题目内容
17．Daisy had always longed to help endangered species of wildlife．分析 Daisy 一向渴望帮助濒临灭绝的野生动物．
解答 答案：endangered
根据句意以及首字母的提示可知，此处的意思是：濒于灭绝的；此处用来修饰名词species，故用形容词endangered．
点评 做首字母填空题时，可根据句意以及首字母的提示判断出空缺处的意思，从而确定出要填的单词；然后从语法分析的角度，确定出应填单词的形式；因此在平时的学习中，除了应牢固记忆单词的拼写之外，还要熟练掌握一些语法知识．
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7．One reason Americans eat so many calories is that we tend to eat large portions（分量）．Studies find that hamburgers and fries are generally offered in serving sizes two to five times larger than the appropriate meal size．Researchers find we usually clean our plates no matter how high they're piled，even if we already feel satisfied．See the suggestions below to further master the fine art of sizing up（估量） your snacks and suppers．
Extremely large portions are one possible reason Americans continue getting fatter even as the percentage of our total calories from fat has gone down in recent years．Fortunately，portions are relatively simple to control because it's easier to count cookies than calories or grams of fat．
Pre-picture portions．Use familiar objects to picture how much you should eat of a food before you pick up your fork or spoon．For example，a half cup of low-fat granola is about the size of your fist．A half cup of low-fat ice cream equals half an orange．
Use a smaller dish．This tip might sound ridiculous，but it works．First and most obvious is that you can't put as much food on，say，a salad plate．But psychologically，you're just not as prone to eat as heartily and quickly if your plate will be empty in 45 seconds．
Have raw vegetables at every meal．Raw cucumbers，tomatoes，carrots，and peppers have few calories and lots of nutrients．A plate of them in the middle of the table almost always gets eaten up，cutting down appetite for the more calorie-dense meat．
Start your meal with soup．Studies show that a bowl of soup at the start of the meal reduces overall meal consumption，since they are lowest in calories and highest in nutrients．
Manage your fork．After every bite of food，put your fork down．Don't pick it up until you have thoroughly chewed and swallowed the previous bite．The goal is both to slow down your eating and to eat less．Remember：Your body needs 20 minutes of digestion before it sends signals to your brain that you are no longer hungry．
Extremely large portions are one possible reason Americans continue getting fatter even as the percentage of our total calories from fat has gone down in recent years．Fortunately，portions are relatively simple to control because it's easier to count cookies than calories or grams of fat．
Pre-picture portions．Use familiar objects to picture how much you should eat of a food before you pick up your fork or spoon．For example，a half cup of low-fat granola is about the size of your fist．A half cup of low-fat ice cream equals half an orange．
Use a smaller dish．This tip might sound ridiculous，but it works．First and most obvious is that you can't put as much food on，say，a salad plate．But psychologically，you're just not as prone to eat as heartily and quickly if your plate will be empty in 45 seconds．
Have raw vegetables at every meal．Raw cucumbers，tomatoes，carrots，and peppers have few calories and lots of nutrients．A plate of them in the middle of the table almost always gets eaten up，cutting down appetite for the more calorie-dense meat．
Start your meal with soup．Studies show that a bowl of soup at the start of the meal reduces overall meal consumption，since they are lowest in calories and highest in nutrients．
Manage your fork．After every bite of food，put your fork down．Don't pick it up until you have thoroughly chewed and swallowed the previous bite．The goal is both to slow down your eating and to eat less．Remember：Your body needs 20 minutes of digestion before it sends signals to your brain that you are no longer hungry．
| Helpful hints on how to get a handle on the how-much factor | |
| Facts | Hamburgers and fries served in restaurants are generally two to five times thesizeof the proper ones． Americans usually clean their plateshoweverhigh they're piled，even if they are already satisfied |
| Effects | Americans continue getting fatter even as they have eatenfewercalories from fat in recent years． |
| suggestions | a．Usefamiliarobjects to imagine how much you should eat of a food before a meal． b．Use a smaller dish and thus eatslowly c．Have raw vegetables at every meal to cut downappetitefor the more calorie-dense meat． d．Start your meal withsoupto reduce meal consumption． e．Put down your fork attimes/intervalsto make sure your brain receivessignalsthat you're full． |
7．（36）B Most start with small talk on a random day．Asking about the homework in class or complaining about your tired legs after playing in a soccer game，you found your best pal by accident．The following is a four-step guide to making small talk．
1．Getting started
Begin by talking about the surroundings，such as the weather outside or the room you are in．（37）F．
2．Looking for topics
At this point，you and your conversation partner need to find common ground．This is a good time to ask questions or to refer back to things you've said or heard earlier．（38）AThe other person is probably just thinking of something to say．
3．Expanding the topic
The goal is to keep the conversation going．At every stage，you should be careful not to talk too much．But don't let the other person dominate （支配） the conversation either．（39）G
4．Ending politely
When ending a conversation，let the person know you'll be leaving soon，express appreciation for the conversation and set the stage for a future conversation．For example，you could say，"I really must be going soon，but I had a great time chatting with you．（40）E Here's my phone number．Call or text me if you know of any other movies you think I might enjoy．"
1．Getting started
Begin by talking about the surroundings，such as the weather outside or the room you are in．（37）F．
2．Looking for topics
At this point，you and your conversation partner need to find common ground．This is a good time to ask questions or to refer back to things you've said or heard earlier．（38）AThe other person is probably just thinking of something to say．
3．Expanding the topic
The goal is to keep the conversation going．At every stage，you should be careful not to talk too much．But don't let the other person dominate （支配） the conversation either．（39）G
4．Ending politely
When ending a conversation，let the person know you'll be leaving soon，express appreciation for the conversation and set the stage for a future conversation．For example，you could say，"I really must be going soon，but I had a great time chatting with you．（40）E Here's my phone number．Call or text me if you know of any other movies you think I might enjoy．"
| A．Don't worry if it gets quiet． B．How did your friendships begin？ C．Small talk is where all your relationships begin． D．It's important to mention something about yourself． E．I really liked hearing your opinion about that new movie． F．The purpose is to show the other person that you are willing to make a conversation． G．If that starts to happen，mention something about yourself when he or she takes a breath． |