题目内容

15.The common cold is the world's most widespread illness,which is plagues(病疫) that flesh receives.The most widespread fallacy(谬误) of all is that colds caused by cold.They are not.They are caused by viruses passing on from person to person.You catch a cold by coming into contact,directly or indirectly,with someone who already has one.If cold causes colds,it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever.But they do not.And in isolated arctic regions explorers have reported being free from colds until coming into contact again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes.During the First World War soldiers who spent long periods in the trenches(战壕),cold and wet,showed no increased tendency to catch colds.In the Second World War prisoners at the notorious Auschwitz concentration camp(奥斯维辛集中营),naked and starving,were astonished to find that they seldom had colds.At the Common Cold Research Unit in England,volunteers took part in Experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long stretches of time.After taking hot baths,they put on bathing suits,allowed themselves to be with cold water,and then stood about dripping wet in drafty(通风良好的)room.Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion.Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.If,then,cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds,why are they more frequent in the winter?Despite the most pains-taking research,no one has yet found the answer.One explanation offered by scientists is that people tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times,and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on.No one has yet found a cure for the cold.There are drugs and pain suppressors(止痛片) such as aspirin,but all they do is relieve the symptoms.

64.Which of the following does not agree with the chosen passage?C
A.The Eskimos do not suffer from colds all the time.
B.Colds are not caused by cold.
C.People suffer from colds just because they like to stay indoors.
D.A person may catch a cold by touching someone who already has one.
65.Arctic explorers may catch colds whenD.
A.they are working in the isolated arctic regions
B.they are writing reports in terribly cold weather
C.they are free from work in the isolated arctic regions
D.they are coming into touch again with the outside world
66.Volunteers taking part in the experiments in the Common Cold Research UnitA.
A.suffered a lot       B.never caught colds
C.often caught colds   D.became very strong
67.The passage mainly discussesC.
A.the experiments on the common cold
B.the fallacy about the common cold
C.the reason and the way people catch colds
D.the continued spread of common colds.

分析 本文主要分析了感冒不是由于寒冷和潮湿引起的而是由于病毒的传染所引起的.文章列举了多个事例来证明这一点如:北极的科考队员、奥斯维辛集中营里的人及被置于潮湿和寒冷的环境下参与实验的志愿者们.冬天易得感冒的可能原因是冬天大多数时间人们都呆在家里,增加了病毒传染的机会.

解答 64.C.细节理解题.根据由第 2 段的"the Eskimos to suffer from them forever.But they do not"可知A项正确,故排除;由"unless a cold virus was actually dropped  his nos…ecold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds"可知C项正确,故排除;由"You catch a cold by coming into contact,directly or indirectly,with someone who already has one"可知D项正确,故排除;再由"They are caused by viruses passing on from person to person"及"During the First World War soldiers who spent long periods in the trenches(战壕),cold and wet,showed no increased tendency to catch colds.In the Second World War prisoners at the notorious Auschwitz concentration camp(奥斯维辛集中营),naked and starving,were astonished to find that they seldom had colds"可知C项错误,人们得感冒不是因为喜欢呆在家里,而是因为经常呆在一起病毒更容易感染;故选C.
65.D  细节理解题.根据"And in isolated arctic regions explorers have reported being free from colds until coming into contact again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes"可知,北极探险者多次接触到外界的感染人群和航空邮件的包裹等才会换上感冒,故选D.
66.A  细节理解题.根据 After taking hot baths,they put on bathing suits,allowed themselves to be with cold water,and then stood about dripping wet in drafty room.Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion 可知,志愿者要遭受极大的痛苦,故选 A.
67.C   主旨大意题.阅读全文可知,本文首先用大量事例从不同的侧面分析感冒不是由寒冷引起的,最后提出冬天得感冒的可能原因.由此可知 C 为正确答案.

点评 阅读理解考查考生对书面语篇的整体领悟能力和接受及处理具体信息的能力.在进行推理判断时,一定要以阅读材料所提供的事实为依据,同时所得出的结论还应符合基本的常识.

练习册系列答案
相关题目
3.Somewhere on the other side of the world,a small group of workers is busy with a life-or-death struggle.This battle isn't about self-protection,as admirable as that might be. By slaying to face the radiation and Fire at Japan's Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station following the earthquake and then tsunami(海啸)in Japan,the 50 or so workers may have already shortened their life.They knew that would happen.
And yet they stay,working in near-total darkness,pumping seawater onto exposed nuclear fuel in hopes that they can prevent thousands of tons of radioactive material going into the air,and protect the health of millions of people.
Their task sounds like something out of a sci-fi thriller.They worked on the equipment in the complete darkness only by their flashlights,listening for explosions.They carry heavy oxygen tanks on their backs.They wear white,full-body jump suits to protect their bodies.Like Oscar said in"Armageddon":"Scariest environment imaginable.That's all you have to say."
According to news reports,some of the 50 workers volunteered to remain behind to take charge of the fire pumps with which they're spraying seawater on the exposed fuel. It's part of the job,part of the training,"an American nuclear power plant operator said."Nobody makes a secret of the possible dangers at a place like this.If there's a problem,you don't call somebody in to fix it.It's our problem.We're the only ones who can fix it.That's just what we do."
I don't know about you,but I've never really thought of nuclear power plant workers as"guardians at the gate"-those whose jobs may at any time place them in a position to protect us,perhaps at the risk of their own lives.
These are obviously guardians at the gate.In every case they're trained to respond to unknown possibilities.For them,it isn't a matter of courage-it's standard operating procedure.
61.What do we know from the text?C
A.The rescue work was admirable.
B.The accident was successfully handled.
C.The workers faced a life danger.
D.The earthquake was the main reason.
62.The third paragraph is mainly aboutB   
A.the way they worked                                     
B.the dangerous environment
C.Oscar's famous words                                    
D.the description of a film
63.According to the author,the 50 workersD   
A.were ordered by the government                          
B.were requested by the world
C.left behind against their own will                      
D.were performing their duties
64.The underlined word"you"in Paragraph 5 refers toA   
A.the 50 workers                      
B.the readers     
C.the news reporters                                      
D.the author
65.What would be the best title for the text?B
A.Japan's nuclear accident                                
B.Guardians at the gate
C.Saving nuclear power station                            
D.Using nuclear power safely.
10.We have seen that pesticides(杀虫剂) now pollute soil,water and food,and that they have the power to make our rivers fishless and our gardens and woodlands silent and birdless.Man,however much he may like to pretend the opposite,is part of nature.Can he escape a pollution that is now so thoroughly spread throughout our world?
We know that even single exposure to these chemicals,if the amount is large enough,can cause extremely severe poisoning.But this is not the major problem.The sudden illness or death of farmers,farm workers and others exposed to enough quantities of pesticides is very sad and should not happen.For the population as a whole,we must pay more attention to the delayed effects of taking in small amounts of the pesticides that unseeably pollute our world.
Responsible public health officials have pointed out that the biological effects of chemicals are increasing in amount over long periods of time,and that the danger to the man may depend on the amount of the exposures received throughout his lifetime.For these very reasons people easily take no notice of the danger.It is human nature to shake off what may seem to us a future disaster."Men are naturally most impressed by diseases which have obvious signs,"says a wise physician,Dr.Rene Dubos,"yet some of their worst enemies slowly come near them unnoticed."

62.Which of the following can best summarize the first paragraph of this passage?_C
A.Man has a responsibility to bear for what has happened to nature.
B.Possibly man will escape the effects of environmental pollution.
C.Pesticide-caused pollution may also kill people.
D.Man acts as if he did not belong to nature.
63.People do not give enough attention to the delayed effects of exposure to chemicals becauseD.
A.imited exposure to them does little harm to people's health
B.the present is more important to them than the future
C.humans are able to bear small amounts of poisoning
D.the danger does not become seen clearly and immediately
64.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?_A
A.A person exposed to pesticides even once may get seriously poisoned.
B.Birds are less sensitive to pesticides than humans.
C.The effects of pesticides on humans do not last as long as on fish.
D.Taking in small amounts of pesticides will not cause serious results.
65.We can conclude from what Dr Dubos says thatB.
A.people usually find hidden diseases difficult to deal with
B.people fail to notice hidden dangers caused by pesticides
C.diseases with obvious signs are mostly easy to cure
D.attacks by hidden enemies are likely to be deadly.
20.For a while,my neighborhood was taken over by an army of joggers(慢跑者).They were there all the time:early morning,noon,and evening.There were little old ladies in gray sweats,young couples in Adidas shoes,middle?aged men with red faces."Come on!"My friend Alex encouraged me to join him as he jogged by my house every evening."You'll feel great."
Well,I had nothing against feeling great and if Alex could jog every day,anyone could.So I took up jogging seriously and gave it a good two months of my life,and not a day more.Based on my experience,jogging is the most overvalued form of exercise around,and judging from the number of the people who left our neighborhood jogging army.I'm not alone in my opinion.
First of all,jogging is very hard on the body.Your legs and feet had a real pounding(追击) running down a road for two or three miles.I developed foot,leg,and back problems.Then I read about a nationally famous jogger who died of a heart attack while jogging,and I had something else to worry about.Jogging doesn't kill hundreds of people,but if you have any physical weaknesses,jogging will surely bring  them out,as they did with me.
Secondly,I got no enjoyment out of jogging.Putting one foot in front of the other for forty-five minutes isn't my idea of fun.Jogging is also a lonely pastime.Some joggers say,"I love being out there with just my thoughts."Well,my thoughts began to bore me,and most of them were on how much my legs hurt.
And how could I enjoy something that brought me pain?And that wasn't just the first week:it was practically every day for two months.I never got past the pain level,and pain isn't fun.What a cruel way to do it!So many other exercises,including walking,lead to almost the same results painlessly,so why jog?
I don't jog any more,and I don't think I ever will.I'm walking two miles three times a week at a fast pace,and that feels good.I bicycle to work when the weather is good.I'm getting exercise,and I'm enjoying it at the same time.I could never say the same for jogging,and I've found a lot of better ways to stay in shape.

56.From the first paragraph,we learn that in the writer's neighborhoodA.
A.jogging became very popular 
B.people jogged only during the daytime
C.Alex organized an army of joggers 
D.jogging provided a chance to get together
57.The underlined word"them"(Paragraph 3)most probably refers toD.
A.heart attacks 
B.back problems 
C.famous joggers 
D.physical weaknesses
58.What was the writer's attitude towards jogging in the beginning?A
A.He felt it was worth a try.
B.He was very fond of it.
C.He was strongly against it.
D.He thought it must be painful.
59.Why did the writer give up jogging two months later?B
A.He disliked doing exercise outside.
B.He found it neither healthy nor interesting.
C.He was afraid of having a heart attack.
D.He was worried about being left alone.
60.From the writer's experience,we can conclude thatA.
A.not everyone enjoys jogging
B.he is the only person who hates jogging
C.nothing other than jogging can help people keep fit
D.jogging makes people feel greater than any other sport.
7.Do we need an"Ivy (常春藤) League"?
China may soon have its own"Ivy League",with a union of top universities.
The term originally referred to an athletic conference of eight top universities in the northeastern US.The Chinese version,which was officially started in mid-October,consists of nine famous universities,including Peking,Tsinghua,Zhejiang and Fudan.The union is supposed to result in student exchange programs,recognition of academic achievements,and other joint programs.
The news of this Chinese"Ivy League"has received mixed responses from the public and press.Some negative critics have dismissed it as yet another example of the wishful copying of international practices without fully understanding them.Others say that the"Ivy League"is not necessary but that the union is a good idea,one that could promote academic development.
So what's your opinion on a Chinese"Ivy League"?Do we need one?
Yes.Ivy League or not,nine of China's best universities cooperating is a good thing.
1.These universities combining resources could create a better environment for students and for research.It could also save a lot of time and resources because it would mean fewer unnecessary investments for some of the universities.
2.Allowing students to move to or have exchanges with other universities could broaden their horizons,improve their social skills and create more employment opportunities.The results could be more important than lessons and achievements.
3.The term"Ivy League"carries a sense of academic excellence,tradition and reputation.If borrowing such a term could encourage students'and professors'mental state and improve Chinese higher education,then there's no reason not to do it.
No.Universities should do some work on increasing cooperation instead of copying an"Ivy League"model.
1.Many Chinese universities already have such cooperation with each other.If this cooperation were associated with the"Ivy League",it would just distract (分散) attention and resources and have a negative effect.
2.These Chinese universities are all state-run and most get their funding from the government.They're quite similar to each other in many ways and more cooperation wouldn't bring about as much potential ability as between,say,public and private,or Chinese and foreign universities.
3.China should find its own way to develop world-class universities instead of by copying some foreign practices.We have our own unique conditions and foreign lessons often don't apply well here.
Do we need an"Ivy League"?
Ivy in AmericaIt originally referred to an athletic conference of (71)eight top universities in the
northeast of America.







Ivy in China
FormationNine famous universities

(72)Purposes of the union 
To exchange students
To(73)recognize academic achievements
To work on the joint programs
(74)Responses   from the public
Positive side(75)Negative side 
The cooperation is good for the combination of resources and recreation of (76)a better environment.Attention will be drawn away and (78)resources  will be distracted.
Students will have less difficulty in finding jobs through the student exchange program.The cooperation won't have great effect because of their (79)similarities  in running universities.
The cooperation will (77)encourage  the students and professors mentally.China should develop world-class universities in its (80)unique  way without copying foreign countries blindly.

违法和不良信息举报电话:027-86699610 举报邮箱:58377363@163.com

精英家教网