题目内容

Bad news sells. If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news, and good news is no news. Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. But now that information is being spread and monitored in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules. By tracking people’s e-mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories.

“The ‘if it bleeds’ rule works for mass media”, says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. “They want your eyeballs and don’t care how you’re feeling. But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they react. You don’t want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.”

Researchers analyzing word-of-mouth communication—e-mails, Web posts and reviews, face-to-face conversations—found that it tended to be more positive than negative, but that didn’t necessarily mean people preferred positive news. Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things? To test for that possibility, Dr. Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories on The New York Times’ website. He and a Penn colleague analyzed the “most e-mailed” list for six months. One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles. He found that science amazed Times’ readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others.

Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad. They needed to be aroused（激发） one way or the other, and they preferred good news to bad. The more positive an article, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr. Berger explains in his new book, “Contagious: Why Things Catch On.”

1.What do the classic rules mentioned in the text apply to?

A. News reports.

B. Research papers.

C. Private e-mails.

D. Daily conversations.

2.What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer?

A. They are socially inactive.

B. They are good at telling stories.

C. They are inconsiderate of others.

D. They are careful with their words.

3.Which tended to be most e-mailed according to Dr. Berger’s research?

A. Sports news.B. Science articles.

C. Personal accounts.D. Financial reviews.

4.What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Sad Stories Travel Far and Wide

B. Online News Attracts More people

C. Reading Habits Change with the Times

D. Good News Beats Bad on Social Networks

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That morning, I got on the train as always. I was a publishing director and was reading my newspaper . But that day, I read it very . I thought I must be tired. At the office, I sat down, turned on my and found I couldn’t read the message on the screen.

Finally, worried drove me to hospital. There, confirmation came that I suffered from aphasia(失语症), a condition that it’s difficult or impossible to receive and produce language.

I was back at home a week later, and my was to get better and return to work in a couple of months. I started a speech therapist(治疗专家) three times a week, and was given homework to help my vocabulary and grammar. After a month, my own speech became —“Could you pass the salt?” “Shall we go for a walk?” — but I couldn’t have a conversation. I couldn’t read the newspaper.

For 25 years, I was used to a(n) day of meetings, and bringing three manuscripts home with me each night. I didn’t feel to say goodbye to my old self.

In the darkest months, I devoted myself to . I would spend hours writing a description of something like a pencil. I couldn’t novels or newspapers, so I tried reading poetry, and found the shorter lines easier to . My speech came back, and I learned how to read again, 56 much more slowly. I spent more time with my family, and myself to slow down.

Now, 10 years later, my relationship with my is deeper than ever. We have to be very patient with each other. I’m no longer a high-achieving publisher or someone who 10 books a week. I’m a family man with aphasia, and if I read 10 books a year, that’s good.

1.A. once again B. as usual C. in time D. at last

2.A.smoothly B. patiently C. worriedly D. slowly

3.A. radio B. compute C . phone D. typewriter

4.A. friends B. coaches C. colleagues D. roommates

5.A. means B. proves C. explains D. admits

6.A. discovery B. goal C. ability D. reason

7.A. seeing B. teaching C. describing D. greeting

8.A. receive B. repeat C. reunite D. rebuild

9.A. easy B. delightful C. functional D. fast

10.A. exciting B. busy C. interesting D. short

11.A. afraid B. anxious C. ready D. right

12.A. trying B. preparing C. focusing D. asking

13.A. similar B. strange C. special D. simple

14.A. produce B. recognize C. manage D. arrange

15.A. create B. understand C. write D. believe

16.A. since B. though C. unless D. when

17.A. allowed B. expected C. advised D. ordered

18.A. books B. illness C. doctors D. family

19.A. decided B. chosen C. continued D. learned

20.A. sells B. delivers C. reads D.collects

While your pet fish may appear to be ignorant of your presence, chances are that it knows you extremely well and can probably even identify you from a crowd of human faces! At least, that is the conclusion reached by scientists the University of Oxford in the U.K. and the University of Queensland in Australia, following an extensive study of the archerfish (喷水鱼), a species of tropical fish that can be found all the way from India to Indonesia, the Philippines, and Australia.

The ability to distinguish between human faces is a complex task. That’s because we all have the same basic features — two eyes sitting above a nose and a mouth. It’s only the subtle differences that make humans distinct from one another. Since this requires a combination of both visual sense and memory, researchers had always assumed that it was a skill possessed only by those with complicated brains, i.e., humans, a few select animals — such as horses, cows, dogs, monkeys and some birds, like pigeons.

To test if this assumption was accurate, a team of scientists led by Dr. Cait Newport, Marie Curie Research Fellow in the Department of Zoology at Oxford University, decided to study fish. The aquatic (水生的) animals have small brains that lack the neocortex（大脑新皮层）, or neocortex-like structure, believed to help recognize the subtle differences between human facial features.

The team began by presenting four archerfish with images of two human faces. Initially, the fish spat randomly at both. However, they soon learned that pouring water at the one selected by the researchers earned them a food treat. After that, they focused primarily on that image. The researchers then took the experiment one step further, by introducing 44 other human faces to the mix.

To the researcher’s astonishment, the trained archerfish were able to recall the learned image almost 81% of the time. And this accuracy improved to 86% when the researchers made the identification even harder, by replacing the colored photos with a set of black and white images and hiding the shape of the head.

1.What is the conclusion of the study made by the scientists from the universities?

A. Some fish may ignore your presence.

B. Some fish can recognize your faces.

C. Some fish have complicated brains.

D. Some fish have large brains.

2.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A. The ability to distinguish between human faces.

B. A combination of visual sense and memory.

C. The ability of memorizing complicated things.

D. The ability of telling beasts from birds.

3.In the experiment, the researchers trained the archerfish _______.

A. by taking photos of fish

B. by improving people’s images

C. by rewarding them with food

D. by covering their heads

Ten minutes later，a bus ________ and everybody got on it.

A．came upB．added upC．looked upD．put up

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Great changes have been taken place over the past five years in my hometown, that is a famous historic city. The streets used to be narrow, filling with small shops. Rubbish can be seen everywhere. Nowadays the streets are wider and clean with trees and flowers planted along the sidewalks. Besides, four new parks have been opened for the public and a number of high buildings has arisen in the city. However, some of the historic building have been torn down to make room for high buildings. Our city is now modern and clean and it doesn’t have its own special characteristics. In my opinion, we should try to protect all the historic buildings in process of urban development.

You had better learn to be grateful. If ________, you naturally open yourself up to receive all kinds of blessings and good things in life. You can receive almost everything you want ________. If you want recovery soon, start by feeling grateful that you are still ________. If it is more money that you want, start being grateful for whatever ________ of money you already have.

You see, showing gratitude(感恩) is the key to developing ________ attitude to life. It is the key to building successful relationships, and it is the key to ________ healthier and happier lives. And this is ________ the importance of being grateful lies. In a word, it makes life better.

One of my favorite ________ is “If you learn to appreciate more of what you already have, you will find yourself having more to appreciate.” Think about that!

Something as ________ as a “Thank you for being in my life” or “I ________ having you here with me”, can go a long way. It will make the other person feel good, and ________ it also will make you feel better!

So maybe your wife is not very ________ around the house, but she’s great at cooking your favorite ________. Or, maybe your child spilled milk all over your new shirt right ________ you walked out of the door for work, but usually he makes you laugh so much and makes you ________the luckiest parent in the world.

I strongly ________ you to make a promise to yourself for the next week. Decide to ________ every morning and think of at least 5 things that you are ________ for. Then say ________ out loud. You will notice a smile on your face without even trying. In 30 days you will feel completely renewed. This is the ________ of being grateful!

1.A. soB. anyC. possibleD. necessary

2.A. correctlyB. trulyC. whollyD. clearly

3.A. lovelyB. liveC. livelyD. alive

4.A. amountB. plentyC. kindD. number

5.A. terribleB. confusingC. positiveD. negative

6.A. feelingB. lookingC. enjoyingD. taking

7.A. whatB. whereC. whichD. that

8.A. mottosB. wordC. habitsD. rules

9.A. pleasantB. delightedC. simpleD. wonderful

10.A. averageB. avoidC. appreciateD. admit

11.A. for sureB. regardless of

C. instead ofD. by way of

12.A. lazyB. organizedC. carelessD. beautiful

13.A. milkB. drinksC. breadD. dishes

14.A. ifB. afterC. beforeD. unless

15.A. become ofB. look likeC. act asD. feel like

16.A. persuadeB. suggestC. demandD. advise

17.A. dress upB. wake upC. get upD. make up

18.A. gratefulB. upsetC. anxiousD. concerned

19.A. oneB. itC. themD. that

20.A. disadvantageB. consequences

C. awardD. power

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（/\)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\ )划掉。

注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分

Life is not easy for any of us. We will unavoidably suffered bitterness and sadness from failure. Thus, there is very important for us to have a good mood in our daily life. If you have a good mood, you will be happy with everything in the world. Most important, you will have an optimistic effect at the people around you. We all will live harmonious and happy life. It is good for our health as well.

However, sometimes when you meet some difficulties, when you quarrel with others, but when you fail in doing nothing, you may have a bad mood. If so, you should get rid of it as soon as possibly. As we all know, every coin has two sides. So you should think more about its bright side. We are sure that everything will be better with time passed by.

Remember: only you can make himself happy.

Share with us

Would you like to have your writing published(刊登) in this magazine?

Then let us know! We pay for stories, anecdotes and jokes:

Anecdotes and Jokes

＄50

What’s made you laugh recently? A funny sign? A colleague’s behaviour?

Got a joke? Send it in for Laughter is the Best Medicine!

Email: Juliet@sws.com

Smart Animals

Up to ＄100

Send us a story about the strange behaviour of unique pets or wildlife in up to 300 words.

Email: audry@sws.com

Power of Love

Up to ＄150

Acts of generosity(慷慨) can change lives or just give you that warm feeling full of love. Share your moments in 100—500 words.

Email: susan@sws.com

My Story

＄350

Do you have an inspiring or life-changing story to tell? Your story must be true, unpublished, original(原创的) and 800-1000 words.

Email: nanjc@sws.com

1.How much will the magazine pay for a joke to be published?

A. ＄50.B. ＄100.C. ＄150.D.＄350.

2.If you want to share a story of your pets with the readers, you need to send it to ________.

A. Anecdotes and JokesB. Smart Animals

C. Power of LoveD. My Story

3.A story showing people’s generosity should be emailed to the editor(编辑) at ________.

A. juliet@sws.comB. susan@sws.comC. Audrey@sws.comD. nanjc@sws.com

4.An inspiring story sent to the magazine should ________.

A. describe strange behaviour B. contain less than 800 words

C. be real and original D. be published before

In a diverse society, one would expect ________ multiple interpretations of rights.

A. it beingB. it to beC. there beingD. there to be

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