Question

【题目】When will a plant be considered a weed? Experts have a simple answer: when the undesirable qualities outweigh (胜过，强过) the good qualities. Crops generally produce several hundred seeds from each plant. By comparison, each weed plant can produce tens or even hundreds of thousands of seeds. And some buried seeds can survive up to forty years or even longer. Eradicating weeds means that you have to remove all the seeds and roots so the weeds will die completely. But birds or the wind can reintroduce them to the land.

A common way to deal with weeds is to control them enough so that the land can be used for planting. Experts suggest using more methods to deal with weeds. Chemical weed killers or natural treatments like corn gluten (玉米麸) can suppress weed growth. Bill Curran is a professor of weed science. He says the most efficient method for suppressing weeds is dense planting. Dense planting of a crop can also act as a natural control. A dense and competitive crop that quickly shades the soil will help suppress many weeds. The weed seeds need light to grow, so cutting off sunlight will reduce weed growth.

Other controls include turning over the soil, pulling the weeds or covering them with mulch (地膜) made of wood, garden waste or other materials. But even mulch has its limits. Natural resource specialists point out that weeds can be transported in mulch. This is also true of soil, grain, hay and animals. Yet animals like sheep or goats eat weeds, so they can provide a biological control. Insects and other organisms can also act as biological controls.

Preventing the spread of weeds is an important part of weed management. Farm vehicles should be kept out of areas with weeds. If that is not possible, then clean off the equipment and your shoes when leaving. Some people bum weeds or bury them deep. Experts say the economical way is to make organically rich compost (有机堆肥). On the one hand, the process produces heat which can kill many weed seeds. On the other hand, the compost can be added to the soil to help plants grow.

【1】Why do people kill all the seeds and roots of weeds?

A. Because the seeds and roots are bad in quality.

B. Because weeds have strong ability to live.

C. Because weeds take up too much space.

D. Because the seeds and roots will be eaten by birds.

【2】Which of the following methods of eradicating weeds can work best?

A. Chemical weed killers.

B. Putting the com gluten in the field.

C. Dense planting.

D. Making use of mulch.

【3】How does dense planting affect weeds?

A. The crops grow stronger than weeds.

B. The crops grow deeper in the soil.

C. The crops block sunlight the weed seeds need.

D. The crops compete with weeds for shade.

【4】What can we infer from the passage?

A. The weeds will surely die under mulch.

B. The buried weed seeds can’t come out.

C. Farm vehicles should be used to kill weeds.

D. People can make good use of weeds properly.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】C

【3】C

【4】D

【解析】

【文章大意】本文是一篇科普文章。告诉人们要根除杂草就必须除掉杂草所有的种子和根系，把杂草的生长环境彻底破坏掉，这样杂草才不会再次长出来。你知道常见的处理杂草的方式有哪些吗？

【1】B。考查推理判断。从文章第一段Crops generally produce several hundred seeds from each plant. By comparison, each weed plant can produce tens or even hundreds of thousands of seeds. And some buried seeds can survive up to forty years or even longer. Eradicating weeds means that you have to remove all the seeds and roots so the weeds will die completely. 可知，每株农作物通常产生几百颗种子。而相比之下，每株杂草能产生数万甚至数十万颗种子。而且，一些被埋在地里的种子可以存活40年乃至更久。要根除杂草意味着你必须除掉所有的种子和根系，这样杂草才会彻底死亡。由此可推测，杂草的生命力很强。故答案选B。

【2】C。细节理解题。从文章第二段Bill Curran is a professor of weed science. He says the most efficient method for suppressing weeds is dense planting可知，Bill Curran是一位杂草学教授。他说，密集种植是抑制杂草最有效的方法。所以答案选C。

【3】C。细节理解题。从文章第二段A dense and competitive crop that quickly shades the soil will help suppress many weeds. The weed seeds need sunlight to grow, so cutting off sunlight will reduce weed growth可知，密集种植中具有竞争力的作物会很快遮蔽土壤，这将有助于抑制杂草的生长。因为杂草种子的生长需要阳光，所以遮蔽阳光能够抑制杂草生长。所以答案选C。

【4】D。推理判断题。综合分析文章各处及最后一段可知：专家说，最经济的办法是将杂草制成有机堆肥。一方面，制造有机堆肥的过程会产生热量，这些热量会杀死杂草种子。另一方面，这些堆肥可以施在土壤里帮助作物生长。故答案选D。