题目内容

1.Howling is a behavior commonly observed among a wolf nark.An animals,wolves work together to hunt and rely on howling was an important means of communication each other.There are different explants of a wolf's howl and it appears that there may be more to discover.One theory is that wolves howl to bend better together.It's almost as if howling together helps the pack stay together.Perhaps something similar to people feeling a sense of involvement with each other when singing a song together.But this theory may be wrong,explains Fred H.Harington,a professor who studies wolf behavior.Indeed,there have been tines when wolves have been seen one moment howling in a exhorts,and the next,quarreling anions each other.It appears that usually the lowest-tanking menthes of the pack may actually be"punished"for
Joining in the churs at times.So is howling a way to strcagthen a social boad or just a way to reconfirm status among its members?--Why do welves howl for sure?
What is cleat,however,is that howling is often used among packmates to locate each other.Hunting grounds are distant and it happens that woloves may separate from one another at times.When this happens,howling appcars to be an ercellent means of gathering.
Howling,interestingly,is a contagious behaviour.When one wolf starts to howl,very likely others will follow.This is often seen to occat in the morning,as if wolves were doing some sotr of"roll rall"where wolves all howl togeter to howl,very likely others will follow.This is often seen to occar in the morning,as if wolves were doing w some sotr of"roll call"where wolves all howl together to repotr their pteence.

55.What the por similarity between wolves'how humaes ting in chorus?D.
A.The act of calling each other.
B.the sense of accomplishment.
C.The act of hunting for something.
D.The sense of belonging to a group.
56.Why does Harrington think the"secial boad"theory may be wrong?C.
A.Wolves separate from each other after howling.
B.Wolves tend to protect their hunting grounds.
C.Wolves sometimes have quarrels after howling together.
D.Wolves of low rank are encouraged to join in the chorus.
57.Reseatchers are sure that wolves often howl toB.
A.show their ranks
B.find their companions
C.repotr the missing ones
D.express their lonelingess
58."Howling…is a contagious behaviour"(in the last paragraph)meansD.
A.howling is a signal for hunting
B.howling is a way of communication
C.howling aften occurs in the morning
D.howling spreads from one to another.

分析 本文是一篇说明文,主要讲述了有关狼咆哮的现象,咆哮是被观察到的狼群间的一种普遍行为,和其它动物一样,狼是群居动物,一起猎食,咆哮是狼群间相互交流的一种方式,关系狼的咆哮有好几种解释,似乎有很多的发现.一种理论是狼是如何更好地聚集在一起.他们似乎像是被打包在一起,也有点类似人类在一起感觉到一种互相牵连的感觉,但这种观点好像是错的.有一些时候狼会在一起合唱,然后接下来彼此争吵.狼为什么要咆哮,是一种加强社会联系和确认成员间的地位,咆哮常常是在群体里找到彼此,狼的咆哮是有传染性的.

解答 55.D  细节理解题.根据文章第二段的"One theory is that wolves howl to bend better together.It's almost as if howling together helps the pack stay together.Perhaps something similar to people feeling a sense of involvement with each other when singing a song together"可知,一种理论是狼是如何更好地聚集在一起,他们似乎像是被打包在一起,也有点类似人类在一起感觉到一种互相牵连的感觉,咆哮常常是在群体里找到彼此,即归属感故选D.
56.C  细节理解题.定位关键词"wrong",根据文章第一段中"there have been tines when wolves have been seen one moment howling in a exhorts,and the next,quarreling anions each other."可知,这种观点好像是错的,因为有一些时候狼会在一起合唱,但然后接下来狼群间会彼此争吵,再由"It appears that usually the lowest-tanking menthes of the pack may actually be"punished"for",可知,排名低的狼似乎还会受到惩罚,故选C.
57.B  细节理解题.定位"sure"和文章第四段的"what is clear"相对应,再由"is that howling is often used among packmates to locate each other"可知,狼的嚎叫是狼在召唤同伴,故选B.
58.D  猜测词义题.定位"contagious behavior",从该词下文举的例子"When one wolf starts to howl,very likely others will follow."说明"contagious behavior"的意思的解释,可以看出Howling…is a contagious behavior意思很可能是"howling spreads from one to another"的意思,即是一种传染行为,故选D.

点评 解答细节理解题时,一个常用的方法就是运用定位法,即根据题干和选项中的关键词从原文中找到相关的句子,与选项进行比较从而确定答案;推理判断题既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思,又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断,力求从作者的角度去考虑,不要固守自己的看法或观点.

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6.Along the river banks of the Amazon and the Orinoco there lives a bird that swims before it can fly,flies like a fat chicken,eats green leaves,has the stomach of a cow and has claws (爪) on its wings when young.They build their homes about 4.6m above the river,an important feature (特征) for the safety of the young.It is called the hoatzin.
  In appearance,the birds of both sexes look very much alike with brown on the back and cream and red on the underside.The head is small,with a large set of feathers on the top,bright red eyes,and blue skin.Its nearest relatives are the common birds,cuckoos.Its most striking feature,though,is only found in the young.
   Baby hoatzins have a claw on the leading edge of each wing and another at the end of each wing tip.Using these four claws,together with the beak (喙),they can climb about in the bushes,looking very much like primitive birds must have done.When the young hoatzins have learned to fly,they lose their claws.
   During the drier months between December and March hoatzins fly about the forest in groups of 20 to 30 birds,but in April,when the rainy season begins,they collect together in smaller living units of two to seven birds for producing purposes.

62.What is the text mainly about?D
A.Hoatzins in dry and rainy seasons.
B.The relatives and enemies of hoatzins.
C.Primitive birds and hoatzins of the Amazon.
D.The appearance and living habits of hoatzins.
63.Young hoatzins are different from their parents in thatB.
A.they look like young cuckoos
B.they have claws on the wing
C.they eat a lot like a cow
D.they live on river banks
64.What can we infer about primitive birds from the text?A
A.They had claws to help them climb.
B.They could fly long distances.
C.They had four wings like hoatzins.
D.They had a head with long feathers on the top.
65.Why do hoatzins collect together in smaller groups when the rainy season comes?D
A.To find more food.
B.To protect themselves better.
C.To keep themselves warm.
D.To produce their young.
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1.People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions-and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.
    Rachael Jack,University of Glasgow researcher,said that rather than scanning evenly(均匀的) across a face as Westerners do,Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.
"We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions,"Jack said."Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure,whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth."
According to Jack and her colleagues,the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed.As a result,facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations.
    The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13Western Caucasian and 13East Asian people while they observed pictures of.expressive faces and put them into categories:happy,sad,surprised,fearful,disgusted,angry,or neutral.They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.
    It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did Westerners."The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions,"Jack said."Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion,Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less."
    In short,the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion.From here on,examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion.Otherwise,when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures,Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.

66.The discovery shows that WesternersA.
A.pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth
B.consider facial expressions universally reliable
C.observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways
D.have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions 
67.What were the people asked to do in the study?C
A.To make a face at each other.B.To get their faces impressive.
C.To classify some face pictures.D.To observe the researchers'faces.
68.What does the underlined word"they"in Paragraph 6refer to?A
A.The participants in the study.
B.The researchers of the study.
C.The errors made during the study.
D.The data collected from the study.
69.In comparison with Westerners,Easterners are likely toC.
A.do translation more successfully
B.study the mouth more frequently
C.examine the eyes more attentively
D.read facial expressions more correctly
70.What can be the best title for the passage?B
A.The Eye as the Window to the Soul
B.Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions
C.Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills
D.How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding.

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