题目内容

Many people are not fully aware of the damage that it does to their health. This is ____ we chose this picture as our logo.

A. that B. because

C. why D. for which

 

C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:许多人没有充分意识到它对健康的损害。这就是我们为什么要选择这张图片作为我们的徽标。Is后面是表语从句,根据前后句意可知此处表示结果,固定句型:this is why+从句“这就是为什么……”,this is because+从句“这是因为……”,答案选C。

考点:考查表语从句。

 

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Two new studies suggest that modern running shoes could increase the risk of injuries to runners.

One study involved sixty-eight healthy young women and men who ran at least twenty-four kilometers a week. The runners were observed on a treadmill machine (跑步机). Sometimes they wore running shoes. Other times they ran barefoot (赤脚).

Researchers from the JKM Technologies Company in Virginia, the University of Virginia and the University of Colorado did the study.

They found that running shoes create more stress that could damage knees, hips and ankle joints than running barefoot. They observed that the effect was even greater than the effect reported earlier for walking in high heels.

The study appeared in the official scientific journal of The American Academy of Physical Medicine.

The other study appeared in the journal Nature. It compared runners in the United States and Kenya. The researchers were from Harvard University in Massachusetts, Moi University in Kenya and the University of Glasgow in Scotland.

They divided the runners into three groups. One group had always run shoeless. Another group had always run with shoes. And the third group had changed to shoeless running.

Runners who wear shoes usually come down heel first. That puts great force on the back of the foot. But the study found that barefoot runners generally land on the front or middle of their foot. That way they ease into their landing and avoid striking their heel.

Harvard’s Daniel Lieberman led the study. He says the way most running shoes are designed may explain why those who wear them land on their heels. The heel of the shoe is bigger and heavier than other parts of the shoe, so it would seem more likely to come down first. Also, the heel generally has thick material under it to soften landings.

But the researchers do not suggest that runners immediately start running barefoot. They say it takes some training. And there can be risks, like running when your feet are too cold to feel if you get injured.

The study was partly supported by Vibram, which makes a kind of footwear that it says is like running barefoot. The findings have gotten a lot of attention. But the researchers say there are many problems in the way the press has reported in their paper. So they have tried to explain their findings on a Harvard Website.

1.What’s the main idea of the passage?

A. Walking in high heels could cause less serious effects than running barefoot.

B. Two new discoveries encourage people to run in high heels.

C. Running in shoes is partly good to runners.

D. Two new studies prove running without shoes is beneficial to runners in most cases.

2.Which part of our body could be injured if we run in running shoes?

A. Toes.B. Hips.

C. Feet.D. Legs.

3.What can we learn from the passage?

A. The way that we run by landing on the front or middle of our foot could avoid damaging our heel.

B. We should start running barefoot in no time.

C. Running in modern running shoes could cause more serious effects than running in high heels.

D. We won’t be injured if we run barefoot.

 

An increase in students applying to study economics at university is being attributed to the global economic crisis awakening a public thirst for knowledge about how the financial system works.

Applications for degree courses beginning this autumn were up by 15% this January, according to UCAS, the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service. A spokesman for the Royal Economic Society said applications to do economics at A-level were also up.

Professor John Beath, the president of the society and a leading lecturer at St Andrews University, said his first –year lectures—which are open to students from all departments were drawing crowds of 400, rather than the usual 250.

“There are a large number of students who are not economics majors, who would like to learn something about it. One of the things I have done this year is to relate my teaching to contemporary events in a way that one hasn’t traditionally done.” He said.

University applications rose 7% last year, but there were rises above average in several subjects. Nursing saw a 15% jump, with people’s renewed interest in careers in the public sector(部门), which are seen as more secure in economic crisis.

A recent study showed almost two thirds of parents believed schools should do more to teach pupils about financial matters, and almost half said their children had asked them what was going on, although a minority of parents felt they did not understand it themselves well enough to explain.

Zack Hocking, the head of Child Trust Funds, said, “It’s possible that one good thing to arise from the downturn(衰退) will be a generation that’s financially wiser and better equipped to manage their money through times of economic uncertainty.”

1.Professor John Beath’s lectures are ___________.

A. given in a traditional way

B. connected with the present situation

C. open to both students and their parents

D. warmly received by economics

2.In the opinion of most parents, ___________.

A. economics should be the focus of school teaching

B. more students should be admitted to universities

C. the teaching of financial matters should be strengthened

D. children should solve financial problems themselves

3.What’s the main idea of the text?

A. Universities have received more applications.

B. Economics is attracting an increasing number of students.

C. College students benefit a lot from economic uncertainty.

D. Parents are concerned with children’s subject selection.

 

Below is a selection from a popular science book.

If blood is red, why are veins(静脉)blue?

Actually, veins are not blue at all. They are more of a clear, yellowish colour. Although blood looks red when it’s outside the body, when it’s sitting in a vein near the surface of the skin, it’s more of a dark reddish purple colour. At the right depth, these blood-filled veins reflect less red light than the surrounding skin, making them look blue by comparison.

Which works harder, your heart or your brain?

That kind of depends on whether you’re busy thinking or busy exercising. Your heart works up to three times harder during exercise, and shifts enough blood over a lifetime to fill a supertanker. But, in the long run, your brain probably tips it, because even when you’re sitting still your brain is using twice as much as your heart, and it takes four to five times as much blood to feed it.

Why do teeth fall out, and why don’t they grow back in grown-up?

Baby (or “milk”) teeth do not last long; they fall out to make room for bigger, stronger adult teeth later on. Adult teeth fall out when they become damaged, decayed and infected by bacteria. Once this second set of teeth has grown in, you’re done. When they’re gone, they’re gone. This is because nature figures you’re set for life, and what controls regrowth of your teeth switches off.

Do old people shrink as they age?

Yes and no. Many people do get shorter as they age. But, when they do, it isn’t because they’re shrinking all over. They simply lose height as their spine(脊柱)becomes shorter and more curved due to disuse and the effects of gravity(重力). Many (but not all) men and women do lose height as they get older. Men lose an average of 3—4 cm in height as they age, while women may lose 5 cm or more. If you live to be 200 years old, would you keep shrinking till you were, like 60 cm tall, like a little boy again? No, because old people don’t really shrink! It is not that they are growing backwards—their legs, arms and backbones getting shorter. When they do get shorter, it’s because the spine has shortened a little. Or, more often, become more bent and curved.

Why does spinning make you dizzy(眩晕的)?

Because your brain gets confused between what you’re seeing and what you’re feeling. The brain senses that you’re spinning using special gravity-and-motion-sensing organs in your inner ear, which work together with your eyes to keep your vision and balance stable. But, when you suddenly stop spinning the system goes out control, and your brain thinks you’re moving while you’re not!

Where do feelings and emotions come from?

Mostly from an ancient part of the brain called the limbic system. All mammals have this brain area—from mice to dogs, cats, and humans. So all mammals feel basic emotions like fear, pain and pleasure. But since human feelings also involve other, newer bits of the brain, we feel more complex emotions than any other animals on the planet.

If exercise wears you out, how can it be good for you?

Because our bodies adapt to everything we do to them. And as far as your body is concerned, it’s “use it, or lose it”! It’s not that exercise makes you healthy; it’s more that a lack of exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease.

1.What is the colour of blood in a vein near the surface of the skin?

A. Blue B. Dark reddish purple

C. Red D. Light yellow

2.Why do some old people look a little shrunken as they age?

A. Because their spine become more bent.

B. Because they are more easily affected by gravity.

C. Because they keep growing backwards.

D. Because their spine is in active use.

3.Which of the following statements about our brain is true?

A. The brains of the other mammals are as complex as those of humans.

B. When our brain senses the spinning, we will feel dizzy.

C. In the long run, our brain probably works harder than our heart.

D. Our feelings and emotions come from the most developed area in our brain.

4.. In this article, we can know except _____.

A. it takes four to five times as much blood to feed our brain as to feed our heart.

B. when adult teeth are gone, they cannot grow back.

C. the reason why spinning make us dizzy.

D. how we can grow taller.

5. What is the main purpose of the selection?

A. To give advice on how to stay healthy.

B. To report the latest discoveries in medical science.

C. To challenge new findings in medical research.

D. To provide information about our body.

 

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