

G. Along with understanding one's worth is recognizing and understanding the worth of others.

The biggest challenge faced by travelers especially those who like to have a backpacking trip is how to ensure a steady supply of clean clothes. Now, thanks to a great invention called Scrubba Wash Pack, that worry may be a thing of the past.

The portable washing machine was invented by Ash Newland in 2010, while planning to climb Mt. Kilimanjaro. Struck by the limited packing space, he got inspiration from traditional washboards to create a bag that could be used to clean clothes. Then he quitted his career as a lawyer and focused on perfecting the bag’s design. By 2012, the bag was ready for the public. It weighed only 180 grams and required very little storage space, making it perfect for anyone wishing to travel light.

Not surprisingly, the bag worth 55 dollars was an instant hit with travelers, university students and even passengers. However, Newland was not satisfied. He still saw a flaw with his invention – dirty clothes had to be carried around in a separate bag! The recently introduced Scrubba Wash Pack solves that problem.

In order to make the pack active, dirty clothes are placed inside the bag along with two to three liters of water. The bag is then shut tightly to ensure all air is squeezed out and the clothes are massaged for a few minutes. After a quick wash, they are clean and ready to be dried. According to Newland, the pack can clean anything from jeans to smelly socks! What’s even more amazing is that with a capacity to hold 13-liters of water, it can be used to wash more clothes at a time.

The best part is that the 99-dollar pack that will be available for sale later this year, only weighs 300 grams and is completely foldable, making it easy to store when it’s not in use. With the Scrubba Wash Pack, wandering through foreign cities searching for a washing shop, or paying for washing machines may soon be a thing of the past!

1.What led Ash Newland to create the Scrubba Wash Bag?

A. His job requirements.

B. B. A traditional washboard.

C. His interest in invention.

D. His personal experience.

2.Why wasn’t Ash Newland satisfied with his former invention?

A. Clothes couldn’t be washed well.

B. The invention was not so convenient.

C. The bag couldn’t contain enough water.

D. The cost of the invention was very high.

3.It can be inferred that the improved Wash Pack ______.

A. turns to be much environmentally friendlier

B. will replace the traditional washing machines

C. will be widely used by more travelers in the future

D. can encourage more people to travel a long distance

4.What is the passage mainly about?

A. Introducing a great new invention.

B. Explaining the development of backpack

C. Listing some common problems for travelers.

D. Comparing two kinds of washing machines.

完形填空,请认真阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

As a child, I started learning to play the piano, my favorite musical _________ ,but I was forced to give up when I started my middle school _________ I could concentrate more on my studies.

It’s one of my biggest _________ to stop practicing the piano when I recall sadly today. During the following years, I kept telling my piano teacher that I would _________ . However, I didn’t keep my promise because I was _________ with my study. _________ I lost touch with my teacher. Some years later, my teacher died. I was very sad because I lost such a good teacher. She was a very warm and gentle person. It hurts me to think she may have been _________ that I never returned. I haven’t taken lessons since then but to be honest, I _________ to. Sitting at the piano, I couldn’t help recalling many _________ —times of my practising at home and playing before my teacher and one time my teacher _________ me after I played entire pieces of music wrong in front of her colleagues. I was so _________ that I could hardly say anything. But her _________ helped ease my shame. These memories, _________, good or bad, never caused my _________ for playing the piano again.

This thought then led me to think that _________ is like music, and that we all try to play different _________ in the instrument of our life. Sometimes the pitch(音高) is _________ when we play it well, but sometimes we are out of tone. However, we all continue to create our own _________ style of music. No matter what style our music is, it is _________ that we sing the songs of joy, quietness and love. Though I may never make it back to piano lessons, it doesn’t _________ that I’ve stopped making music.

1.A. instrument B. performance C. room D. stage

2.A. because B. so that C. now that D. for

3.A. successes B. regrets C. decisions D. hobbies

4.A. play B. graduate C. leave D. return

5.A. occupied B. angry C. satisfied D. patient

6.A. Actually B. Constantly C. Suddenly D. Gradually

7.A. astonished B. glad C. disappointed D. amazed

8.A. liked B. needed C. wanted D. decided

9.A. dreams B. expressions C. words D. memories

10.A. instructed B. hurt C. punished D. respected

11.A. frightened B. moved C. embarrassed D. excited

12.A. happiness B. satisfaction C. comfort D. sigh

13.A. instead B. meanwhile C. therefore D. however

14.A. hope B. courage C. feeling D. effort

15.A. life B. learning C. attitude D. enjoyment

16.A. cards B. sports C. roles D. games

17.A. hard B. wonderful C. surprising D. complex

18.A. unique B. boring C. common D. similar

19.A. necessary B. strange C. possible D. important

20.A. matter B. mean C. report D. appear

语法填空

I will never forget the Christmas I spent in Germany a few years ago.

My family bitterly opposed us when my brother and I said 1. were going to spend the Christmas holidays abroad. But nothing could persuade us 2. (stay). Two days 3. Christmas, we went to a small town in Southern Germany. We spent 4. whole Christmas Eve sightseeing.

There were so many activities in the town that they added to our 5. (excite). The streets were crowded with people, 6. the shops were full of wonderful things. In the evening, we went to listen to Christmas songs sung by children around the 7. (bright) decorated Christmas tree in the main street. We returned to our hotel late that night, greatly 8. (look) forward to the next day when we planned to have a meal at the best restaurant in town. But in the morning the streets were empty. To make matters worse, all the shops including the restaurants 9. (shut). At last we had to return to our hotel, feeling very miserable(心情糟糕的). Our Christmas “feast” was a bag of fruits, which my brother had happened to buy the day before. Our thoughts sadly turned to home, 10. the entire family must have been wishing us a “Merry Christmas” at that moment.

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。(如果所用的答题卡没有E、F、G选项，则选E涂A、B，选F涂A、C，选G涂A、D。)

Evaluating Sources (来源) of Health Information

Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information. Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information, how to separate fact from opinion, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources. 1.

Go to the original source. Media reports often simplify the results of medical research. Find out for yourself what a study really reported, and determine whether it was based on good science. Think about the type of study. 2.

Watch for misleading language. Some studies will find that a behavior “contributes to” or is “associated with” an outcome; this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result. 3. Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.

Use your common sense. If a report seems too good to be true, probably it is. Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements. 4. Evaluate “scientific” statements carefully, and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术).

5. Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration, but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.

Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about the health problems will serve you well throughout your life.

A. Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an author’s point of view.

B. The goal of an ad is to sell you something.

C. Be sure to work through the critical questions.

D. And examine the findings of the original research.

E. Distinguish between research reports and public health advice.

F. Make choices that are right for you.

G. The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive

from common sources.

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