题目内容

2．Pierre is a 25-year-old penguin（企鹅）at the California Academy of Sciences．Due to his old age，he was losing his feathers，which made him feel too cold to swim in the pool．Therefore，biologists at the academy had a wetsuit created for this penguin to help him get back in the swimming pool．
Unlike marine（海生的）mammals，which have a layer of blubber（鲸脂）to keep them warm，penguins depend on their waterproof feathers．Without them，Pierre was unwilling to jump into the swimming pool and ended up trembling on the side of the pool while his 19peers played in the water．
"He was cold；he would shake，"said Pam Schaller，a  senior biologist．Schaller first tried a heat lamp to keep Pierre warm．Then she got another idea：if wetsuits keep humans warm in the cold Pacific，why not make one for Pierre？
Schaller designed the suit，which covered Pierre's body and had small openings for his flippers （鳍）．
"I would walk behind him and look at where there were any gaps，and cut and refit until it looked like it was extremely suitable．"she said．
One concern was that the other penguins would reject Pierre in his new suit，but in fact，they accepted his new look．He swam freely and got along with others well，although he was the only penguin with a black stomach．
Schaller couldn't say for sure whether the wetsuit allowed Pierre to recover his fine feathers，but"certainly we were able to keep him comfortable during a period of time that would have been very difficult for him to stay comfortable"．
Pierre will take off his suit after his new feathers grow back．
24．Pierre felt too cold to swim in the pool because ofA．
A．having few feathers due to old age    
B．not having a layer of blubber
C．having no wetsuit                  
D．others penguins rejecting him
25．The idea of making a wetsuit for Pierre came fromB．
A．total invention            
B．the use of wetsuit on humans
C．the use of heat lamp        
D．waterproof feathers
26．Schaller followed Pierre in order to seeD．
A．whether other penguins would reject him
B．whether the wetsuit would keep the feathers from recovering
C．if the wetsuit kept warm
D．if anywhere of the wetsuit needed to be cut and refit
27．The best title of the passage isC．
A．Unwilling to Swim             
B．Old Penguin Getting Bald（秃的）
C．Wetsuit for An old Penguin       
D．Strange Look of Pierre．

分析 人们印象中，企鹅应该不怕冷．而生活在美国加利福尼亚州旧金山加州科学院水族馆的一只斑嘴环企鹅，由于羽毛脱落而无法忍受冰冷的池水．为此，加州科学院研究人员特地为这只企鹅穿上"防寒服"，让它能够与同伴一样在水中游泳嬉戏．

解答 24．A．细节理解题．文章第一段说明了Pierre怕冷的原因：Due to his old age，he was going bald，which made him feel too cold to swim in the pool可知彼埃尔觉得太冷了，不能在游泳池游泳因为年纪大了羽毛少了；故选A．
25．B．细节理解题．文章第三段讲述了Pam想出这个办法的过程：Then she got another idea：if wetsuits keep humans warm in the cold Pacific，why not make one for Pierre？可知为彼埃尔制作一件潜水衣的想法来自人类的潜水服；故选B．
26．D．细节理解题．文章第五段说明了Pam跟踪Pierre的原因：I would walk behind him and look at where there were any gaps，and cut and refit and cut and refit until it looked like it was extremely suitable可知夏勒跟着彼埃尔去看是否潜水服有任何需要裁剪、改装的；故选D．
27．C．主旨大意题．全篇讲述的是生物学家给一只老企鹅做保暖夹克，帮它重返泳池的故事．因此A项正确．

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．

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7．JUNIPF．R INSTITUTE FOR YOUNG WRITERS
Hosted by University of Massachusetts Amherst
June 20-28，2017
The Juniper Institute for Young Writers （JIYW） offers high school students a unique opportunity to participate in intensive creative writing workshops，craft sessions，and studio courses designed especially for young writers．We are pleased to announce that we are now accepting online applications for the 2017session!
Eligibility （资格）
The Juniper Institute for Young Writers welcomes high school students．We operate on a rolling admissions basis，and we do our best to make admission decisions within 6weeks of receiving applications．Once your application is accepted，enrollment in the JIYW is guaranteed on a first-come，first-served basis．
Application Process Overview
Applications are accepted online．The application deadline is March 2，2017．Early application is encouraged，as admission is competitive and the program fills quickly!Application materials include：30applicationfeeawritingsample/apersonalstatement．ApplicationFeeAnon-refundableapplicationfeeof30is required with each application．Applicants pay the fee by debit or credit card through a secure site on the online application．
A Writing Sample
The writing sample should be 5-7 pages of fiction．Please include your name & email address as a header or footer in the writing sample．
A Personal Statement
This statement of no more than 300 words should describe your interest in the Juniper Institute for Young Writers．Please explain why this would be a meaningful opportunity for you and what you think you can contribute to the institute．
Tuition & Housing
Tuition of﹩1，350 includes all institute activities （workshops，craft sessions，studio courses and field trips）．You will need to pay a 200 non-refundable tuition deposit in order to guarantee your space．Remaining tuition is due in full no later than May 15，2017．
The cost of housing is﹩216 for a shared room in our residence hall．Participants may choose to stay elsewhere off campus，but the immersive （沉浸式） nature of the program and residence life curriculum encourages on-campus residence．
 
36．The Juniper Institute for Young Writers program lasts ______．B．
A.5 days   B.9 days   C.12 days   D.15 days
37．Potential applicants are advised to _____'A_．
A．apply as early as possible
B．live elsewhere off campus
C．inspect the residence hall
D．pay the tuition in full
38．Which of the following is acceptable as the writing sample？_____．C
A．News reports．
B．Personal experiences．
C．Short stories．
D．Business letters．
39．Which of the following is NOT included in the tuition？____．D_
A．Studio courses．
B．Craft sessions．
C．Field trips．
D．Daily meals．
40．We can learn from the passage that______．C．
A．the program doesn't accept online application
B．you can apply for this program before June 20，2017
C．the program is targeted at senior middle school students
D．you can pay﹩216 to rent your own room in the residence hall．
13．Despite his lack of experience，he got the job．
10．How to smile for a better health
   As a fun way to improve your physical and mental health，smiling is free of charge．This articles explores the ways you can smile to be healthy．
Smile to relieve stress．Stress is easily shown in our faces．（36）CWhen you're stressed，try to put on a smile，as it will make you feel happy，and you will appear happy．Your feeling of stress will be reduced．
Smile to help your immune system（免疫系统） work better．Smiling brings about a sense of relaxation which helps your immune system to work better．（37）GSmile to stay positive．Have a simple test．First，try to think of something negative，and then smile．（38）FWhen we smile，our body and mind are sending us a message that everything is okay，and that life is great．
Smile to live longer．Those who smile are thought to live an average of 79.9 years，while non-smilers live an average of 72.9 years．（39）ESmile to achieve success．（40）AThey will put their boss into a happy mood and are more likely to be approached by many people，they are more likely to be promoted．And it's an easy way to improve your relationships with others．

A．People who smile appear more confident．
B．Smiling is a good way to make new friends．
C．Smiling prevents people from looking too tired．
D．When someone is sad，try to make him laugh to cheer him up．
E．The only conclusion to be reached from this is to smile every day．
F．You can reduce the risk of sickness such as the cold and the flu by smiling．
G．You will see that it is hard to combine the negative thought with the smile．
17．Life is difficult．
    It is great truth because once we truly understand and accept it，then life is no longer difficult．
 Most do not fully see this truth．Instead，they complain about their problems and difficulties as if life should be easy．It seems to them that difficulties represent a special kind of suffering especially forced upon them or upon their familie s，their class，or even their nation．
 What makes life difficult is that the process of facing and solving problems is a painful one．Problems，depending on their nature，cause us sadness，loneliness or regret or anger and fear．These are uncomfortable feelings，often as painful as any kind of physical pain．And since life causes an endless series of problems，life is always difficult and is full of pain as well as joy．
Yet，it is in this whole process of solving problems that life has its meaning．Problems are the serious tests that tell us success from failure． When we desire to encourage the growth of human spirit，we encourage the human ability to solve problems，just as in school we set problems for our children to solve．It is through the pain of meeting and working out problems that we learn．As Benjamin Franklin said，"Those things that hurt instruct．"It is for this reason that wise people learn not to fear but to welcome the pain of problems．
25．From the passage，it can be inferred thatB．
A．everybody has problems
B．we become stronger by meeting and solving the problems of life
C．life is difficult because our problems bring us pain
D．people like to complain about their problems
26． The writer probably used just one short sentence in the first paragraph toD．
A．save space              
B．persuade readers
C．makes readers laugh     
D．get readers'attention
27． The main idea of Paragraph 3 is thatD．                               
A．most people feel life is easy    
B．the writer feels life is easy
C．the writer likes to complain about his problems
D．most people complain about how hard their lives are
28． According to the passage，we give schoolchildren difficult problems to solve in order toA．
A．encourage them to learn
B．teach them to fear the pain of solving the problem
C．helps them learn to deal with pain
D．teach them how to solve problems．
7．Blue-eyed people have been living in Europe for at least 7，000years，scientists have discovered．
A man who lived on the Iberian Peninsula before Europeans became farmers probably had blue eyes but dark hair and skin，according to scientists who have sequenced （排序） his DNA．This surprising combination of eye，hair and skin coloring may not have been unusual during his lifetime，but it is no longer seen among modern Europeans，the team reported Sunday in the journal Nature．
The man，a Neolithic hunter-gatherer known to scientists as La Bra?a 1，is of great interest to scientists because he offers a photograph of what was in Europeans'DNA before agriculture （农业） spread through the continent．Experts have understood that certain genetic （基因的） features spread quickly among humans after they led the farming lifestyle．La Bra?a 1shows that at least some of their expectations were correct．
The man's skeleton，along with that of a male companion，was discovered in 2006in a cave in what is now northeastern Spain．The site，known as La Bra?a-Arintero，sits about 5，000feet above sea level，and the cave provided a cold，refrigerator-like environment that preserved his DNA．
In the lab，scientists were able to take out enough DNA from a single tooth to reconstruct La Bra?a 1's entire genome （基因组）．They compared it to the DNA of other ancient Europeans and determined that he was a closer match with hunter-gatherers than with farmers．
When it came to genes that would influence La Bra?a 1's appearance，the researchers found that their 7，000-year-old subject had versions of two skin pigment （色素） genes that are either very rare or nonexistent among Europeans today．Then they looked at other places in the genome that influence pigmentation and found a mix of ancient and modern gene variants （变体）．Taken together，La Bra?a 1's DNA"is likely to have resulted in dark skin pigmentation and dark or brown hair，"they wrote．
However，his DNA indicates that his eyes were most likely blue，the scientists found．This suggests that gene variants for light-colored eyes and skin did not spread together，they wrote，adding that La Bra?a 1's combination"of dark skin and non-brown eyes is unique and no longer present in contemporary European populations．"Today，a blue-eyed person would usually have fair skin．
To get some idea of whether La Bra?a 1's coloring was unusual for his day，the researchers will try to sequence the DNA of his companion，who has been named La Bra?a=2．
25．Why scientists are interested in La Bra?a 1？B
A．They can know Europeans'DNA．
B．They can know European hunter-gatherers'DNA．
C．They can know the ancient agriculture in Europe．
D．They can know some of their expectations were correct．
26．La Bra?a 1was well preserved due toD．
A．dry weather        
B．a high cave     
C．proper protection          
D．cold conditions
27．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？A
A．La Bra?a 1's DNA influenced his appearance．
B．La Bra?a 1's appearance influenced contemporary Europeans．
C．La Bra?a 1's gene variants spread together．
D．La Bra?a 1's genes are completely different from contemporary Europeans'．
28．The last paragraph suggests thatD．
A．La Bra?a 2has the same genome with La Bra?a 1
B．Blue-eyed people were common in Europe 7，000years ago
C．Bra?a 1's combination of dark skin and non-brown eyes is unique
D．It's not certain that La Bra?a's appearance was common at his time．
14．It was a very foggy day in London．The fog was so thick that it was impossible to see more than a foot or so．Buses，cars and taxis were not able to run and were standing by the side of the road．People were trying to find their way about on foot but were losing their way in the fog．Mr．Smith had a very important meeting at the House of Commons and had to get there but no one could take him．He tried to walk there but found he was quite lost．Suddenly he  bumped into a stranger．The stranger asked if he could help him．Mr．Smith said he wanted to get to the Houses of Parliament．The stranger told him he would take him there．Mr．Smith thanked him and they started to walk there．The fog was getting thicker every minute but the stranger had no difficulty in finding the way．He went along one street，turned down another，crossed a square and at last after about half an hour's walk they arrived at the Houses of Parliament．Mr．Smith couldn't understand how the stranger found his way．"It is wonderful，"he said．"How do you find the way in the fog？"
"It is no trouble at all to me，"said the stranger，"I am blind．"
21．According to the passage，we can infer that bump into meansB．
A．knock off                       
B．meet by chance
C．strike                          
D．traffic accident
22．Which of the following statements are NOT true？A
A．The stranger has a better sight than Mr．Smith．
B．Heavy fog can cause traffic accidents．
C．It's easy to get lost in a foggy day．
D．The fog was getting thicker and thicker．
23．Why is it no trouble at all to the stranger to find the way in the fog？D
A．Because he is a local inhabitant of London．
B．Because he lives next to the Houses of Parliament．
C．Because he isfamiliar with the route．
D．Because he finds the way not by sight but by heart．
24．This article mainly tells us thatC．
A．London is a foggy city．
B．Mr．Smith works for the government．
C．A blind stranger led the way for Mr．Smith in a foggy day．
D．Mr．Smith had a very important meeting and lost his way in the fog．
11．Explore the possibility of using the iPad App Store in the classroom．
App Name：Bridge Constructor/Cost：$1.99
Bridge Constructor lets players build increasingly challenging bridges over deep valleys，canals and rivers．Stress tests reveal whether the bridge kids build can withstand continual use from cars．trucks，and more recently，super-heavy tank trucks．Players can choose from among a range of bridge-building materials such as wood，steel，cables or concrete pillars（混凝土柱）．Each bridge also has a budget，and there are numerous ways to successfully complete each challenge．
App Name：Tap the Cat/Cost：$2.99
Tap the Cat appeals to younger students'natural sense of playing with a wide variety of
activities．Students can match spaceship letters，drag letters to make words，match words to pictures and build their vocabulary．Each activity will keep them motivated and engaged with colorful animations，catchy music and reward screens．
App Name：Pyramids 3D/Cost：$13.99
The interface allows users to fly around the plateau where the pyramids and the Sphinx are located at Giza near Cairo．Interactive，three-dimensional maps let students wander around the labyrinthine tombs and passageways．Users can examine wall paintings in detail，or view royal statues and o：bjects with a 360-degree feature．
App Name：Grammar Up/Cost：$ 4.99
Grammar Up is a multiple choice quiz system for English grammar．Kids and adults can learn most quickly when playing learning games with real-time error feedback，which Grammar Up provides．The app also offers students practice tests so they can see how much they've learned．A summary is presented at the end of each test，showing time spent，score，and questions answered correctly and incorrectly．The results are also emailable．

21．By playing Bridge Constructor，you canA．
A．advance your ability of building
B．build a real bridge any time you like
C．save a large amount of money
D．try many ways to become suecessful
22.1f someone is interested in Egyptian culture，he/she may chooseD．
A．Bridge Constructor     B．Tap the Cat      C．Grammar Up      D．Pyramids 3D
23．The text is meant toC．
A．show the development of modem technology
B．compare the differences among the iPad Apps
C．introduce some practical Apps to the students
D．offer some helpful tips to buying some cheap apps．
14．Since I started working part-time at a grocery store，I have learned that a customer is more than someone who buys something．To me，a customer is a person whose memory fails entirely once he or she starts to push a shopping cart（购物手推车）．One of the first things customers forget is how to count．There is no other way to explain how so many people get in their express line，which is clearly marked 15 items or less，with 20，25 or even a cart load of items．
    Customers also forget why they came to the store in the first place．Just as I finish ringing up an order，a customer will say，"Oops，I forgot to pick up a fresh loaf of bread．I hope you don't mind waiting while I go to get it．"Five minutes later，he's back with the bread，a bottle of milk，and three rolls of paper towels．What is stranger is that customers also seem to forget that they have pay for their groceries．Instead of writing a check or looking for a credit card while I am ringing up the groceries，a customer will wait until I announce the total．Then，in surprise，she says，"Oh no，what did I do with my check book？"After 5 minutes of digging through her purse，she borrows my pen because she's forgotten hers．But I have to tolerate customers because they pay my salary，and that's something I can't afford to forget．
28．What does the author say about his customers？D
A．They cannot count numbers．
B．They sometimes jump the queue．
C．They don't know how to express themselves．
D．They behave as if their memories have totally failed．
29．According to the text，who are supposed to be in the express line？B
A．Customers with nothing bought．
B．Customers with not more than 15 items．
C．Customers with items between 15 and 25．
D．Customers with 25 or even a cart load of items．
30．When customers arrive at the check-out counter，theyB．
A．find their pens lost                 
B．go back and get more items
C．cannot wait to pay for their groceries       
D．prefer paying by check to paying by a credit card
31．We can infer from the text thatC．
A．business in the grocery store runs well      
B．the author finds his present job full of fun
C．the author's part-time job calls for patience       
D．customers go to grocery stores without planning．

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