根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

If you are in a crowd, the first and most important thing is to make yourself familiar with your surroundings and mentally notice alternate exits.__ 1.___

Make yourself aware of the type of ground you are standing on, and know that in a crowd of moving people wet or uneven ground can be slippery or hazardous, causing you to fall.

_2.__ When in danger, a few seconds can make all the difference, giving you the possibility of taking advantage of escaping route. Always stay closer to the escape route.

If you find yourself in the middle of a moving crowd, do not fight against the pressure, do not stand still or sit down, because you could easily get trampled.__ 3._____

Take advantage of any space that may open up to move sideways to the crowd movement where the flow is weaker.

Keep your hands up by your chest, like a boxer—it gives you movement and protects your chest.____ 4.___ If you cannot get up because you are injured, get someone to pull you back up. If you have kids, lift them up.

If you fall and cannot get up, keep moving by crawling in the same direction of the crowd, or if that is not possible, then cover your head with your arms and curl up into fetal position.___ 5.__

A. Be aware of the general atmosphere of the event, as panic situations can often be expected.

B. There is always space between people.

C. Do not lie on your stomach or back, as this dangerously exposes your lungs.

D. The worst is to be pushed by the crowd against an immovable object

E. If you fall, get up quickly.

F. No matter where you are, make sure you always know how to get out.

G. Instead, move in the same direction of the crowd.

Parties and social gathering no longer excite us the same way they once did. This is not because of a lack of desire to socialize, but the mobile-phone.

At parties, more people are on their phones than on their drinks. According to a recent International Data Corporation Study, over half of all Americans have a smartphone and reach for it as soon as they wake up, keeping it in hand all day. In addition, too many people in society are using smartphones while driving and as a result, they get into car crashes. 34 percent of teenagers admit sending messages while driving, and they agree that sending messages is their number one driving interruption. People’s addiction(沉溺) to their smartphones is unbelievably becoming more important than the lives of themselves and others.

Just as drivers ignore the importance of focusing while on the road, many people also fail to recognize the importance of human communication. When with their friends, some people aimlessly check or send messages in front of a friend, which sends a message to that friend: the person I am texting is more important than you. In addition, relying on our smartphones to make friends does not give us the same advantage as being able to make new friendships in the real world. Face-to-face conversations will give us much stronger communication skills in the long run.

As many people risk their lives and the lives of people around them just to send a message or mindlessly check their messages, smartphones are in many ways more dangerous to people. The quality of this technology is preventing societal achievements and weakening the value of communication. Not only is the smartphone affecting our desire to communicate face to face, but it is also lowering society’s ability to communicate.

1. The purpose of the passage is to .

A. call for an end to use the smartphone while driving

B. tell us to pay attention to communication skills

C. express a concern about the overuse of the smartphone

D. advise us to be careful about the addiction to face-to-face communication.

2.The second paragraph is developed by .

A. giving examples B. time order.

C. comparing facts D. analyzing the effects

3.The author advises us to make new friends .

A. by using smartphones B. in a face-to-face way

C. in different ways D. by writing letters.

4.Over-dependence on the smartphone leads to the fact that .

A. parties and gathering limit their social circle.

B. people are more and more easy-going.

C. people’s communication skills are weakened.

D. face-to-face communication becomes more and more dangerous.

Traveling without a map in different countries, I find out about different “styles” of directions every time I ask “How can I get to the post office?”

Foreign tourists are often confused in Japan because most streets there don’t have name signs. In Japan, people use landmarks in their directions instead of street names. For example, the Japanese will say to travelers, “Go straight down to the corner. Turn left at the big hotel and go past a fruit market. The post office is across from the bus stop.”

People in Los Angeles, the US, have no idea of distance on the map: they measure distance by time, not miles. “How far away is the post office?” you ask. “Oh,” they answer, “It’s about five minutes from here.” You don’t understand completely, “Yes, but how many miles away is it, please?” To this question you won’t get an answer, because most probably they don’t know it themselves.

People in Greece sometimes do not even try to give directions because tourists seldom understand the Greek language. Instead, a Greek will often say, “Follow me.” Then he’ll lead you through the streets of the city to the post office.

Sometimes a person doesn’t know the answer to your question. What happens in the situation? A New Yorker might say, “Sorry, I have no idea.” But in Yucatan, Mexico, no one answers “I don’t know.” People there believe that “I don’t ” is impolite. They usually give an answer, but often a wrong one. So a tourist can get lost very easily in Yucatan!

However, one thing will help you everywhere in the world. It’s body language.

1.Which of the following is probably an example of Japanese directions?

A. “Turn right at the hospital and go past a school.”

B. “Go south two miles. Turn west and then go another mile.”

C. “The post office is about five minutes from here.”

D. “The post office is at Street Kamira.”

2.Why don’t people in Los Angeles give directions in miles?

A. They use landmarks in their directions instead of distance.

B. They prefer to lead you the way.

C. They often have no idea of distance measured by miles.

D. They prefer to use body language.

3.How do Greeks give directions?

A. Using street names.

B. Using landmarks.

C. Leading people the way.

D. Giving people a wrong direction.

4.Which of the following is NOT true?

A. There are different ways to give directions in different parts of the world.

B. People in Yucatan always give right directions.

C. People in some places give directions in miles, while in other places in time.

D. A person’s body language can help you understand directions.

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